Ansible Ad-Hoc Commands-CSDN博客

Ansible Ad-Hoc Commands

官方网站：

http://docs.ansible.com/ansible/intro_adhoc.html

/etc/ansible/hosts

[centos]

192.168.8.100

[ubuntu]

192.168.8.150:2220

[linux]

192.168.8.100

192.168.8.150:2220

Shell Commands

1.新建用户并修改密码

ansible linux -m shell -a "useradd -m foo"

ansible linux -m shell -a "echo foo:foo|chpasswd"

2.提升为sudoer

root@jlive:~#ansible linux -m shell -a "echo 'foo ALL=(ALL) ALL' >/etc/sudoers.d/foo"

root@jlive:~#ansible linux -a "cat /etc/sudoers.d/foo"

192.168.8.150 | success | rc=0 >>

foo ALL=(ALL) ALL

192.168.8.100 | success | rc=0 >>

foo ALL=(ALL) ALL

3.测试sudoer

root@jlive:~#ansible linux -m shell -a 'uname -a' --sudo --sudo-user=foo --ask-sudo-pass

sudo password:

192.168.8.150 | success | rc=0 >>

Linux localhost 3.13.0-32-generic #57-Ubuntu SMP Tue Jul 15 03:51:08 UTC 2014 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

192.168.8.100 | success | rc=0 >>

Linux ct7.example.com 3.10.0-229.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Fri Mar 6 11:36:42 UTC 2015 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

File Transfer

1.copy文件到远程主机--copy

root@jlive:~#ansible linux -m copy -a "src=/etc/hosts dest=/etc/hosts"

192.168.8.150 | success >> {

"changed": true,

"dest": "/etc/hosts",

"gid": 0,

"group": "root",

"md5sum": "2f131edf44c364aeac30910565134633",

"mode": "0644",

"owner": "root",

"size": 315,

"src": "/root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1453391426.44-3002780506597/source",

"state": "file",

"uid": 0

}

192.168.8.100 | success >> {

"changed": true,

"dest": "/etc/hosts",

"gid": 0,

"group": "root",

"md5sum": "2f131edf44c364aeac30910565134633",

"mode": "0600",

"owner": "root",

"secontext": "system_u:object_r:net_conf_t:s0",

"size": 315,

"src": "/root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1453391426.58-11006037536347/source",

"state": "file",

"uid": 0

}

- src

Local path to a file to copy to the remote server; can be absolute or relative. If path is a directory, it is copied recursively. In this case, if path ends

with "/", only inside contents of that directory are copied to destination. Otherwise, if it does not end with "/", the directory itself with all contents

is copied. This behavior is similar to Rsync.

2.修改文件权限--file

root@jlive:~#ansible linux -m file -a "dest=/etc/hosts mode=644 owner=root group=root"

192.168.8.100 | success >> {

"changed": true,

"gid": 0,

"group": "root",

"mode": "0644",

"owner": "root",

"path": "/etc/hosts",

"secontext": "system_u:object_r:net_conf_t:s0",

"size": 315,

"state": "file",

"uid": 0

}

192.168.8.150 | success >> {

"changed": false,

"gid": 0,

"group": "root",

"mode": "0644",

"owner": "root",

"path": "/etc/hosts",

"size": 315,

"state": "file",

"uid": 0

}

3.创建目录

root@jlive:~#ansible linux -m file -a "dest=/tmp/test/foo mode=755 owner=foo group=foo state=directory"

192.168.8.150 | success >> {

"changed": true,

"gid": 1001,

"group": "foo",

"mode": "0755",

"owner": "foo",

"path": "/tmp/test/foo",

"size": 4096,

"state": "directory",

"uid": 1001

}

192.168.8.100 | success >> {

"changed": true,

"gid": 1000,

"group": "foo",

"mode": "0755",

"owner": "foo",

"path": "/tmp/test/foo",

"secontext": "unconfined_u:object_r:user_tmp_t:s0",

"size": 6,

"state": "directory",

"uid": 1000

}

4.递归删除文件

root@jlive:~#ansible linux -m file -a "dest=/tmp/test/foo state=absent"

