php批量生成测试用例,PHP 白盒测试工具 simpletest

官网  http://simpletest.org/

Php单元测试工具simpletest

一 总览

什么是simpletest

simpletest

是一个用PHP编写的开源项目

这个项目的目的是使PHP开发者

方便快捷的对自己的代码进行单元测试

所有代码用PHP编写

开发者可以根据自己的需要对其经行修改扩展

simpletest 可以

1.单元测试

2.MOCK测试  伪装虚拟测试环境

3.页面测试

测试可以通过WEB应用访问:

也可以用命令行:

二.单元测试

下载源码后 解压到web服务器能访问到的地方

第一个测试程序

第一行 引用simpletest/autorun.php文件 加载所有用到的测试类

以及框架性代码

第三行 创建测试类  这个类要继承自 UnitTestCase

类中的方法 只要以 test 开头就会按顺序自动执行

上面的例子没有实际意义

下面给个有意义的例子

这里引入了一个 user.php的文件 定义了User类

两个测试用例(方法)

function test_user_name()  中  $this->assertIsA($name, 'string'); 用来测试返回的名字 name

是否为一个string类型

function test_user_sex_male()

中 $this->assertTrue($user->isMale());用来测试返回值是否为True

这里我们修改下程序

结果如下

可调用的默认测试用例列表如下

Here is the base list...

assertTrue($x)

Fail unless $x evaluates true

assertFalse($x)

Fail unless $x evaluates false

assertNull($x)

Fail unless $x is not set

assertNotNull($x)

Fail unless $x is set to something

assertIsA($x, $t)

Fail unless $x is the class or type $t

assertNotA($x, $t)

Fail unless $x is not the class or type $t

assertEqual($x, $y)

Fail unless $x == $y is true

assertNotEqual($x, $y)

Fail unless $x == $y is false

assertWithinMargin($x, $y, $margin)

Fail unless $x and $y are separated less than $margin

assertOutsideMargin($x, $y, $margin)

Fail unless $x and $y are sufficiently different

assertIdentical($x, $y)

Fail unless $x === $y for variables, $x == $y for objects of

the same type

assertNotIdentical($x, $y)

Fail unless $x === $y is false, or two objects are unequal or

different types

assertReference($x, $y)

Fail unless $x and $y are the same variable

assertCopy($x, $y)

Fail unless $x and $y are the different in any way

assertSame($x, $y)

Fail unless $x and $y are the same objects

assertClone($x, $y)

Fail unless $x and $y are identical, but separate objects

assertPattern($p, $x)

Fail unless the regex $p matches $x

assertNoPattern($p, $x)

Fail if the regex $p matches $x

expectError($e)

Triggers a fail if this error does not happen before the end of

the test

expectException($e)

Triggers a fail if this exception is not thrown before the end

of the test

具体实现可以查看源码

有的时候上面的方法不能满足需求

比如要及收入一个测试指定文件是否存在的测试用例 这是可以对框架进行扩展

如下

require_once('simpletest/autorun.php');

class FileTester extends UnitTestCase {

function FileTester($name = false) {

$this->UnitTestCase($name);

}

function assertFileExists($filename, $message = '%s') {

$this->assertTrue(

file_exists($filename),

sprintf($message, 'File [$filename] existence check'));

}

}

但纯的这样写 simpletest 会把这个类当做测试用例来处理

这种情况两种处理方法

1.将这个类变为 抽象类 abstract

2.SimpleTestOptions::ignore('FileTester'); 将这段代码嵌入程序中

之后就可以用自己编写的测试用例了

class FileTestCase extends FileTester {

function setUp() {

@unlink('../temp/test.txt');

}

function tearDown() {

@unlink('../temp/test.txt');

}

function testCreation() {

$writer = &new FileWriter('../temp/test.txt');

$writer->write('Hello');$this->assertFileExists('../temp/test.txt');

}

}

除了写test方法  调用测试用例外

还可以继承/使用 UnitTestCase

一些框架性函数

setUp()

Runs this before each test method

tearDown()

Runs this after each test method

pass()

Sends a test pass

fail()

Sends a test failure

error()

Sends an exception event

signal($type, $payload)

Sends a user defined message to the test reporter

dump($var)

Does a

formattedprint_r()for

quick and dirty debugging

三.组测试

上面是一个个测试  我们可以把很多测试用例集合在一起形成一个测试组

继承类

TestSuite

代码:

也可以用

来收集指定文件下 的测试用例

四.Mock Test /Mock Object

有的时候测试需要搭建一个很大的测试环境

比如说 数据库 我们需要读取 / 修改 数据库数据 这样要先建立数据库,插入测试数据才能进行测试

这样mock test 就诞生了 mock test 虚拟的环境代替真实环境 用较小的代价实现测试目的

比如

数据库连接

class DatabaseConnection {

function DatabaseConnection() { }

function query($sql) { }

function selectQuery($sql) { }

}

下面用simpletest 建立一个mock object:

这个方法创建一个假的数据库连接类

class MockDatabaseConnection extends DatabaseConnection {

public $mock;

protected $mocked_methods = array('databaseconnection', 'query', 'selectquery');

function MockDatabaseConnection() {

$this->mock = new SimpleMock();

$this->mock->disableExpectationNameChecks();

}

...

function DatabaseConnection() {

$args = func_get_args();

