图书管理系统(一)：出版社列表增加、删除和编辑

最新推荐文章于 2023-09-15 02:15:51 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-09-15 02:15:51 发布

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原文链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/changwoo/p/9568451.html

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步骤一：前提准备
步骤二：创建出版社列表
步骤三：增加出版社
步骤四：删除出版社
步骤五：编辑出版社

步骤一：前提准备

1.安装django： pip install -i http://pypi.douban.com/simple/ django==1.11.11

2.创建一个django项目： Django-admin startproject 项目名(mysite)

3.创建一个app： python3 manage.py startapp 名字(publisher)

4.对项目进行初始化设置：

 
    #settings.py 
   
     INSTALLED_APPS = [ 
   
    'app_publisher'    #把新建app的名字加进去 
   
     ] 
   
     MIDDLEWARE = [ 
   
    #'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',    #注释掉这一行 
   
     ] 
   
     TEMPLATES = [ 
   
     { 
   
        'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')],    #在和html相关的设置中，加入路径，base_dir是项目的根目录，templates是专门设置的放html的文档 
   
     } 
   
     ] 
   
     #修改数据库的设置 
   
    DATABASES = { 
   
        'default': { 
   
            'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql', 
   
            'HOST': '127.0.0.1', 
   
            'PORT': 3306, 
   
            'NAME': 'mysite',    #新建的数据库 
   
            'USER': 'root', 
   
            'PASSWORD': 'ren666666' 
   
        } 
   
    } 
   
    STATIC_URL = '/static/' 
   
    #在这里添加css,js等静态文件的目录 
   
    STATICFILES_DIRS = [ 
   
        os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static') 
   
    ]

 
    #app_publisher/models.py 
   
    #给数据库publisher添加表id和name 
   
    class publisher(models.Model): 
   
        id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True) 
   
        name = models.CharField(null=False, max_length=20)

 
    #mysite/mysite/__init__.py 
   
    #启动pymysql，告诉django用pymysql来代替默认的MySQLdb 
   
    import pymysql 
   
    pymysql.install_as_MySQLdb()

5.数据库设置完成后，运行命令

     python3 manage.py makemigrations    #用小本本将models.py里面的改动记录下来，记录到app1/migrations文件夹下面 
   
     python3 manage.py migrate    #把改动翻译成SQL语句去数据库执行

至此，准备工作完成！

步骤二：创建出版社列表

1.写入函数：

 
    #mysite/urls.py 
   
     from app_publisher import views 
   
     urlpatterns = [ 
   
         url(r'publisher_list', views.publisher_list), 
   
     ]

     #app_publisher/views.py 
   
    from django.shortcuts import render, HttpResponse, redirect 
   
    from app_publisher import models 
   
    def publisher_list(request): 
   
        ret = models.publisher.objects.all().order_by('id')    #获取数据库中的数据，并赋值为ret 
   
        return render(request, 'publisher_list.html', {'publisher_list': ret})    把ret（数据库中的数据）赋值给publisher_list,然后将publisher_list传到publisher_list.html中

2.这个时候就需要一个显示列表的html网页了

 
    #templates.py 
   
     <!DOCTYPE html> 
   
     <html> 
   
     <head> 
   
         <title>出版社列表</title> 
   
     </head> 
   
     <body> 
   
         <a href="/add_publisher/">增加出版社</a> 
   
         <table border='1'> 
   
             <tr> 
   
                 <th>序号</th> 
   
                 <th>id</th> 
   
                 <th>出版社</th> 
   
             </tr> 
   
             #固定格式，for循环来获取传入的数据库中的数据 
   
     {% for publisher in publisher_list %} 
   
            <tr> 
   
                <td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td>    #获得自动的序列 
   
                <td>{{ publisher.id }}</td> 
   
                <td>{{ publisher.name }}</td> 
   
            </tr> 
   
            {% endfor %} 
   
         </table> 
   
     </body> 
   
     </html>

步骤三：设置增加出版社的功能

1.写入函数

     urlpatterns = [ 
   
    url(r'^add_publisher', 
    views 
    .add_publisher), 
   
     ]

     def add_publisher(request): 
   
     error_msg = '' 
   
         if request.method == 'POST': 
   
             ret = request.POST.get('add_name', 
    None) 
   
             if ret: 
   
    models.publisher.objects.create(name=ret).save()    #将增加的数据保存到数据库中 
   
                 return 
    redirect('/publisher_list/') 
   
             else: 
   
    error_msg = '出版社名字不能为空！' 
   
         return render(request, 'add_publisher.html', 
    {'error': error_msg})