192.168.8.150 | success >> {

"changed": true,

"path": "/tmp/test/foo",

"state": "absent"

}

192.168.8.100 | success >> {

"changed": true,

"path": "/tmp/test/foo",

"state": "absent"

}

Manage Packages

1.yum

root@jlive:~#ansible centos -m yum -a "name=screen state=present"

192.168.8.100 | success >> {

"changed": true,

"msg": "",

"rc": 0,

"results": [

"Loaded plugins: fastestmirror\nLoading mirror speeds from cached hostfile\nResolving Dependencies\n--> Running transaction check\n---> Package screen.x86_64 0:4.1.0-0.19.20120314git3c2946.el7 will be installed\n--> Finished Dependency Resolution\n\nDependencies Resolved\n\n================================================================================\n Package Arch Version Repository Size\n================================================================================\nInstalling:\n screen x86_64 4.1.0-0.19.20120314git3c2946.el7 centos7-media 550 k\n\nTransaction Summary\n================================================================================\nInstall 1 Package\n\nTotal download size: 550 k\nInstalled size: 914 k\nDownloading packages:\nRunning transaction check\nRunning transaction test\nTransaction test succeeded\nRunning transaction\n Installing : screen-4.1.0-0.19.20120314git3c2946.el7.x86_64 1/1 \n Verifying : screen-4.1.0-0.19.20120314git3c2946.el7.x86_64 1/1 \n\nInstalled:\n screen.x86_64 0:4.1.0-0.19.20120314git3c2946.el7 \n\nComplete!\n"

]

}

state属性

present #安装

latest #更新到最新

absent #卸载

User and Group

http://docs.ansible.com/ansible/faq.html#how-do-i-generate-crypted-passwords-for-the-user-module

pip install passlib

python -c "from passlib.hash import sha512_crypt; import getpass; print sha512_crypt.encrypt(getpass.getpass())"

root@jlive:~#ansible linux -m user -a "name=hello password=$(echo hello|md5sum|awk '{print $1}')"

192.168.8.150 | success >> {

"changed": true,

"comment": "",

"createhome": true,

"group": 1002,

"home": "/home/hello",

"name": "hello",

"password": "NOT_LOGGING_PASSWORD",

"shell": "",

"state": "present",

"system": false,

"uid": 1002

}

192.168.8.100 | success >> {

"changed": true,

"comment": "",

"createhome": true,

"group": 1001,

"home": "/home/hello",

"name": "hello",

"password": "NOT_LOGGING_PASSWORD",

"shell": "/bin/bash",

"state": "present",

"system": false,

"uid": 1001

}

root@jlive:~#ansible linux -m user -a "name=hello state=absent"

192.168.8.150 | success >> {

"changed": true,

"force": false,

"name": "hello",

"remove": false,

"state": "absent"

}

192.168.8.100 | success >> {

"changed": true,

"force": false,

"name": "hello",

"remove": false,

"state": "absent"

}

Deploying From Source Control

ansible linux -m git -a "repo=git://foo.example.org/repo.git dest=/srv/myapp version=HEAD"

root@jlive:~#ansible centos -m git -a "repo=https://gitcafe.com/liujun_live/ucloud-bash-sdk.git dest=/srv/myapp"

192.168.8.100 | success >> {

"after": "82af63bd8a5eeac30e0d1f0587d76ca716261b88",

"before": null,

"changed": true

}

root@jlive:~#ansible centos -m shell -a "ls /srv/myapp"

192.168.8.100 | success | rc=0 >>

README

README.md

common.conf

example

sdk_UCloud.sh

Managing Services

root@jlive:~#ansible centos -m service -a "name=sshd state=restarted"

192.168.8.100 | success >> {

"changed": true,

"name": "sshd",

"state": "started"

}

stage属性

started #启动

stopped #停止

restarted #重启

Background Operations

root@jlive:~#ansible linux -B 3600 -P 0 -a "dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/null"

background launch...

