导入 mysql 的jar包
jar包:可以直接拿来用,又不想我们看到源代码
sql语句 一定注意:当update,delete时 一定注意where 条件,一定要写!!!
public static void add() {
// try catch 捕获异常,try有异常会跳到catch
Connection con = null;
try {
// 1.选择要连接哪一种数据库---JDBC加载数据库驱动
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
// 2.创建链接(主机名,端口号,用户名,密码)---url包含主机名+端口号+数据库
con = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/yyy", "root", "123456");
// 3.选择操作的数据库--此动作在上一步的url中集成
// 4.创建命令窗口 写 sql语句
PreparedStatement pstmt = con.prepareStatement("insert into zhuce (name,password,sex,id) value(?,?,?,?)");
pstmt.setString(1, "8888");
pstmt.setString(2, "8888");
pstmt.setString(3, "F");
pstmt.setString(4, "8888");
// 5.运行sql语句 ,查看结果---增删改调用executeUpdate 返回受影响的行数;查询调用 executeQuery
// 返回查询结果集
int result = pstmt.executeUpdate();
System.out.println(result);
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
if (con != null) {
con.close();
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
public static void main (String[] args){
add();
}
以上是add方法,update和delete方法只是改变了sql语句
update://根据主键查询
PreparedStatement pstmt = con.prepareStatement("update zhuce set sex=?,id=? where name=? and password=?");
pstmt.setString(1, "M");
pstmt.setString(2, "2222");
pstmt.setString(3, "2222");
pstmt.setString(4, "1111");
delete://删除主键
PreparedStatement pstmt = con.prepareStatement("delete from zhuce where name=?and password=?");
pstmt.setString(1, "8888");
pstmt.setString(2, "8888");
JDBC的封装
将1,2步 close sql语句的输出 进行封装
public class JdbcUtil {
public static Connection getConnection(){
Connection con =null;
try {
//1.加载驱动
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
//2.创建连接
con=DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/yyy", "root", "123456");
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return con;
}
public static void close(Connection con){
try {
if(con!=null){
con.close();
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static int executeUpdate(String sql,Object[] params){
Connection con = getConnection();
int result =0;
try {
PreparedStatement pstmt = con.prepareStatement(sql);
if(params!=null){
for(int i=0;i<params.length;i++){
pstmt.setObject(i+1, params[i]);
}
}
result = pstmt.executeUpdate();
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
close(con);
}
return result;
}
}
JAVABEAN
又叫 bean 等
跟数据库里面的表发生映射
package com.neuedu.bean;
import com.sun.org.apache.xml.internal.security.Init;
public class Student {
private Integer sid;
private String sname;
private Integer age;
private Integer sex;
//这四句代码就是javabean
public Integer getSid() {
return sid;
}
public void setSid(Integer sid) {
this.sid = sid;
}
public String getSname() {
return sname;
}
public void setSname(String sname) {
this.sname = sname;
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
public Integer getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(Integer sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
public Student(Integer sid, String sname, Integer age, Integer sex) {
super();
this.sid = sid;
this.sname = sname;
this.age = age;
this.sex = sex;
}
public Student() {
super();
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Student [sid=" + sid + ", sname=" + sname + ", age=" + age + ", sex=" + sex + "]";
}
}
简化
使用动态数组
//一个方法中只能有一个动态参数
//动态参数必须位于参数列表的最后一个
将之前object[] 改成 动态数组 object...
public static int executeUpdate(String sql,Object... params)
增删改 方法简化
public static int update(Student student){
return JdbcUtil.executeUpdate("update student set sname=?,age=?,sex=? where sid=?",student.getSname(),student.getAge(),student.getSex(),student.getSid());
}
public static int add(Student student) {
return JdbcUtil.executeUpdate("insert into student (sid,sname,age,sex) values(?,?,?,?)", student.getSid(),student.getSname(),student.getAge(),student.getSex());
}
public static int delete(int id){
return JdbcUtil.executeUpdate("delete from student where sid=?", id);
}
查询不适合用数组,因为不知道有多少数据;用集合,集合有两种
ArrayList,LinkedList
基于
ArrayList(Vector,ArrayList)适合查询,而LinkedList(链表)适合添加,删除操作。
用到 游标 的操作:rs.next() ,判断有没有下一行数据,有的话 游标推到下一行,并返回true ;反之 返回false 。 首先从最上面开始
第一次调用rs.next() 就会调用首行的下一行,也就是第一行数据
public static List<Student> getStudents(){
Connection con = null;
List<Student> list = new ArrayList<>();
try {
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
con=DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/yyy", "root", "123456");
PreparedStatement pstmt = con.prepareStatement("select * from student");
ResultSet rs = pstmt.executeQuery();
while(rs.next()){
Student student=new Student();
student.setSid(rs.getInt("sid"));
student.setSname(rs.getString("sname"));
student.setSname(rs.getString("age"));
student.setSname(rs.getString("sex"));
list.add(student);
}
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
try {
if(con!=null){
con.close();
}
} catch (Exception e2) {
// TODO: handle exception
}
}
return list;
}
}
public static void main (String[] args){
List<Student> students=getStudents();
System.out.println(students);
}