yum命令

最新推荐文章于 2024-11-15 11:54:09 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-11-15 11:54:09 发布

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原文链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/cncaptain/p/7844935.html

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yum客户端：

　　配置文件：

　　　　/etc/yum.conf：为所有仓库提供公共配置
　　　　/etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo：为仓库的指向提供配置

　　仓库指向的定义：
　　[repositoryID]
　　name=Some name for this repository
　　baseurl=url://path/to/repository/
　　enabled={1|0}
　　gpgcheck={1|0}
　　gpgkey=URL
　　enablegroups={1|0}
　　failovermethod={roundrobin|priority}
　　默认为：roundrobin，意为随机挑选；
　　cost=
　　默认为1000z

首先配置yum仓库，以centos7指向网易镜像源为例

进到http://mirrors.163.com

按照操作手册安装yum客户端

yum命令的用法：
yum [options] [command] [package ...]

command is one of:
* install package1 [package2] [...]
* update [package1] [package2] [...]
* update-to [package1] [package2] [...]
* check-update
* upgrade [package1] [package2] [...]
* upgrade-to [package1] [package2] [...]
* distribution-synchronization [package1] [package2] [...]
* remove | erase package1 [package2] [...]
* list [...]
* info [...]
* provides | whatprovides feature1 [feature2] [...]
* clean [ packages | metadata | expire-cache | rpmdb | plugins | all ]
* makecache
* groupinstall group1 [group2] [...]
* groupupdate group1 [group2] [...]
* grouplist [hidden] [groupwildcard] [...]
* groupremove group1 [group2] [...]
* groupinfo group1 [...]
* search string1 [string2] [...]
* shell [filename]
* resolvedep dep1 [dep2] [...]
* localinstall rpmfile1 [rpmfile2] [...]
(maintained for legacy reasons only - use install)
* localupdate rpmfile1 [rpmfile2] [...]
(maintained for legacy reasons only - use update)
* reinstall package1 [package2] [...]
* downgrade package1 [package2] [...]
* deplist package1 [package2] [...]
* repolist [all|enabled|disabled]
* version [ all | installed | available | group-* | nogroups* | grouplist | groupinfo ]
* history [info|list|packages-list|packages-info|summary|addon-info|redo|undo|rollback|new|sync|stats]
* check
* help [command]

显示仓库列表：
repolist [all|enabled|disabled]

#yum repolist all

显示程序包：
list
# yum list [all | glob_exp1] [glob_exp2] [...]
# yum list {available|installed|updates} [glob_exp1] [...]

安装程序包：
install package1 [package2] [...]

reinstall package1 [package2] [...] (重新安装)

#yum install gcc

升级程序包：
update [package1] [package2] [...]

downgrade package1 [package2] [...] (降级)

检查可用升级：
check-update

卸载程序包：
remove | erase package1 [package2] [...]

#yum remove gcc

#yum erase gcc

查看程序包information：
info [...]

#yum info gcc

查看指定的特性(可以是某文件)是由哪个程序包所提供：
provides | whatprovides feature1 [feature2] [...]

#yum provides gcc

#yum clean all

构建缓存：
makecache

#yum makecache

搜索：
search string1 [string2] [...]

#yum search gcc

以指定的关键字搜索程序包名及summary信息；

查看指定包所依赖的capabilities：
deplist package1 [package2] [...]

#yum history list

安装及升级本地程序包：

用yum命令安装rpm包，可以直接用install代替localinstall

* localinstall rpmfile1 [rpmfile2] [...]
(maintained for legacy reasons only - use install)
* localupdate rpmfile1 [rpmfile2] [...]
(maintained for legacy reasons only - use update)

包组管理的相关命令：
* groupinstall group1 [group2] [...]
* groupupdate group1 [group2] [...]
* grouplist [hidden] [groupwildcard] [...]
* groupremove group1 [group2] [...]
* groupinfo group1 [...]

如何使用光盘当作本地yum仓库：
(1) 挂载光盘至某目录，例如/media/cdrom
# mount -r -t iso9660 /dev/cdrom /media/cdrom
(2) 创建配置文件
[CentOS7]
name=
baseurl=
gpgcheck=
enabled=

yum的命令行选项：
--nogpgcheck：禁止进行gpg check；
-y: 自动回答为“yes”；
-q：静默模式；
--disablerepo=repoidglob：临时禁用此处指定的repo；
--enablerepo=repoidglob：临时启用此处指定的repo；
--noplugins：禁用所有插件；

yum的repo配置文件中可用的变量：
$releasever: 当前OS的发行版的主版本号；
$arch: 平台；
$basearch：基础平台；
$YUM0-$YUM9

创建本地yum仓库：
createrepo [options] <directory>

测试：下载rpm包

# wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7.4.1708/os/x86_64/Packages

# cat Packages | awk -F\> '{print $1}' | awk -F= '{print $2}' | awk -F\" '{print "wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7.4.1708/os/x86_64/Packages/"$2}' | grep 'rpm' > downloadrpm.sh

# ./downloadrpm.sh

#createrepo /yum/repo/ 在/yum/repo/下生成repodata
#cd /yum/repo/repodata
#ls

#cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
#vim CentOS7-Base-163.repo 添加本地yum源 [test] name=test baseurl=file:///yum/repo/ gpgcheck=0
#yum makecache 或者#yum repolist

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/cncaptain/p/7844935.html