Asp.net2.0中ObjectDataSource在三层（N层）架构中的应用

不知道大家看没看过《ASP.NET2.0开发指南》这本书。不管这本书怎么样（看到网上骂声不断），对于我这种菜鸟来说还是有些帮助的。既然花了钱买了书，肯定得学点东西才行。下面我就把个人学习ObjectDataSource的一些心得跟大家分享一下。
这里说是使用ObjectDataSource，其实更多的，是要了解三层（N层）架构方面的知识。首先我们可以根据下面的图例，建立三个项目：
1、WEB站点 用户界面层
2、AuthorDB 数据访问层
3、LogicLibrary 业务逻辑层

接下来，我们分别实现这三层。
数据访问层的实现：
这里用了一个组件AuthorDB.cs来完成对数据库的操作，具体代码如下

 1 using  System;
 2 using  System.Collections.Generic;
 3 using  System.Text;
 4 using  System.Data;
 5 using  System.Data.OleDb;
 6 using  System.Xml;
 7
 8 namespace  AuthorDB
 9 {
10    public class AuthorDB
11    {
12        //数据库连接字符串
13        static string str = System.Configuration.ConfigurationSettings.AppSettings["ConnStrings"].ToString().Trim();
14        //构造函数
15        public AuthorDB()
16        { }
17        //获取地址
18        public static DataSet GetStates()
19        {
20            string strCmd = "select distinct state from authors";
21            return DataAdapterFill(strCmd,"state");
22        }
23        //通过地址获取信息
24        public static DataSet GetAuthorsByState(string state)
25        {
26            string strCmd = "select * from authors where state='"+state.ToString().Trim()+"'";
27            return DataAdapterFill(strCmd,"authors");
28
29        }
30        //修改信息
31        public static int UpdateAuthor(string au_id,string au_fname,string au_lname,string state)
32        {
33            string strCmd = "update authors set firstname='"+au_fname+"',lastname='"+au_lname+"',state='"+state+"' where id='"+au_id+"'";
34            return DataCommand(strCmd);
35        }
36        /**//// <summary>
37        /// DataAdapterFill
38        /// </summary>
39        /// <param name="strCmd">SQL语句</param>
40        /// <param name="tablename">表名</param>
41        /// <returns>数据集</returns>
42        private static DataSet DataAdapterFill(string strCmd, string tablename)
43        {
44            OleDbConnection conn = new OleDbConnection(str);
45            OleDbDataAdapter da = new OleDbDataAdapter(strCmd, conn);
46            DataSet ds = new DataSet();
47            conn.Open();
48            da.Fill(ds, tablename);
49            conn.Close();
50            return ds;
51        }
52        /**//// <summary>
53        /// DataCommand方法
54        /// </summary>
55        /// <param name="strCmd">SQL语句</param>
56        /// <returns>影响行数</returns>
57        private static int DataCommand(string strCmd)
58        {
59            OleDbConnection conn = new OleDbConnection(str);
60            OleDbCommand cmd = new OleDbCommand(strCmd, conn);
61            int rowsAffected = 0;
62            conn.Open();
63            try
64            {
65                rowsAffected = cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
66            }
67            catch
68            { }
69            finally
70            {
71                conn.Close();
72            }
73            return rowsAffected;
74        }
75    }
76}
77

业务逻辑层的实现：[注：逻辑层要引用AuthorDB.dll]
业务逻辑层主要由业务实体Author.cs和逻辑组件AuthorsComponent.cs组成[为什么要使用业务实体/怎么使用业务实体这里暂时不做介绍，请不择手段自己搜索]
业务实体实现代码

 1 using  System;
 2 using  System.Collections.Generic;
 3 using  System.Text;
 4
 5 namespace  LogicLibrary
 6 {
 7    public class Author
 8    {
 9        private string _id;
10        private string _firstname;
11        private string _lastname;
12        private string _state;
13        
14        public Author()
15        { }
16        public Author(string id,string firstname,string lastname,string state)
17        {
18            this.ID = id;
19            this.FirstName = firstname;
20            this.LastName = lastname;
21            this.State = state;
22        }
23        public string ID
24        {
25            get
26            {
27                return _id;
28            }
29            set
30            {
31                _id = value;
32            }
33        }
34        public string FirstName
35        {
36            get
37            {
38                return _firstname;
39            }
40            set
41            {
42                _firstname = value;
43            }
44        }
45        public string LastName
46        {
47            get
48            {
49                return _lastname;
50            }
51            set
52            {
53                _lastname = value;
54            }
55        }
56        public string State
57        {
58            get
59            {
60                return _state;
61            }
62            set
63            {
64                _state = value;
65            }
66        }
67
68    }
69}
70

