Spring整合Hibernate：2、使用Annotation方式进行声明式的事务管理

1、加入DataSourceTransactionManager的命名空间

修改applicationContext.xml文件，增加如下内容：

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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?> < beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"      xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"      xmlns:context = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"      xmlns:aop = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"      xmlns:tx = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"      xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans             http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd             http://www.springframework.org/schema/context             http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd             http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx             http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd             http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop             http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd">

2、初始化HibernateTransactionManager

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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?> < beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"      xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"      xmlns:context = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"      xmlns:aop = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"      xmlns:tx = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"      xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans             http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd             http://www.springframework.org/schema/context             http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd             http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx             http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd             http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop             http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd">      < context:annotation-config />      < context:component-scan base-package = "com.fz.annotation" />      < bean          class = "org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer" >          < property name = "locations" value = "classpath:jdbc.properties" />      </ bean >      < bean id = "dataSource" destroy-method = "close"          class = "org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" >          < property name = "driverClassName" value = "${jdbc.driverClassName}" />          < property name = "url" value = "${jdbc.url}" />          < property name = "username" value = "${jdbc.username}" />          < property name = "password" value = "${jdbc.password}" />      </ bean >      <!-- annotation方式管理hibernate的sessionFactory -->      < bean id = "sessionFactory"          class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.annotation.AnnotationSessionFactoryBean" >          < property name = "dataSource" ref = "dataSource" />          < property name = "packagesToScan" >              < list >                  < value >com.fz.annotation.model</ value >              </ list >          </ property >          < property name = "hibernateProperties" >              < props >                  < prop key = "hibernate.dialect" >org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</ prop >                  < prop key = "hibernate.show_sql" >true</ prop >                  < prop key = "hibernate.format_sql" >true</ prop >              </ props >          </ property >      </ bean >      < tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager = "myTxManager" />      < bean id = "myTxManager"          class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" >          < property name = "sessionFactory" ref = "sessionFactory" />      </ bean > </ beans >

这里需要配置一个HibernateTransactionManager的bean和<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="myTxManager"/>

3、在Service层使用事务管理

userServiceImpl.java

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package com.fz.annotation.service.impl;   import javax.annotation.Resource;   import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;   import com.fz.annotation.dao.UserDao; import com.fz.annotation.model.User; import com.fz.annotation.service.UserService;   @Service ( "userService" ) public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService{      private UserDao userDao;            @Transactional      public void userAdd(User user) {          userDao.userAdd(user);      }            public UserDao getUserDao() {          return userDao;      }      @Resource (name= "userDao" )      public void setUserDao(UserDao userDao) {          this .userDao = userDao;      }       }

注意：这里使用@Transactional注解来注明该方法需要使用到事务

userDaoImpl.java

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package com.fz.annotation.dao.impl;   import javax.annotation.Resource;   import org.hibernate.Session; import org.hibernate.SessionFactory; import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;   import com.fz.annotation.dao.UserDao; import com.fz.annotation.model.User;     @Repository ( "userDao" ) public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao{      private SessionFactory sessionFactory;      public void userAdd(User user) {          Session session = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();          session.save(user);      }      public SessionFactory getSessionFactory() {          return sessionFactory;      }      @Resource      public void setSessionFactory(SessionFactory sessionFactory) {          this .sessionFactory = sessionFactory;      } }

4、测试

测试正常情况，结果一切正常。数据库也插入了数据

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@Test public void getProperties(){      ClassPathXmlApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext( "applicationContext_aop.xml" );      UserService userService = (UserService) ctx.getBean( "userService" );      User user = new User();      user.setId( 4 );      user.setUsername( "test1" );      userService.userAdd(user); }

修改userDaoImpl.java，抛出一个异常。看看是否能回滚

在userDaoImpl.java的userAdd方法中抛出一个异常

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public void userAdd(User user) {      Session session = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();      session.save(user);      throw new RuntimeException( "aa" ); }

然后再次测试的时候，发现数据库中没有插入该条数据。依然是上一次的数据

5、事务的传播特性Propagation

所谓传播特性：也就是Transaction的产生过程，以及事务来了后怎么管理这个事务。

@Transactional注解有个属性：Propagation,Propagation是一个枚举类型,默认是REQUIRED，枚举的值如下：

REQUIRED（默认，最常用，重要）

          Support a current transaction, create a new one if none exists. 

如果此时执行了mothod1，而method1里面又调用了method2.假如method1里面已经有了Transaction，那么method2里面就不需要再创建新的Transaction了,method2会使用原来的这个Transaction。如果method1里面没有Transaction，则method2会新建一个Transaction

例如：

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@Transactional (propagation=Propagation.REQUIRED) public  void  userAdd(User user) {      userDao.userAdd(user); }

如果别的service调用userAdd的时候已经有了Transaction，则此时不会创建新的Transaction。如果调用的时候没有Transaction。则这里会新建一个Transaction

MANDATORY 

          Support a current transaction, throw an exception if none exists.

          必须得有Transaction，没有则抛异常。

例如：如果把上面的REQUIRED改为MANDATORY，如果调用这个userAdd方法之前必须得有Transaction存在。否则则抛异常。

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@Transactional (propagation=Propagation.MANDATORY) public void userAdd(User user) {      userDao.userAdd(user); }

NESTED 

          Execute within a nested transaction if a current transaction exists, behave like PROPAGATION_REQUIRED else.

          如果有一个Transaction（A）存在了，则暂停A。自己新建一个Transaction（B），等B执行完了，A才会继续执行。就是新建一个Transaction内嵌到原来的Transaction中。

NEVER 

          Execute non-transactionally, throw an exception if a transaction exists.

          必须没有Transaction，如果有Transaction则抛异常。

NOT_SUPPORTED 

          Execute non-transactionally, suspend the current transaction if one exists.

          必须不能有Transaction，如果有则挂起原来的Transaction，暂停原来的Transaction，执行当前方法内的Transaction后，原来的Transaction再继续。

REQUIRES_NEW 

          Create a new transaction, suspend the current transaction if one exists.

          创建一个新Transaction，如果当前有Transaction。就将其挂起（暂停)

SUPPORTS 

          Support a current transaction, execute non-transactionally if none exists.

          支持当前Transaction，如果当前有则有，当前没有则没有。

来自为知笔记(Wiz)

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/meet/p/4762389.html