作业
- 项目十:行程和用户(难度:困难)
Trips 表中存所有出租车的行程信息。每段行程有唯一键 Id,Client_Id 和 Driver_Id 是 Users 表中 Users_Id 的外键。Status 是枚举类型,枚举成员为 (‘completed’, ‘cancelled_by_driver’, ‘cancelled_by_client’)。
+----+-----------+-----------+---------+--------------------+----------+
| Id | Client_Id | Driver_Id | City_Id | Status |Request_at|
+----+-----------+-----------+---------+--------------------+----------+
| 1 | 1 | 10 | 1 | completed |2013-10-01|
| 2 | 2 | 11 | 1 | cancelled_by_driver|2013-10-01|
| 3 | 3 | 12 | 6 | completed |2013-10-01|
| 4 | 4 | 13 | 6 | cancelled_by_client|2013-10-01|
| 5 | 1 | 10 | 1 | completed |2013-10-02|
| 6 | 2 | 11 | 6 | completed |2013-10-02|
| 7 | 3 | 12 | 6 | completed |2013-10-02|
| 8 | 2 | 12 | 12 | completed |2013-10-03|
| 9 | 3 | 10 | 12 | completed |2013-10-03|
| 10 | 4 | 13 | 12 | cancelled_by_driver|2013-10-03|
+----+-----------+-----------+---------+--------------------+----------+
Users 表存所有用户。每个用户有唯一键 Users_Id。Banned 表示这个用户是否被禁止,Role 则是一个表示(‘client’, ‘driver’, ‘partner’)的枚举类型。
+----------+--------+--------+
| Users_Id | Banned | Role |
+----------+--------+--------+
| 1 | No | client |
| 2 | Yes | client |
| 3 | No | client |
| 4 | No | client |
| 10 | No | driver |
| 11 | No | driver |
| 12 | No | driver |
| 13 | No | driver |
+----------+--------+--------+
写一段 SQL 语句查出 2013年10月1日 至 2013年10月3日 期间非禁止用户的取消率。基于上表,你的 SQL 语句应返回如下结果,取消率(Cancellation Rate)保留两位小数。
+------------+-------------------+
| Day | Cancellation Rate |
+------------+-------------------+
| 2013-10-01 | 0.33 |
| 2013-10-02 | 0.00 |
| 2013-10-03 | 0.50 |
+------------+-------------------+
解答:
创建表格
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS Trips (
Id INT,
Client_Id INT,
Driver_Id INT,
City_Id INT,
Status ENUM('completed', 'cancelled_by_driver', 'cancelled_by_client'),
Request_at VARCHAR(50)
);
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS Users (
Users_Id INT,
Banned VARCHAR(50),
Role ENUM('client', 'driver', 'partner')
);
TRUNCATE TABLE Trips;
INSERT INTO Trips (Id, Client_Id, Driver_Id, City_Id, Status, Request_at) VALUES ('1', '1', '10', '1', 'completed', '2013-10-01');
INSERT INTO Trips (Id, Client_Id, Driver_Id, City_Id, Status, Request_at) VALUES ('2', '2', '11', '1', 'cancelled_by_driver', '2013-10-01');
INSERT INTO Trips (Id, Client_Id, Driver_Id, City_Id, Status, Request_at) VALUES ('3', '3', '12', '6', 'completed', '2013-10-01');
INSERT INTO Trips (Id, Client_Id, Driver_Id, City_Id, Status, Request_at) VALUES ('4', '4', '13', '6', 'cancelled_by_client', '2013-10-01');
INSERT INTO Trips (Id, Client_Id, Driver_Id, City_Id, Status, Request_at) VALUES ('5', '1', '10', '1', 'completed', '2013-10-02');
INSERT INTO Trips (Id, Client_Id, Driver_Id, City_Id, Status, Request_at) VALUES ('6', '2', '11', '6', 'completed', '2013-10-02');
INSERT INTO Trips (Id, Client_Id, Driver_Id, City_Id, Status, Request_at) VALUES ('7', '3', '12', '6', 'completed', '2013-10-02');
INSERT INTO Trips (Id, Client_Id, Driver_Id, City_Id, Status, Request_at) VALUES ('8', '2', '12', '12', 'completed', '2013-10-03');
INSERT INTO Trips (Id, Client_Id, Driver_Id, City_Id, Status, Request_at) VALUES ('9', '3', '10', '12', 'completed', '2013-10-03');
