etcd 简介与单节点安装

简介

etcd是使用go语言编写的一种分布式键值存储，旨在可靠、快速地保存和提供对关键数据的访问。通过分布式锁、leader选举和写保障实现可靠的分布式协调。etcd集群用于高可用、持久化数据存储和检索,其重点在于

• 简单:良好定义的，面向用户的API (gRPC)
• 安全： 带有可选客户端证书认证的自动TLS
• 快速:测试验证，每秒10000写入
• 可靠:使用Raft适当分布

特性

• 简单的接口
  • 基于HTTP+JSON的API让你用curl就可以轻松使用
• 键值存储
• watch改变
  • 观察特定键或目录的更改，并对值的更改做出反应

应用场景

• 服务发现（Service Discovery）
• 消息发布与订阅
• 负载均衡
• 分布式通知与协调
• 分布式锁、分布式队列
• 集群监控与Leader竞选

单节点安装

• 安装go环境

  [root@node1 ~]# yum install go

• 下载、解压软件包

  [root@node1 ~]# wget https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/download/v3.3.13/etcd-v3.3.13-linux-amd64.tar.gz
  [root@node1 ~]# tar -zxvf etcd-v3.3.13-linux-amd64.tar.gz
  [root@node1 etcd-v3.3.13-linux-amd64]# ls
  Documentation  etcd  etcdctl  README-etcdctl.md  README.md  READMEv2-etcdctl.md
  
  etcd 是server端  etcdctl是client端

• 创建软链

  [root@node1 etcd-v3.3.13-linux-amd64]# ln -s /root/etcd-v3.3.13-linux-amd64/etcd /usr/local/sbin/etcd
  [root@node1 etcd-v3.3.13-linux-amd64]# ln -s /root/etcd-v3.3.13-linux-amd64/etcdctl /usr/local/sbin/etcdctl
  [root@node1 etcd-v3.3.13-linux-amd64]# ls -l /usr/local/sbin/
  total 0
  lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 35 Jun  4 03:00 etcd -> /root/etcd-v3.3.13-linux-amd64/etcd
  lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 38 Jun  4 03:01 etcdctl -> /root/etcd-v3.3.13-linux-amd64/etcdctl
  [root@node1 etcd-v3.3.13-linux-amd64]# 

• 启动

  [root@node1 ~]# etcd
  2019-06-04 03:04:22.580594 I | etcdmain: etcd Version: 3.3.13
  2019-06-04 03:04:22.580771 I | etcdmain: Git SHA: 98d3084
  2019-06-04 03:04:22.580798 I | etcdmain: Go Version: go1.10.8
  2019-06-04 03:04:22.580816 I | etcdmain: Go OS/Arch: linux/amd64
  2019-06-04 03:04:22.580831 I | etcdmain: setting maximum number of CPUs to 1, total number of available CPUs is 1
  2019-06-04 03:04:22.580872 W | etcdmain: no data-dir provided, using default data-dir ./default.etcd
  2019-06-04 03:04:22.580990 N | etcdmain: the server is already initialized as member before, starting as etcd member...
  2019-06-04 03:04:22.583838 I | embed: listening for peers on http://localhost:2380
  2019-06-04 03:04:22.584468 I | embed: listening for client requests on localhost:2379
  2019-06-04 03:04:22.586968 I | etcdserver: name = default
  2019-06-04 03:04:22.587005 I | etcdserver: data dir = default.etcd
  2019-06-04 03:04:22.587021 I | etcdserver: member dir = default.etcd/member
  2019-06-04 03:04:22.587033 I | etcdserver: heartbeat = 100ms
  2019-06-04 03:04:22.587045 I | etcdserver: election = 1000ms
  2019-06-04 03:04:22.587057 I | etcdserver: snapshot count = 100000
  2019-06-04 03:04:22.587095 I | etcdserver: advertise client URLs = http://localhost:2379
  2019-06-04 03:04:22.843525 I | etcdserver: restarting member 8e9e05c52164694d in cluster cdf818194e3a8c32 at commit index 4
  2019-06-04 03:04:22.843650 I | raft: 8e9e05c52164694d became follower at term 2
  2019-06-04 03:04:22.843693 I | raft: newRaft 8e9e05c52164694d [peers: [], term: 2, commit: 4, applied: 0, lastindex: 4, lastterm: 2]
  2019-06-04 03:04:23.634579 W | auth: simple token is not cryptographically signed
  2019-06-04 03:04:24.436881 I | etcdserver: starting server... [version: 3.3.13, cluster version: to_be_decided]
  2019-06-04 03:04:24.447324 I | etcdserver/membership: added member 8e9e05c52164694d [http://localhost:2380] to cluster cdf818194e3a8c32
  2019-06-04 03:04:24.447635 N | etcdserver/membership: set the initial cluster version to 3.3
  2019-06-04 03:04:24.447831 I | etcdserver/api: enabled capabilities for version 3.3
  2019-06-04 03:04:26.545608 I | raft: 8e9e05c52164694d is starting a new election at term 2
  2019-06-04 03:04:26.545685 I | raft: 8e9e05c52164694d became candidate at term 3
  2019-06-04 03:04:26.545731 I | raft: 8e9e05c52164694d received MsgVoteResp from 8e9e05c52164694d at term 3
  2019-06-04 03:04:26.545767 I | raft: 8e9e05c52164694d became leader at term 3
  2019-06-04 03:04:26.545785 I | raft: raft.node: 8e9e05c52164694d elected leader 8e9e05c52164694d at term 3
  2019-06-04 03:04:26.548261 I | etcdserver: published {Name:default ClientURLs:[http://localhost:2379]} to cluster cdf818194e3a8c32
  2019-06-04 03:04:26.548505 E | etcdmain: forgot to set Type=notify in systemd service file?
  2019-06-04 03:04:26.548607 I | embed: ready to serve client requests
  2019-06-04 03:04:26.550400 N | embed: serving insecure client requests on 127.0.0.1:2379, this is strongly discouraged!
  

• 端口介绍
  • 端口2379： 向客户端提供服务
  • 端口2380： 在各个节点间同步raft状态及数据

参考
https://www.cnblogs.com/softidea/p/6517959.html
https://blog.csdn.net/skh2015java/article/details/80714661
http://etcd.doczh.cn/documentation/dev-guide/local_cluster.html

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/mldblue/articles/10975280.html