Newtonsoft.Json
序列化踩坑之 IEnumerable
Intro
Newtonsoft.Json
是 .NET 下最受欢迎 JSON 操作库,使用起来也是非常方便,有时候也可能会不小心就踩坑了,这次就踩了一个,坑是这样的,如果要序列化的对象实现了 IEnumerable
接口,Newtonsoft.Json
就会认为这个对象是一个数组。。然后遍历这个对象,输出其中的值,如果是一个自定义的类型而且还有其他属性,其他属性就会被忽略,序列化之后就会发生数据丢失。
问题代码
在我的公用类库 WeihanLi.Common 有一个分页列表的Model:
在 1.0.21及之前版本是这样定义的 源码
using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
namespace WeihanLi.Common.Models
{
/// <summary>
/// IPagedListModel
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T">Type</typeparam>
public interface IPagedListModel<out T> : IReadOnlyList<T>
{
/// <summary>
/// Data
/// </summary>
IReadOnlyList<T> Data { get; }
/// <summary>
/// PageNumber
/// </summary>
int PageNumber { get; }
/// <summary>
/// PageSize
/// </summary>
int PageSize { get; }
/// <summary>
/// TotalDataCount
/// </summary>
int TotalCount { get; set; }
}
/// <inheritdoc />
/// <summary>
/// 分页Model
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T">Type</typeparam>
[Serializable]
public class PagedListModel<T> : IPagedListModel<T>
{
public IReadOnlyList<T> Data { get; set; }
private int _pageNumber = 1;
public int PageNumber
{
get => _pageNumber;
set
{
if (value > 0)
{
_pageNumber = value;
}
}
}
private int _pageSize = 10;
public int PageSize
{
get => _pageSize;
set
{
if (value > 0)
{
_pageSize = value;
}
}
}
private int _totalCount;
public int TotalCount
{
get => _totalCount;
set
{
if (value > 0)
{
_totalCount = value;
}
}
}
public int PageCount => Convert.ToInt32(Math.Ceiling(_totalCount * 1.0 / _pageSize));
public IEnumerator<T> GetEnumerator()
{
return Data.GetEnumerator();
}
IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator()
{
return Data.GetEnumerator();
}
public T this[int index] => Data[index];
public int Count => Data.Count;
}
}
上面的这种定义相当于实现了 IEnumerable 接口,之所以实现这个接口,是因为可以直接遍历这个对象,不需要遍历这个对象的Data 属性上遍历,但是这样序列化的时候就会有问题, PageNumber/PageSize/TotalPage 之类的信息序列化时就会丢失
Solution
不要实现 IEnumerable
接口就可以了,修改后的代码如下所示:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
namespace WeihanLi.Common.Models
{
/// <summary>
/// IPagedListModel
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T">Type</typeparam>
public interface IPagedListModel<out T>
{
/// <summary>
/// Data
/// </summary>
IReadOnlyList<T> Data { get; }
/// <summary>
/// PageNumber
/// </summary>
int PageNumber { get; }
/// <summary>
/// PageSize
/// </summary>
int PageSize { get; }
/// <summary>
/// TotalDataCount
/// </summary>
int TotalCount { get; set; }
}
/// <inheritdoc />
/// <summary>
/// 分页Model
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T">Type</typeparam>
[Serializable]
public class PagedListModel<T> : IPagedListModel<T>
{
public IReadOnlyList<T> Data { get; set; }
private int _pageNumber = 1;
public int PageNumber
{
get => _pageNumber;
set
{
if (value > 0)
{
_pageNumber = value;
}
}
}
private int _pageSize = 10;
public int PageSize
{
get => _pageSize;
set
{
if (value > 0)
{
_pageSize = value;
}
}
}
private int _totalCount;
public int TotalCount
{
get => _totalCount;
set
{
if (value > 0)
{
_totalCount = value;
}
}
}
public int PageCount => Convert.ToInt32(Math.Ceiling(_totalCount * 1.0 / _pageSize));
public T this[int index] => Data[index];
public int Count => Data.Count;
}
}
Test
写个示例测试一下,原来的代码类型改为 PagedListModel1 ,测试代码如下:
PagedListModel1:
using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
namespace DotNetCoreSample.Test
{
public class PagedListModel1<T> : IEnumerable<T>
{
public IReadOnlyList<T> Data { get; set; }
private int _pageNumber = 1;
public int PageNumber
{
get => _pageNumber;
set
{
if (value > 0)
{
_pageNumber = value;
}
}
}
private int _pageSize = 10;
public int PageSize
{
get => _pageSize;
set
{
if (value > 0)
{
_pageSize = value;
}
}
}
private int _totalCount;
public int TotalCount
{
get => _totalCount;
set
{
if (value > 0)
{
_totalCount = value;
}
}
}
public int PageCount => Convert.ToInt32(Math.Ceiling(_totalCount * 1.0 / _pageSize));
public T this[int index] => Data[index];
public int Count => Data.Count;
public IEnumerator<T> GetEnumerator()
{
return Data.GetEnumerator();
}
IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator()
{
return Data.GetEnumerator();
}
}
}
测试代码:
var pagedListModel = new PagedListModel<int>()
{
PageNumber = 2, PageSize = 2, TotalCount = 6, Data = new int[] {1, 2},
};
var pagedListModel1 = new PagedListModel1<int>()
{
PageNumber = 2,
PageSize = 2,
TotalCount = 6,
Data = new int[] { 1, 2 },
};
Console.WriteLine($"pagedListModel:{JsonConvert.SerializeObject(pagedListModel)}, pagedListModel1:{JsonConvert.SerializeObject(pagedListModel1)}");
output:
pagedListModel:{"Data":[1,2],"PageNumber":2,"PageSize":2,"TotalCount":6,"PageCount":3,"Count":2}, pagedListModel1:[1,2]
可以看到实现了 IEnumerable 接口的那个类序列化之后一些属性丢失了
Research
查看 Newtonsoft.Json
源码 https://github.com/JamesNK/Newtonsoft.Json
,找到为什么实现了 IEnumerable
接口就会有问题,最后找到了这里 https://github.com/JamesNK/Newtonsoft.Json/blob/master/Src/Newtonsoft.Json/Serialization/DefaultContractResolver.cs#L1218
可以看到只要实现了 IEnumerable
接口,就会被当作是一个Json 数组,foreach 遍历其中的元素,其他属性就会被忽略掉了,这就是为什么上面我们实现了 IEnumerable
接口的对象序列化之后发生属性丢失的原因。