背景:
使用httpClient请求某登录型网站,模拟一个操作,一般步骤一个httpclient模式登录-》httpClient模拟操作;
此时发现,每次操作都需要进行一次登录,极其浪费时间,是否可以通过某一方式进行一次登录多次操作,这里提供一种方式,带cookie登录。
登录获取cookie:
public String loginModel(String username, String password) { String JSESSIONID = null; HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost(url);//httppost try { List<NameValuePair> para = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(); para.add(new BasicNameValuePair("password", password)); para.add(new BasicNameValuePair("username", username));//构造表单 httppost.setHeader( "User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/41.0.2272.118 Safari/537.36"); httppost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(para, "utf-8"));//设置请求体 BasicCookieStore cookieStore = new BasicCookieStore();//建立一个CookieStore CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom().setDefaultCookieStore(cookieStore).build();//建立带cookie的httpClient int statuts_codes = httpClient.execute(httppost).getStatusLine().getStatusCode();//发送请求,发送成功后cookie将存在于cookieStore中 if (statuts_codes == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {//请求成功 List<Cookie> cookies = cookieStore.getCookies();//遍历获取需要的值 for (int i = 0; i < cookies.size(); i++) {//获取JSESSIONID if (cookies.get(i).getName().equals("id")) { JSESSIONID = cookies.get(i).getValue(); } } cookieMap.put("JSESSIONID", JSESSIONID); } else {//请求失败 } } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException ex) { } catch (IOException ex) { } finally { httppost.releaseConnection();//释放资源 } return cookieMap.get("JSESSIONID"); }
创建带有cookie的HttpClient
public CloseableHttpClient getHttpClients(String username, String password) { BasicCookieStore cookieStore = new BasicCookieStore(); HttpClientBuilder httpClientBuilder = HttpClientBuilder.create(); String JSESSIONID = loginModel(username, password); BasicClientCookie cookie = new BasicClientCookie("JSESSIONID", JSESSIONID); cookie.setVersion(0); String domain = Constant.HOOK_URL.substring(0, Constant.HOOK_URL.indexOf(":")); if (Constant.HOOK_URL.startsWith("http://")) { domain = Constant.HOOK_URL.substring(Constant.HOOK_URL.lastIndexOf("/") + 1, Constant.HOOK_URL.lastIndexOf(":")); } cookie.setDomain(domain); cookie.setPath(Constant.HOOK_FW); cookieStore.addCookie(cookie); //带有cookie的httpclient return httpClientBuilder.setDefaultCookieStore(cookieStore).build(); }
使用:
public void useCookieHttpClient() { CloseableHttpClient httpClient = getHttpClients(user, pass); HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost(url2); List<NameValuePair> para = new ArrayList<>();//表单 para.add("键", "值"); httppost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(para, "utf-8")); httppost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(para, "utf-8")); CloseableHttpResponse res = httpClient.execute(httppost); int statuts_codes = res.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(); if (statuts_codes == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {//请求成功 String result = EntityUtils.toString(res.getEntity(), "utf-8");//返回值 } }