slab分配器 - 实例用法
其原理此处不再赘述,请参看:http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/linux/l-linux-slab-allocator/
1. 定义一个 kmem_cache 对象,然后对其进行初始化
static struct kmem_cache *sample_cachep;
static void init_sample_cachep( void )
{
sample_cachep = kmem_cache_create(
"sample_cachep", /* Name */
32, /* Object Size */
0, /* Alignment */
SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN, /* Flags */
NULL); /* Constructor */
return;
}
这里是采用的通用slab缓存方式实现,这个特定的缓存包含 32 字节的对象,并且是硬件缓存对齐的(由标志参数 SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN 定义)。
如果采用专用slab缓存,那么必须要知道建立缓存对象的大小,比如,我们需要为sample_struct结构体建立一个专用的slab缓存,那么其调用格式如下:
static struct kmem_cache *sample_struct_cachep;
static void init_sample_struct_cache( void )
{
sample_struct_cachep = kmem_cache_create(
"sample_struct_cachep", /* Name */
sizeof(struct sample_struct), /* Object Size */
0, /* Alignment */
SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN, /* Flags */
NULL); /* Constructor */
return;
}
接下来以专用slab缓存为实例
2. 使用所分配的 slab 缓存对象,或释放所分配的 slab 缓存对象
int slab_test( void )
{
struct sample_struct *object;
printk( "Cache name is %s/n", kmem_cache_name( sample_struct_cachep ) );
printk( "Cache object size is %d/n", kmem_cache_size( sample_struct_cachep ) );
object = kmem_cache_alloc(sample_struct_cachep, GFP_KERNEL);
if (object) {
kmem_cache_free(sample_struct_cachep, object);
}
return 0;
}
3. slab 缓存的销毁。调用者必须确保在执行销毁操作过程中,不要从缓存中分配对象。
static void remove_sample_struct_cache( void )
{
if (sample_struct_cachep)
kmem_cache_destroy( sample_struct_cachep );
return;
}
4.所在slab缓存使用过程中,可以通过slabtop查看。
5. 实例
/**********************************************
* Author: lewiyon@hotmail.com
* File name: slabmod.c
* Description: slab缓存使用实例
* Date: 2012-07-26
*********************************************/
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/unistd.h>
//#include <sys/type.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
#define first 1000 /* 第一次尝试分配1000个对象 */
struct sample_struct {
int id;
char name[20];
char address[50];
};
static struct kmem_cache *sample_struct_cachep;
static struct sample_struct *sample1[first];
static int sample_mod_init(void)
{
int i;
sample_struct_cachep = kmem_cache_create(
"sample_struct_cachep", /* Name */
sizeof(struct sample_struct), /* Object Size */
0, /* Alignment */
SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN, /* Flags */
NULL); /* Constructor */
/* 确保创建成功:有可能失败 */
if (NULL == sample_struct_cachep)
return 1;
printk(KERN_INFO "Cache name is %s\n",
kmem_cache_name(sample_struct_cachep));
/* 首次分配 */
for (i = 0; i < first; i++)
{
sample1[i] = kmem_cache_alloc(sample_struct_cachep, GFP_KERNEL);
if (NULL == sample1[i])
{
int ii;
printk("First alloc ERR: %d/n", i);
for (ii = 0; ii < i; ii++)
{
kmem_cache_free(sample_struct_cachep, sample1[ii]);
sample1[ii] = NULL;
}
}
}
return 0;
}
static void sample_mod_exit(void)
{
int i;
if (sample1[0])
{
for (i = 0; i < first; i++)
{
kmem_cache_free(sample_struct_cachep, sample1[i]);
sample1[i] = NULL;
}
}
if (sample_struct_cachep)
{
kmem_cache_destroy( sample_struct_cachep );
printk(KERN_INFO "Destroy sample_struct_cachep!\n");
}
return ;
}
module_init(sample_mod_init);
module_exit(sample_mod_exit);
MODULE_AUTHOR("lewiyon@hotmail.com");
MODULE_DESCRIPTION("A Simple slab sample");
插入模块、删除模块前后slabtop观察结果
[root@RedHat ~]# slabtop -o | egrep "OBJS|sample_struct_cachep"
OBJS ACTIVE USE OBJ SIZE SLABS OBJ/SLAB CACHE SIZE NAME
[root@RedHat ~]# slabtop -o | egrep "OBJS|sample_struct_cachep"
OBJS ACTIVE USE OBJ SIZE SLABS OBJ/SLAB CACHE SIZE NAME
1020 1020 100% 0.12K 34 30 136K sample_struct_cachep
[root@RedHat ~]# slabtop -o | egrep "OBJS|sample_struct_cachep"
OBJS ACTIVE USE OBJ SIZE SLABS OBJ/SLAB CACHE SIZE NAME
1020 1010 99% 0.12K 34 30 136K sample_struct_cachep
[root@RedHat ~]# slabtop -o | egrep "OBJS|sample_struct_cachep"
OBJS ACTIVE USE OBJ SIZE SLABS OBJ/SLAB CACHE SIZE NAME
1020 1002 98% 0.12K 34 30 136K sample_struct_cachep
[root@RedHat ~]# slabtop -o | egrep "OBJS|sample_struct_cachep"
OBJS ACTIVE USE OBJ SIZE SLABS OBJ/SLAB CACHE SIZE NAME
1020 1001 98% 0.12K 34 30 136K sample_struct_cachep
[root@RedHat ~]# slabtop -o | egrep "OBJS|sample_struct_cachep"
OBJS ACTIVE USE OBJ SIZE SLABS OBJ/SLAB CACHE SIZE NAME
1020 1000 98% 0.12K 34 30 136K sample_struct_cachep
[root@RedHat ~]# slabtop -o | egrep "OBJS|sample_struct_cachep"
OBJS ACTIVE USE OBJ SIZE SLABS OBJ/SLAB CACHE SIZE NAME
1020 1000 98% 0.12K 34 30 136K sample_struct_cachep
[root@RedHat ~]# slabtop -o | egrep "OBJS|sample_struct_cachep"
OBJS ACTIVE USE OBJ SIZE SLABS OBJ/SLAB CACHE SIZE NAME
1020 1000 98% 0.12K 34 30 136K sample_struct_cachep
[root@RedHat ~]# slabtop -o | egrep "OBJS|sample_struct_cachep"
OBJS ACTIVE USE OBJ SIZE SLABS OBJ/SLAB CACHE SIZE NAME
1020 1000 98% 0.12K 34 30 136K sample_struct_cachep
[root@RedHat ~]# slabtop -o | egrep "OBJS|sample_struct_cachep"
OBJS ACTIVE USE OBJ SIZE SLABS OBJ/SLAB CACHE SIZE NAME
1020 1000 98% 0.12K 34 30 136K sample_struct_cachep
[root@RedHat ~]# slabtop -o | egrep "OBJS|sample_struct_cachep"
OBJS ACTIVE USE OBJ SIZE SLABS OBJ/SLAB CACHE SIZE NAME
[root@RedHat ~]# slabtop -o | egrep "OBJS|sample_struct_cachep"
OBJS ACTIVE USE OBJ SIZE SLABS OBJ/SLAB CACHE SIZE NAME
[root@RedHat ~]#
分析:
a. 再没有插入模块时,没有数据
b. 插入模块时,新建slab,这是数据都是active的,此时对象数目为OBJS = SLABS * OBJ/SLAB = 34*30 = 1020;
c. 随着模块稳定下来, 未使用的对象变为inactive,那么active数目就变味了1000;(与程序相对应)
d. 删除模块后,数据消失