$result = &$this->mock->invoke("DatabaseConnection", $args);

return $result;

}

function query($sql) {

$args = func_get_args();

$result = &$this->mock->invoke("query", $args);

return $result;

}

function selectQuery($sql) {

$args = func_get_args();

$result = &$this->mock->invoke("selectQuery", $args);

return $result;

}

}

使用

require_once('simpletest/autorun.php');

require_once('database_connection.php');

Mock::generate('DatabaseConnection');

class MyTestCase extends UnitTestCase {

function testSomething() {

$connection = new MockDatabaseConnection();

}

}

我们可以修改其中的返回值

$connection->returns('query', 37)//所有调用query 均返回37

require_once('simpletest/autorun.php');

require_once('database_connection.php');

Mock::generate('DatabaseConnection');

或者

class Iterator {

function Iterator() { }

function next() { }

}

Mock::generate('Iterator');

class IteratorTest extends UnitTestCase() {

function testASequence() {$iterator = new MockIterator();

$iterator->returns('next', false); //所有调用返回

$iterator->returnsAt(0, 'next', 'First string');//第一次调用返回

$iterator->returnsAt(1, 'next', 'Second string');//第二次调用返回

...

}

}

$config = &new MockConfiguration();

$config->returns('get', 'primary', array('db_host')); //第一个参数 是db_host 返回 primary

$config->returns('get', 'admin', array('db_user'));

$config->returns('get', 'secret', array('db_password'));

五.页面测试

单元测试固然重要

但WEB开发最终还是看页面

所有的WEB页面实际上是一堆 数据 这样使简单的WEB测试成为可能

class TestOfLastcraft extends WebTestCase {

}

class TestOfLastcraft extends WebTestCase {

function testHomepage() {

$this->assertTrue($this->get('http://www.lastcraft.com/'));

}

}

get方法 如果页面有返回内容 则返回true 注意 类似404 get方法也会返回true 次方法是获取页面的入口方法 必须首先调用

class TestOfLastcraft extends WebTestCase {

function testHomepage() {$this->get('http://www.lastcraft.com/');

$this->assertText('Why the last craft');//判断是否包含这个字符串

}

}

Here is the list of possible content assertions...

assertTitle($title)

Pass if title is an exact match

assertText($text)

Pass if matches visible and "alt" text

assertNoText($text)

Pass if doesn't match visible and "alt" text

assertPattern($pattern)

A Perl pattern match against the page content

assertNoPattern($pattern)

A Perl pattern match to not find content

assertLink($label)

Pass if a link with this text is present

assertNoLink($label)

Pass if no link with this text is present

assertLinkById($id)

Pass if a link with this id attribute is present

assertNoLinkById($id)

Pass if no link with this id attribute is present

assertField($name, $value)

Pass if an input tag with this name has this value

assertFieldById($id, $value)

Pass if an input tag with this id has this value

assertResponse($codes)

Pass if HTTP response matches this list

assertMime($types)

Pass if MIME type is in this list

assertAuthentication($protocol)

Pass if the current challenge is this protocol

assertNoAuthentication()

Pass if there is no current challenge

assertRealm($name)

Pass if the current challenge realm matches

assertHeader($header, $content)

Pass if a header was fetched matching this value

assertNoHeader($header)

Pass if a header was not fetched

assertCookie($name, $value)

Pass if there is currently a matching cookie

assertNoCookie($name)

Pass if there is currently no cookie of this name

$this->assertMime(array('text/plain', 'text/html'));

$this->assertResponse(200);

交互:

getUrl()

The current location

get($url, $parameters)

Send a GET request with these parameters

post($url, $parameters)

Send a POST request with these parameters

head($url, $parameters)

Send a HEAD request without replacing the page content

retry()

Reload the last request

back()

Like the browser back button

forward()

Like the browser forward button

authenticate($name, $password)

Retry after a challenge

restart()

Restarts the browser as if a new session

getCookie($name)

Gets the cookie value for the current context

ageCookies($interval)

Ages current cookies prior to a restart

clearFrameFocus()

Go back to treating all frames as one page

clickSubmit($label)

Click the first button with this label

clickSubmitByName($name)

Click the button with this name attribute

clickSubmitById($id)

Click the button with this ID attribute

clickImage($label, $x, $y)

Click an input tag of type image by title or alt text

clickImageByName($name, $x, $y)

Click an input tag of type image by name

clickImageById($id, $x, $y)

Click an input tag of type image by ID attribute

submitFormById($id)

Submit a form without the submit value

clickLink($label, $index)

Click an anchor by the visible label text

clickLinkById($id)

Click an anchor by the ID attribute

getFrameFocus()

The name of the currently selected frame

setFrameFocusByIndex($choice)

Focus on a frame counting from 1

setFrameFocus($name)

Focus on a frame by name

请求修改

getTransportError()

The last socket error

showRequest()

Dump the outgoing request

showHeaders()

Dump the incoming headers

showSource()

Dump the raw HTML page content

ignoreFrames()

Do not load framesets

setCookie($name, $value)

Set a cookie from now on

addHeader($header)

Always add this header to the request

setMaximumRedirects($max)

Stop after this many redirects

setConnectionTimeout($timeout)

Kill the connection after this time between bytes

useProxy($proxy, $name, $password)

Make requests via this proxy URL