配置MySQL实现主主互备模式并利用keepalived实现双主高可用

每台主机均需安装keepalived，mysql，安装过程这里不多介绍，不懂的可自行百度。

本次配置的环境为

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   DB1：192.168.31.190                DB2：192.168.31.184        MySQL VIP：192.168.31.189 

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1、修改MySQL配置文件

首先修改DB1的/etc/my.cnf配置文件，在"[mysqld]"段中添加一下内容：

              server-id = 1
              log-bin=mysql-bin
              relay-log = mysql-relay-bin
              replicate-wild-ignore-table=mysql.%
              replicate-wild-ignore-table=test.%
              replicate-wild-ignore-table=information_schema.%

然后修改DB2主机/etc/my.cnf配置文件,在"[mysqld]"段添加一下内容:

               server-id = 2
               log-bin=mysql-bin
               relay-log = mysql-relay-bin
               replicate-wild-ignore-table=mysql.%
               replicate-wild-ignore-table=test.%
               replicate-wild-ignore-table=information_schema.%

2、手动同步数据库

DB1和DB2数据需要保持同步，在DB1上执行操作

mysql> FLUSH TABLES WITH READ LOCK;
Query OK,0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
#然后不要退出终端，重开一个终端，执行一下命令
# cd /var/lib/
# tar zcvf mysql.tar.gz mysql
# scp mysql.tar.gz DB2:/var/lib/

将数据传输到DB2后解压覆盖然后依次重启DB1和DB2上的MySQL

3、创建复制用户并授权

在DB1MySQL执行如下操作：

mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'repl_user'@'192.168.31.184' identified by 'repl_passwd';
mysql> show master status;

然后在DB2的MySQL将DB1设为自己的主服务器，操作如下：

mysql> change master to \
    -> master_host='192.168.31.190',
    -> master_user='repl_user',
    -> master_password='repl_passwd',
    -> master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',
    -> master_log_pos=106;
#接着启动slave服务
mysql> start slave；
#查看slave运行状态
mysql> show slave status\G;

到这里，从DB1到DB2的MySQL主从复制已经完成，接下来配置DB2到DB1的mysql主从复制，过程和上面完全一样，在DB2的MySQL创建复制用户：

mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'repl_user'@'192.168.31.190' identified by 'repl_passwd';
mysql> show master status;

然后在DB1的MySQL将DB2设为自己的主服务器：

mysql> change master to \
    -> master_host='192.168.31.184',
    -> master_user='repl_user',
    -> master_password='repl_passwd',
    -> master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',
    -> master_log_pos=436;

mysql> start slave；
mysql> show slave status\G;

接着启动slave服务。至此，MySQL双主模式的主从复制配置完毕。

4、配置keepalived实现MySQL双主高可用

首先在DB1上配置/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf，内容如下

global_defs {
   notification_email {
acassen@firewall.loc
failover@firewall.loc
sysadmin@firewall.loc
   }
   notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
   smtp_server 192.168.200.1
   smtp_connect_timeout 30
   router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
vrrp_script check_mysqld {
script  "/etc/keepalived/mysqlcheck/check_slave.pl 127.0.0.1"#检测mysql复制状态脚本
interval 2
weight 21
}
vrrp_instance HA_1 {
    state BACKUP   #在DB1和DB2均为BACKUP
    interface eth1
    virtual_router_id 80
    priority 100
    advert_int 2
    nopreempt   #不抢占模式，只在优先级高的机器设置
    authentication {
         auth_type PASS
         auth_pass qweasdzxc
   track_script {
   check_mysqld
   }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.31.189/24 dev eth1  #mysql对外服务IP，即VIP
    }
    }

其中，/etc/keepalived/mysqlcheck/check_slave.pl文件的内容如下：

#!/usr/bin/perl -w
use DBI;
use DBD::mysql;
#CONFIG VARIABLES
$SBM = 120;
$db = "ixdba";
$host = $ARGV[0];
$port = 3306;
$user = "root";
$pw = "915389546";
#SQL query
$query = "show slave status";
$dbh = DBI->connect("DBI:mysql:$db:$host:$port",$user,$pw,{ RaiseError => 0,PrintError => 0 });
if (!defined($dbh)) {
   exit 1;
}
$sqlQuery = $dbh->prepare($query);
$sqlQuery->execute;
$Slave_IO_Running = "";
$Slave_SQL_Running = "";
$Seconds_Behind_Master = "";
while (my $ref = $sqlQuery->fetchrow_hashref()) {
     $Slave_IO_Running = $ref->{'Slave_IO_Running'};
     $Slave_SQL_Running = $ref->{'Slave_SQL_Running'};
     $Seconds_Behind_Master = $ref->{'Second_Behind_Master'};
}
$sqlQuery->finish;
$dbh->disconnect();
if ( $Slave_IO_Running eq "NO" || $Slave_SQL_Running eq "NO" ) {
   exit 1;
} else {
   if ( $Seconds_Behind__Master > $SBM) {
     exit 1;
   }  else {
          exit 0;
   }
}

接着将keepalived和check_slave.pl复制到DB2服务器上对应的位置，然后将keepalived文件中的priority值修改为90，还需去掉nopreempt选项，然后分别在DB1和DB2上启动keepalived服务。

5、测试主从同步功能

首先从第三台服务器远程登录VIP为“192.168.31.188“的数据库，操作过程如下：

[root@localhost~]#mysql -uroot -p -h 192.168.31.188
Enter password:

MySQL [(none)]> show variables like "%hostname%";
+---------------+----------------+
| Variable_name | Value          |
+---------------+----------------+
| hostname      | DB1            |
+---------------+----------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
MySQL [(none)]> show variables like "%server_id%";
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| server_id     | 1     |
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
#可以看到成功通过VIP登录，并且登录了DB1服务器。
#接下来测试复制数据功能
MySQL [(none)]> create database repldb;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.12 sec)
MySQL [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |               
| mysql              |
| repldb             |
| test               |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.01 sec)
MySQL [(none)]> use repldb;
Database changed
MySQL [repldb]> create table repl_table(id int,email varchar(80),password varchar(40) not null);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
MySQL [repldb]> show tables;
+------------------+
| Tables_in_repldb |
+------------------+
| repl_table       |
+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
MySQL [repldb]> insert into repl_table (id,email,password) values(1,"xiaoming@qq.com","123456");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

然后登录DB2主机的MySQL查看，可以发现数据实现了同步。

6、故障转移测试

首先远程通过VIP地址登录MySQL系统，不要退出这个连接，然后在DB1服务器的MySQL命令行执行如下操作：

mysql>slave stop;

然后回到远程连接的MySQL数据库执行如下操作：

MySQL [(none)]> show variables like "%hostname%";
+---------------+----------------+
| Variable_name | Value          |
+---------------+----------------+
| hostname      | DB2            |
+---------------+----------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
MySQL [(none)]> show variables like "%server_id%";
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| server_id     | 2     |
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

可以发现在DB1发现故障之后MySQL服务从DB1切换到了DB2服务器，至此，所有配置完成。

 

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/huangxs/p/8043486.html