堡垒机实例以及数据库操作

堡垒机前戏

开发堡垒机之前，先来学习Python的paramiko模块，该模块机遇SSH用于连接远程服务器并执行相关操作

SSHClient

用于连接远程服务器并执行基本命令

基于用户名密码连接：

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import paramiko     # 创建SSH对象 ssh = paramiko.SSHClient() # 允许连接不在know_hosts文件中的主机 ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy()) # 连接服务器 ssh.connect(hostname = 'c1.salt.com' , port = 22 , username = 'wupeiqi' , password = '123' )     # 执行命令 stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command( 'df' ) # 获取命令结果 result = stdout.read()     # 关闭连接 ssh.close()

import paramiko

transport = paramiko.Transport(('hostname', 22)) transport.connect(username='wupeiqi', password='123') ssh = paramiko.SSHClient() ssh._transport = transport stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df') print stdout.read() transport.close()

SSHClient 封装 Transport

基于公钥密钥连接：

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import paramiko    private_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file( '/home/auto/.ssh/id_rsa' )    # 创建SSH对象 ssh = paramiko.SSHClient() # 允许连接不在know_hosts文件中的主机 ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy()) # 连接服务器 ssh.connect(hostname = 'c1.salt.com' , port = 22 , username = 'wupeiqi' , key = private_key)    # 执行命令 stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command( 'df' ) # 获取命令结果 result = stdout.read()    # 关闭连接 ssh.close()

import paramiko

private_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file('/home/auto/.ssh/id_rsa') transport = paramiko.Transport(('hostname', 22)) transport.connect(username='wupeiqi', pkey=private_key) ssh = paramiko.SSHClient() ssh._transport = transport stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df') transport.close()

SSHClient 封装 Transport

SFTPClient

用于连接远程服务器并执行上传下载

基于用户名密码上传下载

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import paramiko    transport = paramiko.Transport(( 'hostname' , 22 )) transport.connect(username = 'wupeiqi' ,password = '123' )    sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport) # 将location.py 上传至服务器 /tmp/test.py sftp.put( '/tmp/location.py' , '/tmp/test.py' ) # 将remove_path 下载到本地 local_path sftp.get( 'remove_path' , 'local_path' )    transport.close()

基于公钥密钥上传下载

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import paramiko    private_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file( '/home/auto/.ssh/id_rsa' )    transport = paramiko.Transport(( 'hostname' , 22 )) transport.connect(username = 'wupeiqi' , pkey = private_key )    sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport) # 将location.py 上传至服务器 /tmp/test.py sftp.put( '/tmp/location.py' , '/tmp/test.py' ) # 将remove_path 下载到本地 local_path sftp.get( 'remove_path' , 'local_path' )    transport.close()

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import paramiko import uuid class Haproxy(object): def __init__(self): self.host = '172.16.103.191' self.port = 22 self.username = 'wupeiqi' self.pwd = '123' self.__k = None def create_file(self): file_name = str(uuid.uuid4()) with open(file_name,'w') as f: f.write('sb') return file_name def run(self): self.connect() self.upload() self.rename() self.close() def connect(self): transport = paramiko.Transport((self.host,self.port)) transport.connect(username=self.username,password=self.pwd) self.__transport = transport def close(self): self.__transport.close() def upload(self): # 连接，上传 file_name = self.create_file() sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(self.__transport) # 将location.py 上传至服务器 /tmp/test.py sftp.put(file_name, '/home/wupeiqi/tttttttttttt.py') def rename(self): ssh = paramiko.SSHClient() ssh._transport = self.__transport # 执行命令 stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('mv /home/wupeiqi/tttttttttttt.py /home/wupeiqi/ooooooooo.py') # 获取命令结果 result = stdout.read() ha = Haproxy() ha.run()

Demo

堡垒机的实现 

实现思路：

堡垒机执行流程：

1. 管理员为用户在服务器上创建账号（将公钥放置服务器，或者使用用户名密码）
2. 用户登陆堡垒机，输入堡垒机用户名密码，现实当前用户管理的服务器列表
3. 用户选择服务器，并自动登陆
4. 执行操作并同时将用户操作记录