INSERT INTO Trips (Id, Client_Id, Driver_Id, City_Id, Status, Request_at) VALUES ('10', '4', '13', '12', 'cancelled_by_driver', '2013-10-03');
TRUNCATE TABLE Users;
INSERT INTO Users (Users_Id, Banned, Role) VALUES ('1', 'No', 'client');
INSERT INTO Users (Users_Id, Banned, Role) VALUES ('2', 'Yes', 'client');
INSERT INTO Users (Users_Id, Banned, Role) VALUES ('3', 'No', 'client');
INSERT INTO Users (Users_Id, Banned, Role) VALUES ('4', 'No', 'client');
INSERT INTO Users (Users_Id, Banned, Role) VALUES ('10', 'No', 'driver');
INSERT INTO Users (Users_Id, Banned, Role) VALUES ('11', 'No', 'driver');
INSERT INTO Users (Users_Id, Banned, Role) VALUES ('12', 'No', 'driver');
INSERT INTO Users (Users_Id, Banned, Role) VALUES ('13', 'No', 'driver');
查询
SELECT
a.Request_at AS Day, ROUND(a.cnt/b.total,2) AS 'Cancellation Rate'
FROM
(
SELECT
Request_at,
COUNT( Id ) AS cnt
FROM
trips
WHERE
Client_Id IN ( SELECT Users_Id FROM users WHERE Banned = 'NO' AND Role = 'client' )
AND `Status` = 'cancelled_by_driver'
GROUP BY
Request_at
) AS a,
(
SELECT
Request_at,
COUNT( Id ) AS total
FROM
trips
WHERE
Client_Id IN ( SELECT Users_Id FROM users WHERE Banned = 'NO' AND Role = 'client' )
GROUP BY
Request_at
) AS b;
然后我发现我做得不对, 我只考虑了被司机取消得订单。。。尬住。
杨大大的答案:
SELECT
Request_at AS DAY,
ROUND( SUM( CASE WHEN `Status` LIKE 'cancelled%' THEN 1 ELSE 0 END ) / COUNT( * ), 2 ) AS cancelled_rate
FROM
trips
LEFT JOIN ( SELECT Users_Id, Banned FROM users ) client ON trips.Client_Id = client.Users_Id
LEFT JOIN ( SELECT Users_Id, Banned FROM users ) driver ON trips.Driver_Id = driver.Users_Id
WHERE client.Banned = 'NO' AND driver.Banned = 'NO'
GROUP BY Request_at
ORDER BY Request_at;
- 项目十一:各部门前3高工资的员工(难度:中等)
将昨天employee表清空,重新插入以下数据(其实是多插入5,6两行):
+----+-------+--------+--------------+
| Id | Name | Salary | DepartmentId |
+----+-------+--------+--------------+
| 1 | Joe | 70000 | 1 |
| 2 | Henry | 80000 | 2 |
| 3 | Sam | 60000 | 2 |
| 4 | Max | 90000 | 1 |
| 5 | Janet | 69000 | 1 |
| 6 | Randy | 85000 | 1 |
+----+-------+--------+--------------+
编写一个 SQL 查询,找出每个部门工资前三高的员工。例如,根据上述给定的表格,查询结果应返回:
+------------+----------+--------+
| Department | Employee | Salary |
+------------+----------+--------+
| IT | Max | 90000 |
| IT | Randy | 85000 |
| IT | Joe | 70000 |
| Sales | Henry | 80000 |
| Sales | Sam | 60000 |
+------------+----------+--------+
TRUNCATE TABLE employee;
INSERT INTO employee
VALUES
(1,'Joe',70000,1),
(2,'Henry',80000,2),
(3,'Sam',60000,2),
(4,'Max',90000,1),
(5,'Janet',69000,1),
(6,'Randy',85000,1);
SELECT
department.`Name` AS Department,
a.`Name` AS `Name`,
a.Salary AS Salary
FROM
employee AS a
INNER JOIN department ON department.Id = a.DepartmentId
WHERE
(
SELECT
COUNT( DISTINCT Salary )
FROM
employee AS b /*辅助表技术*/
WHERE
b.DepartmentId = a.DepartmentId
AND b.Salary >= a.Salary
) <= 3
ORDER BY
DepartmentId,
Salary DESC;
- 任务十二:分数排名 - (难度:中等)
依然是昨天的分数表,实现排名功能,但是排名是非连续的,如下:
+-------+------+
| Score | Rank |
+-------+------+
| 4.00 | 1 |
| 4.00 | 1 |
| 3.85 | 3 |
| 3.65 | 4 |
| 3.65 | 4 |
| 3.50 | 6 |
+-------+------+
解答:
最简单的
思路直接就是使用 MySQL 8.x支持的窗口函数
SELECT
id,
score,
rank ( ) over ( ORDER BY score.score DESC ) AS 'rank'
FROM
score
ORDER BY
score DESC;
结果: