调度 context switch: save context(PCB), restore context(PCB). 开销如何维护各个进程的状态:PCB + 队列(job队列,ready 队列,I/O设备队列)who is the next to run? : CPU调度器(短期100ms): good repsonse time接纳调度器(长期1+min): the degree of multiprogramming and mix of cpu- and i/o -bound processes内存调度器(中期):reduce the degree of multiprogramming according to available memory 进程操作 创建:父子进程。fork, createProcess进程协作:生产者、消费者问题 interprocess communication IPC[系统调用] 共享内存[独自管理]【关键点:停止生产和消费的条件。】终止IPC: pipe 管道, FIFO 匿名管道:父子进程,单工 (0 for read, 1 for write)具名管道:任意进程,单、双工 转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/niuxu18/p/note_os_3.html