自定义JDBC工具类（配置文件）

 1 import java.io.IOException;
 2 import java.io.InputStream;
 3 import java.sql.Connection;
 4 import java.sql.DriverManager;
 5 import java.sql.ResultSet;
 6 import java.sql.SQLException;
 7 import java.sql.Statement;
 8 import java.util.Properties;
 9 
10 public class JDBCUtils {
11     private static Connection con;
12     private static String driver;
13     private static String url;
14     private static String username;
15     private static String password;
16 
17     static {// 静态代码块只执行一次，获取一次信息即可
18         try {
19             readConfig();
20             Class.forName(driver);
21             con = DriverManager.getConnection(url, username, password);
22         } catch (Exception ex) {
23             throw new RuntimeException("数据库连接失败");
24         }
25     }
26 /*
27  * getClassLoader();返回该类的加载器
28  * getResourceAsStream();查找具有给定名称的资源 
29  */
30     private static void readConfig() {
31         InputStream in = JDBCUtils.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("JDBC.properties");
32         Properties pro = new Properties();
33         try {
34             pro.load(in);
35         } catch (IOException e) {
36             e.printStackTrace();
37         }
38         driver = pro.getProperty("driver");
39         url = pro.getProperty("url");
40         username = pro.getProperty("username");
41         password = pro.getProperty("password");
42     }
43 
44     public static Connection getConnection() {
45         return con;
46     }
47     public static void close(Connection con, Statement stat) {
48 
49         if (stat != null) {
50             try {
51                 stat.close();
52             } catch (SQLException e) {
53                 e.printStackTrace();
54                 System.out.println("stat流关闭异常！");
55             }
56         }
57 
58         if (con != null) {
59             try {
60                 con.close();
61             } catch (SQLException e) {
62                 e.printStackTrace();
63                 System.out.println("con流关闭异常！");
64             }
65         }
66 
67     }
68 
69     public static void close(Connection con, Statement stat, ResultSet rs) {
70         if (rs != null) {
71             try {
72                 rs.close();
73             } catch (SQLException e) {
74                 e.printStackTrace();
75                 System.out.println("rs流关闭异常！");
76             }
77         }
78 
79         if (stat != null) {
80             try {
81                 stat.close();
82             } catch (SQLException e) {
83                 e.printStackTrace();
84                 System.out.println("stat流关闭异常！");
85             }
86         }
87 
88         if (con != null) {
89             try {
90                 con.close();
91             } catch (SQLException e) {
92                 e.printStackTrace();
93                 System.out.println("con流关闭异常！");
94             }
95         }
96 
97 }
98 }

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        ResultSet rs = null;
        PreparedStatement pst = null;

        Connection con = JDBCUtils.getConnection();
        try {
            pst = con.prepareStatement("SELECT sname,studentno FROM student");
            rs = pst.executeQuery();
            while (rs.next()) {
                System.out.println(rs.getString("sname") + "   "
                        + rs.getString("studentno"));
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        JDBCUtils.close(con, pst, rs);
    }
}

配置文件：

这样在以后更换数据库后，只需更改配置文件即可，不用再修改程序里面的内容。

利用Properties类，读取配置文件中的信息，通过键获取值。

类加载器getClassLoader（）负责读取 Java 字节代码，因为在实际情况下，用户得到的项目没有sre文件夹，只能在bin目录下读取文件。

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/zhai1997/p/11381051.html