注：配置.brashrc实现ssh登陆后自动执行脚本，如：/usr/bin/python /home/wupeiqi/menu.py

实现过程

步骤一，实现用户登陆

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import getpass    user = raw_input ( 'username:' ) pwd = getpass.getpass( 'password' ) if user = = 'alex' and pwd = = '123' :      print '登陆成功' else :      print '登陆失败'

步骤二，根据用户获取相关服务器列表

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dic = {      'alex' : [          '172.16.103.189' ,          'c10.puppet.com' ,          'c11.puppet.com' ,      ],      'eric' : [          'c100.puppet.com' ,      ] }    host_list = dic[ 'alex' ]    print 'please select:' for index, item in enumerate (host_list, 1 ):      print index, item    inp = raw_input ( 'your select (No):' ) inp = int (inp) hostname = host_list[inp - 1 ] port = 22

步骤三，根据用户名、私钥登陆服务器

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tran = paramiko.Transport((hostname, port,)) tran.start_client() default_path = os.path.join(os.environ[ 'HOME' ], '.ssh' , 'id_rsa' ) key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(default_path) tran.auth_publickey( 'wupeiqi' , key)    # 打开一个通道 chan = tran.open_session() # 获取一个终端 chan.get_pty() # 激活器 chan.invoke_shell()    ######### # 利用sys.stdin,肆意妄为执行操作 # 用户在终端输入内容，并将内容发送至远程服务器 # 远程服务器执行命令，并将结果返回 # 用户终端显示内容 #########    chan.close() tran.close()

while True:
    # 监视用户输入和服务器返回数据
    # sys.stdin 处理用户输入 # chan 是之前创建的通道，用于接收服务器返回信息 readable, writeable, error = select.select([chan, sys.stdin, ],[],[],1) if chan in readable: try: x = chan.recv(1024) if len(x) == 0: print '\r\n*** EOF\r\n', break sys.stdout.write(x) sys.stdout.flush() except socket.timeout: pass if sys.stdin in readable: inp = sys.stdin.readline() chan.sendall(inp)

肆意妄为方式一

# 获取原tty属性
oldtty = termios.tcgetattr(sys.stdin)
try:
    # 为tty设置新属性 # 默认当前tty设备属性： # 输入一行回车，执行 # CTRL+C 进程退出，遇到特殊字符，特殊处理。 # 这是为原始模式，不认识所有特殊符号 # 放置特殊字符应用在当前终端，如此设置，将所有的用户输入均发送到远程服务器  tty.setraw(sys.stdin.fileno()) chan.settimeout(0.0) while True: # 监视 用户输入 和 远程服务器返回数据（socket） # 阻塞，直到句柄可读 r, w, e = select.select([chan, sys.stdin], [], [], 1) if chan in r: try: x = chan.recv(1024) if len(x) == 0: print '\r\n*** EOF\r\n', break sys.stdout.write(x) sys.stdout.flush() except socket.timeout: pass if sys.stdin in r: x = sys.stdin.read(1) if len(x) == 0: break chan.send(x) finally: # 重新设置终端属性 termios.tcsetattr(sys.stdin, termios.TCSADRAIN, oldtty)

肆意妄为方式二

def windows_shell(chan):
    import threading

    sys.stdout.write("Line-buffered terminal emulation. Press F6 or ^Z to send EOF.\r\n\r\n") def writeall(sock): while True: data = sock.recv(256) if not data: sys.stdout.write('\r\n*** EOF ***\r\n\r\n') sys.stdout.flush() break sys.stdout.write(data) sys.stdout.flush() writer = threading.Thread(target=writeall, args=(chan,)) writer.start() try: while True: d = sys.stdin.read(1) if not d: break chan.send(d) except EOFError: # user hit ^Z or F6 pass