逻辑组件实现代码

 1 using  System;
 2 using  System.Collections.Generic;
 3 using  System.Text;
 4 using  System.Data;
 5
 6 namespace  LogicLibrary
 7 {
 8    public class AuthorsComponent
 9    {
10        //构造函数
11        public AuthorsComponent()
12        { }
13        //通过地址获取信息
14        public List<Author> GetAuthorsByState(string state, string sortExpression)
15        {
16            List<Author> authors = new List<Author>();
17            DataSet ds = AuthorDB.AuthorDB.GetAuthorsByState(state);
18            foreach (DataRow row in ds.Tables["authors"].Rows)
19            {
20                authors.Add(new Author((string)row["id"],(string)row["firstname"],(string)row["lastname"],(string)row["state"]));
21            }
22            authors.Sort(new AuthorComparer(sortExpression));
23            return authors;
24        }
25        //获取地址
26        public List<string> GetStates()
27        {
28            List<string> states = new List<string>();
29            DataSet ds = AuthorDB.AuthorDB.GetStates();
30            foreach (DataRow row in ds.Tables["state"].Rows)
31                states.Add((string)row["state"]);
32            return states;
33        }        
34        //修改信息
35        public int UpdateAuthor(Author a)
36        {
37            return AuthorDB.AuthorDB.UpdateAuthor(a.ID,a.LastName,a.FirstName,a.State);
38        }
39        //修改信息
40        public int UpdateAuthor(string ID,string FirstName,string LastName,string State)
41        {
42            return AuthorDB.AuthorDB.UpdateAuthor(ID,FirstName,LastName,State);
43        }
44    }
45    //自定义排序 实现IComparer接口
46    public class AuthorComparer : IComparer<Author>
47    {
48        private string _sortColumn;
49        private bool _reverse;
50        //构造函数
51        public AuthorComparer(string sortExpression)
52        {
53            _reverse = sortExpression.ToLowerInvariant().EndsWith(" desc");
54            if (_reverse)
55            {
56                _sortColumn = sortExpression.Substring(0, sortExpression.Length - 5);
57            }
58            else
59            {
60                _sortColumn = sortExpression;
61            }
62        }
63        //实现接口的Compare方法 比较两个Author对象实例
64        public int Compare(Author a,Author b)
65        {
66            int retVal = 0;
67            switch (_sortColumn)
68            {
69                case "ID":
70                    retVal = String.Compare(a.ID, b.ID, StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase);
71                    break;
72                case "FirstName":
73                    retVal = String.Compare(a.FirstName, b.FirstName, StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase);
74                    break;
75                case "LastName":
76                    retVal = String.Compare(a.LastName, b.LastName, StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase);
77                    break;
78                case "State":
79                    retVal = String.Compare(a.State, b.State, StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase);
80                    break;
81            }
82            return (retVal*(_reverse?-1:1));
83        }
84    } 
85}
86

接下来我们要实现的是用户界面层：[注：界面层要引用LogicLibrary项目生成的dll文件]
用户界面层实现比较简单，这要归功于asp.net2.0中为我们提供的两个用户控件GridView和ObjectDataSource.[具体使用方法自己搜索]
我们先在页面上拖放1个DropDownList,2个ObjectDataSource,1个GridView控件。

具体设置请参见如下页面代码[注：加粗部分要特别注意]

 1 <% @ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="Default.aspx.cs" Inherits="_Default"  %>
 2
 3 <! DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd" >
 4 < html  xmlns ="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" >
 5 < head  runat ="server" >
 6      < title > Untitled Page </ title >
 7 </ head >
 8 < body >
 9      < form  id ="form1"  runat ="server" >
10          < div >
11             State:
12              < asp:DropDownList  ID ="DropDownList1"  runat ="server"  DataSourceID ="obj1" AutoPostBack="True"
13                 Width ="255px" >
14              </ asp:DropDownList >
15              < asp:ObjectDataSource  ID="obj1"  runat ="server"  TypeName ="LogicLibrary.AuthorsComponent"
16                SelectMethod="GetStates" ></ asp:ObjectDataSource >
17              < asp:GridView  ID ="gridview1"  runat ="server"  DataSourceID ="objectdatasource2"  AllowPaging ="True"
18                 AllowSorting ="True"  AutoGenerateColumns ="False"  EnableTheming ="True"  BackColor ="White"
19                 BorderColor ="#CCCCCC"  BorderStyle ="None"  BorderWidth ="1px"  CellPadding ="3"  Width ="308px" >
20                  < Columns >
21                      < asp:CommandField  ShowEditButton ="True"  CancelText ="Cancle"   />
22                      < asp:BoundField  DataField ="id"  HeaderText ="id"  SortExpression ="ID"   />
23                      < asp:BoundField  DataField ="firstname"  HeaderText ="firstname"  SortExpression ="FristName"   />
24                      < asp:BoundField  DataField ="lastname"  HeaderText ="lastname"  SortExpression ="LastName"   />
25                      < asp:BoundField  DataField ="state"  HeaderText ="state"  SortExpression ="State"   />
26                  </ Columns >
27                  < FooterStyle  BackColor ="White"  ForeColor ="#000066"   />
28                  < RowStyle  ForeColor ="#000066"   />
29                  < SelectedRowStyle  BackColor ="#669999"  Font-Bold ="True"  ForeColor ="White"   />
30                  < PagerStyle  BackColor ="White"  ForeColor ="#000066"  HorizontalAlign ="Left"   />
31                  < HeaderStyle  BackColor ="#006699"  Font-Bold ="True"  ForeColor ="White"   />
32              </ asp:GridView >
33              < asp:ObjectDataSource  ID="objectdatasource2"  runat ="server"  TypeName ="LogicLibrary.AuthorsComponent"
34                DataObjectTypeName="LogicLibrary.Author" SelectMethod="GetAuthorsByState" UpdateMethod="UpdateAuthor"
35                SortParameterName="sortExpression" >
36                  < SelectParameters >
37                      < asp:ControlParameter  ControlID="DropDownList1" Name="state" PropertyName="SelectedValue"   />
38                  </ SelectParameters >
39              </ asp:ObjectDataSource >
40          </ div >
41      </ form >
42 </ body >
43 </ html >
44

