mysql5.7 gtid问题,MySQL5.7在线开启/关闭GTID

MySQL5.7在线开启/关闭GTID

环境介绍

Part1:写在最前

截止本文撰写当日，MySQL5.7.16是官网的最新稳定版，本文将用MySQL5.7.16来进行演示。从MySQL5.6开始，支持了GTID复制模式，这种模式其实是把双刃剑，虽然容易搭建主从复制了，但使用不当，就容易出现一些错误，例如error 1236。在MySQL5.6如果开启GTID模式，需要在my.cnf中加入以下几个参数：

①log-bin=mysql-bin

②binlog_format=row

③log_slave_updates=1

④gtid_mode=ON

⑤enforce_gtid_consistency=ON

Warning:警告这里的一些参数不是动态参数，也就是需要重启mysql才能生效。

Part2:环境[root@HE1 ~]# mysql -uroot -p

Enter password:

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.

Your MySQL connection id is 4

Server version: 5.7.16-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> select version();

+------------+

| version() |

+------------+

| 5.7.16-log |

+------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> show global variables like 'log_slave%';

+-------------------+-------+

| Variable_name | Value |

+-------------------+-------+

| log_slave_updates | OFF |

+-------------------+-------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

MySQL5.6开启GTID需要开启log_slave_updates参数，否则启动报错，而5.7不在需要开启该参数。

实战

Part1:搭建传统复制模式

本文环境HE1为从，HE3为主库

[root@HE1 ~]# mysql -uroot -p

Enter password:

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.

Your MySQL connection id is 7

Server version: 5.7.16-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show slave statusG

*************************** 1. row ***************************

Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event

Master_Host: 192.168.1.250

Master_User: mysync

Master_Port: 3306

Connect_Retry: 60

Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002

Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1694

Relay_Log_File: HE1-relay-bin.000002

Relay_Log_Pos: 320

Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002

Slave_IO_Running: Yes

Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

Replicate_Do_DB:

Replicate_Ignore_DB:

Replicate_Do_Table:

Replicate_Ignore_Table:

Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:

Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:

Last_Errno: 0

Last_Error:

Skip_Counter: 0

Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 1694

Relay_Log_Space: 525

Until_Condition: None

Until_Log_File:

Until_Log_Pos: 0

Master_SSL_Allowed: No

Master_SSL_CA_File:

Master_SSL_CA_Path:

Master_SSL_Cert:

Master_SSL_Cipher:

Master_SSL_Key:

Seconds_Behind_Master: 0

Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No

Last_IO_Errno: 0

Last_IO_Error:

Last_SQL_Errno: 0

Last_SQL_Error:

Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:

Master_Server_Id: 1250

Master_UUID: 82b160c7-9a8f-11e6-8412-000c29c6361d

Master_Info_File: /data/mysql/master.info

SQL_Delay: 0

SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL

Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates

Master_Retry_Count: 86400

Master_Bind:

Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:

Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:

Master_SSL_Crl:

Master_SSL_Crlpath:

Retrieved_Gtid_Set:

Executed_Gtid_Set:

Auto_Position: 0

Replicate_Rewrite_DB:

Channel_Name:

Master_TLS_Version:

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

Part2:传统复制模式切换为GTID

①主库从库都需执行以下命令mysql> set global gtid_mode='OFF_PERMISSIVE';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> set global gtid_mode='ON_PERMISSIVE';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> set global enforce_gtid_consistency=ON;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> set global gtid_mode='ON';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

②主库插数从库执行mysql> show master status;

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+----------------------------------------+

| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+----------------------------------------+

| mysql-bin.000005 | 154 | | | 82b160c7-9a8f-11e6-8412-000c29c6361d:1 |

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+----------------------------------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

可以看到gtid_set下面有数了，这说明已经开启了gtid模式

Part3:GTID变更为传统模式mysql> stop slave;-----从库执行

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> set global gtid_mode='ON_PERMISSIVE';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> set global gtid_mode='OFF_PERMISSIVE';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=0;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)

mysql> set global gtid_mode='OFF';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> start slave;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show variables like '%gtid%';

+----------------------------------+----------------------------------------+

| Variable_name | Value |

+----------------------------------+----------------------------------------+

| binlog_gtid_simple_recovery | ON |

| enforce_gtid_consistency | ON |

| gtid_executed_compression_period | 1000 |

| gtid_mode | OFF |

| gtid_next | AUTOMATIC |

| gtid_owned | |

| gtid_purged | 82b160c7-9a8f-11e6-8412-000c29c6361d:1 |

| session_track_gtids | OFF |

+----------------------------------+----------------------------------------+

8 rows in set (0.01 sec)

可以看到这里GTID模式已经关了，下面再次开启GTID模式来观察id的变化mysql> set global gtid_mode='OFF_PERMISSIVE';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> set global gtid_mode='ON_PERMISSIVE';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> set global enforce_gtid_consistency=ON;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> set global gtid_mode='ON';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql>

mysql>

mysql> show variables like '%gtid%';

+----------------------------------+----------------------------------------+

| Variable_name | Value |

+----------------------------------+----------------------------------------+

| binlog_gtid_simple_recovery | ON |

| enforce_gtid_consistency | ON |

| gtid_executed_compression_period | 1000 |

| gtid_mode | ON |

| gtid_next | AUTOMATIC |

| gtid_owned | |

| gtid_purged | 82b160c7-9a8f-11e6-8412-000c29c6361d:1 |

| session_track_gtids | OFF |

+----------------------------------+----------------------------------------+

8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

主库做操作，从库执行如下命令会看到gtid_set的值在变化

mysql> show master status;

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+------------------------------------------+

| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+------------------------------------------+

| mysql-bin.000011 | 154 | | | 82b160c7-9a8f-11e6-8412-000c29c6361d:1-2 |

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+------------------------------------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> show master status;

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+------------------------------------------+

| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+------------------------------------------+

| mysql-bin.000011 | 154 | | | 82b160c7-9a8f-11e6-8412-000c29c6361d:1-3 |

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+------------------------------------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

——总结——

MySQL5.7开启/关闭GTID，不用重启mysql，这大大提高了GTID的易用性。由于笔者的水平有限，编写时间也很仓促，文中难免会出现一些错误或者不准确的地方，不妥之处恳请读者批评指正。