2.写入页面：

 
    #templates/add_publisher.html 
   
    <!DOCTYPE html> 
   
    <html> 
   
    <head> 
   
        <title>增加出版社</title> 
   
    </head> 
   
    <body> 
   
        <form action=" 
    /add_publisher/ 
    " method=" 
    post 
    "> 
   
            <input type="text" name="add_name"><br> 
   
            <input type=" 
    submit 
    " value="提交"> 
   
        </form> 
   
        <p> 
    {{ error }} 
    </p> 
   
    </body> 
   
    </html>

效果演示：

publisher_list:

add_publisher:

publisher_list:

步骤四：删除出版社

1.写入函数：

     url(r'^delete_publisher/', views.delete_publisher), 
   

     def delete_publisher(request): 
   
         ret = request.GET.get('id', None) 
   
         if ret: 
   
             models.publisher.objects. 
    get(id=ret). 
    delete() 
   
             return 
    redirect('/publisher_list/') 
   
         else: 
   
             return HttpResponse('要删除的数据不存在')

2.在publisher_list.html文件中增加删除内容：

     <!DOCTYPE html> 
   
     <html> 
   
     <head> 
   
         <title>出版社列表</title> 
   
     </head> 
   
     <body> 
   
         <a href="/add_publisher/">增加出版社</a> 
   
         <table border='1'> 
   
             <tr> 
   
                 <th>序号</th> 
   
                 <th>id</th> 
   
                 <th>出版社</th> 
   
    <th>操作</th> 
   
             </tr> 
   
             {% for publisher in publisher_list %} 
   
             <tr> 
   
                 <td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td> 
   
                 <td>{{ publisher.id }}</td> 
   
                 <td>{{ publisher.name }}</td> 
   
                 <td>< 
    a href=' 
    /delete_publisher/?id={{ publisher.id }}'>删除</ 
    a></td> 
   
             </tr> 
   
             {% endfor %} 
   
         </table> 
   
     </body> 
   
     </html>

步骤五：编辑出版社

1.写入函数：

     url(r'^edit_publisher/', views.edit_publisher), 
   

     def edit_publisher(request): 
   
             ret = request.GET.get('id', None) 
   
             if ret: 
   
                 edit_data = models.publisher.objects.get(id=ret) 
   
                 return render(request, 'edit_publisher.html', {'publisher': edit_data}) 
   
             new_name = request.POST.get('edit_name', None) 
   
             ret = request.POST.get('id', None) 
   
             if ret: 
   
                 publisher = models.publisher.objects.get(id=ret) 
   
                 publisher.name = new_name 
   
                 publisher.save() 
   
                 return redirect('/publisher_list/')

2.在publisher_list.html文件中增加修改内容：

 
    <td><a href='/edit_publisher/?id={{ publisher.id }}'>修改</a></td> 
   

3.写edit_publisher.html文件:

     <!DOCTYPE html> 
   
     <html> 
   
     <head> 
   
         <title>修改出版社</title> 
   
     </head> 
   
     <body> 
   
         <h1>修改出版社</h1> 
   
         <form action="/edit_publisher/" method="post"> 
   
             <input type="text" name='id' value="{{ publisher.id}}" style='display:none'> 
   
             <input type="text" name="edit_name" value="{{ publisher.name }}"> 
   
             <input type="submit" value="提交"> 
   
         </form> 
   
         <p>{{ error }}</p> 
   
     </body> 
   
     </html>