OK,一切都搞定了。以上代码已经在winxp+vs.net2005上测试通过。它可以实现数据的显示、筛选、排序功能。我们来看看运行结果：


附：Access数据库的XML文件

 1 <? xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
 2 < root  xmlns:xsd ="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"  xmlns:od ="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:officedata" >
 3    < xsd:schema >
 4      < xsd:element  name ="dataroot" >
 5        < xsd:complexType >
 6          < xsd:sequence >
 7            < xsd:element  ref ="authors"  minOccurs ="0"  maxOccurs ="unbounded" />
 8          </ xsd:sequence >
 9          < xsd:attribute  name ="generated"  type ="xsd:dateTime" />
10        </ xsd:complexType >
11      </ xsd:element >
12      < xsd:element  name ="authors" >
13        < xsd:annotation >
14          < xsd:appinfo >
15            < od:index  index-name ="id"  index-key ="id "  primary ="no"  unique ="no"  clustered ="no" />
16          </ xsd:appinfo >
17        </ xsd:annotation >
18        < xsd:complexType >
19          < xsd:sequence >
20            < xsd:element  name ="id"  minOccurs ="0"  od:jetType ="text"  od:sqlSType ="nvarchar" >
21              < xsd:simpleType >
22                < xsd:restriction  base ="xsd:string" >
23                  < xsd:maxLength  value ="50" />
24                </ xsd:restriction >
25              </ xsd:simpleType >
26            </ xsd:element >
27            < xsd:element  name ="firstname"  minOccurs ="0"  od:jetType ="text"  od:sqlSType ="nvarchar" >
28              < xsd:simpleType >
29                < xsd:restriction  base ="xsd:string" >
30                  < xsd:maxLength  value ="50" />
31                </ xsd:restriction >
32              </ xsd:simpleType >
33            </ xsd:element >
34            < xsd:element  name ="lastname"  minOccurs ="0"  od:jetType ="text"  od:sqlSType ="nvarchar" >
35              < xsd:simpleType >
36                < xsd:restriction  base ="xsd:string" >
37                  < xsd:maxLength  value ="50" />
38                </ xsd:restriction >
39              </ xsd:simpleType >
40            </ xsd:element >
41            < xsd:element  name ="state"  minOccurs ="0"  od:jetType ="text"  od:sqlSType ="nvarchar" >
42              < xsd:simpleType >
43                < xsd:restriction  base ="xsd:string" >
44                  < xsd:maxLength  value ="50" />
45                </ xsd:restriction >
46              </ xsd:simpleType >
47            </ xsd:element >
48          </ xsd:sequence >
49        </ xsd:complexType >
50      </ xsd:element >
51    </ xsd:schema >
52    < dataroot  xmlns:xsi ="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  generated ="2007-04-16T15:32:00" >
53      < authors >
54        < id > 1 </ id >
55        < firstname > Wang </ firstname >
56        < lastname > First </ lastname >
57        < state > usa </ state >
58      </ authors >
59      < authors >
60        < id > 2 </ id >
61        < firstname > Second </ firstname >
62        < lastname > Li </ lastname >
63        < state > Japan </ state >
64      </ authors >
65      < authors >
66        < id > 3 </ id >
67        < firstname > Third </ firstname >
68        < lastname > Zhao </ lastname >
69        < state > USA </ state >
70      </ authors >
71      < authors >
72        < id > 5 </ id >
73        < firstname > Four </ firstname >
74        < lastname > Guo </ lastname >
75        < state > China </ state >
76      </ authors >
77      < authors >
78        < id > 4 </ id >
79        < firstname > Five </ firstname >
80        < lastname > Qi </ lastname >
81        < state > China </ state >
82      </ authors >
83    </ dataroot >
84 </ root >
85

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/syringa-flz/archive/2007/04/17/715465.html