肆意妄为方式三

注：密码验证 t.auth_password(username, pw)

详见：paramiko源码demo

数据库操作

Python 操作 Mysql 模块的安装

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linux：      yum install MySQL - python    window：      http: / / files.cnblogs.com / files / wupeiqi / py - mysql - win. zip

SQL基本使用

1、数据库操作

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show databases;  use [databasename]; create database  [name];

2、数据表操作

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show tables;   create table students      (          id int  not null auto_increment primary key,          name char( 8 ) not null,          sex char( 4 ) not null,          age tinyint unsigned not null,          tel char( 13 ) null default "-"      );

CREATE TABLE `wb_blog` ( 
    `id` smallint(8) unsigned NOT NULL, 
    `catid` smallint(5) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0', `title` varchar(80) NOT NULL DEFAULT '', `content` text NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`), UNIQUE KEY `catename` (`catid`) ) ; 

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3、数据操作

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insert into students(name,sex,age,tel) values( 'alex' , 'man' , 18 , '151515151' )   delete from students where id = 2 ;   update students set name = 'sb' where id = 1 ;   select * from students

4、其他

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主键 外键 左右连接

Python MySQL API

一、插入数据

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import MySQLdb     conn = MySQLdb.connect(host = '127.0.0.1' ,user = 'root' ,passwd = '1234' ,db = 'mydb' )     cur = conn.cursor()     reCount = cur.execute( 'insert into UserInfo(Name,Address) values(%s,%s)' ,( 'alex' , 'usa' )) # reCount = cur.execute('insert into UserInfo(Name,Address) values(%(id)s, %(name)s)',{'id':12345,'name':'wupeiqi'})     conn.commit()     cur.close() conn.close()     print reCount

import MySQLdb

conn = MySQLdb.connect(host='127.0.0.1',user='root',passwd='1234',db='mydb') cur = conn.cursor() li =[ ('alex','usa'), ('sb','usa'), ] reCount = cur.executemany('insert into UserInfo(Name,Address) values(%s,%s)',li) conn.commit() cur.close() conn.close() print reCount

批量插入数据

注意：cur.lastrowid

二、删除数据

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import MySQLdb    conn = MySQLdb.connect(host = '127.0.0.1' ,user = 'root' ,passwd = '1234' ,db = 'mydb' )    cur = conn.cursor()    reCount = cur.execute( 'delete from UserInfo' )    conn.commit()    cur.close() conn.close()    print reCount

三、修改数据

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import MySQLdb    conn = MySQLdb.connect(host = '127.0.0.1' ,user = 'root' ,passwd = '1234' ,db = 'mydb' )    cur = conn.cursor()    reCount = cur.execute( 'update UserInfo set Name = %s' ,( 'alin' ,))    conn.commit() cur.close() conn.close()    print reCount

四、查数据

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# ############################## fetchone/fetchmany(num)  ##############################    import MySQLdb    conn = MySQLdb.connect(host = '127.0.0.1' ,user = 'root' ,passwd = '1234' ,db = 'mydb' ) cur = conn.cursor()    reCount = cur.execute( 'select * from UserInfo' )    print cur.fetchone() print cur.fetchone() cur.scroll( - 1 ,mode = 'relative' ) print cur.fetchone() print cur.fetchone() cur.scroll( 0 ,mode = 'absolute' ) print cur.fetchone() print cur.fetchone()    cur.close() conn.close()    print reCount          # ############################## fetchall  ##############################    import MySQLdb    conn = MySQLdb.connect(host = '127.0.0.1' ,user = 'root' ,passwd = '1234' ,db = 'mydb' ) #cur = conn.cursor(cursorclass = MySQLdb.cursors.DictCursor) cur = conn.cursor()    reCount = cur.execute( 'select Name,Address from UserInfo' )    nRet = cur.fetchall()    cur.close() conn.close()    print reCount print nRet for i in nRet:      print i[ 0 ],i[ 1 ]

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/cp-miao/p/5750217.html