192.168.8.100 | success >> {

"ansible_job_id": "299528871122.11109",

"results_file": "/root/.ansible_async/299528871122.11109",

"started": 1

}

192.168.8.150 | success >> {

"ansible_job_id": "299528871122.4896",

"results_file": "/root/.ansible_async/299528871122.4896",

"started": 1

}

root@jlive:~#ansible centos -m async_status -a "jid=299528871122.11109"

192.168.8.100 | success >> {

"ansible_job_id": "299528871122.11109",

"changed": false,

"results_file": "/root/.ansible_async/299528871122.11109",

"started": 1

}

Gathering Facts

root@jlive:~#ansible linux -m setup

192.168.8.150 | success >> {

"ansible_facts": {

"ansible_all_ipv4_addresses": [

"192.168.8.150"

"ansible_all_ipv6_addresses": [

"fe80::5054:ff:fe0b:b1"

"ansible_architecture": "x86_64",

"ansible_bios_date": "01/01/2011",

"ansible_bios_version": "0.5.1",

"ansible_cmdline": {

"BOOT_IMAGE": "/vmlinuz-3.13.0-32-generic",

"console": "ttyS0",

"quiet": true,

"ro": true,

"root": "/dev/mapper/localhost--vg-root",

"splash": true,

"vga": "791",

"vt.handoff": "7"

"ansible_date_time": {

"date": "2016-01-22",

"day": "22",

"epoch": "1453393941",

"hour": "00",

"iso8601": "2016-01-21T16:32:21Z",

"iso8601_micro": "2016-01-21T16:32:21.779349Z",

"minute": "32",

"month": "01",

"second": "21",

"time": "00:32:21",

"tz": "CST",

"tz_offset": "+0800",

"weekday": "Friday",

"year": "2016"

"ansible_default_ipv4": {

"address": "192.168.8.150",

"alias": "eth0",

"gateway": "192.168.8.254",

"interface": "eth0",

"macaddress": "52:54:00:0b:00:b1",

"mtu": 1500,

"netmask": "255.255.255.0",

"network": "192.168.8.0",

"type": "ether"

"ansible_default_ipv6": {},

"ansible_devices": {

"vda": {

"holders": [],

"host": "SCSI storage controller: Red Hat, Inc Virtio block device",

"model": null,

"partitions": {

"vda1": {

"sectors": "497664",

"sectorsize": 512,

"size": "243.00 MB",

"start": "2048"

"vda2": {

"sectors": "2",

"sectorsize": 512,

"size": "1.00 KB",

"start": "501758"

"vda5": {

"sectors": "41439232",

"sectorsize": 512,

"size": "19.76 GB",

"start": "501760"

}

"removable": "0",

"rotational": "1",

"scheduler_mode": "",

"sectors": "41943040",

"sectorsize": "512",

"size": "20.00 GB",

"support_discard": "0",

"vendor": "0x1af4"

}

"ansible_distribution": "Ubuntu",

"ansible_distribution_major_version": "14",

"ansible_distribution_release": "trusty",

"ansible_distribution_version": "14.04",

"ansible_domain": "localdomain",

"ansible_env": {

"HOME": "/root",

"LANG": "C",

"LANGUAGE": "en_HK:en",

"LC_CTYPE": "C",

"LOGNAME": "root",

"MAIL": "/var/mail/root",

"PATH": "/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games",

"PWD": "/root",

"SHELL": "/bin/bash",

"SHLVL": "1",

"SSH_CLIENT": "192.168.8.254 53465 2220",

"SSH_CONNECTION": "192.168.8.254 53465 192.168.8.150 2220",

"SSH_TTY": "/dev/pts/1",

"TERM": "xterm-256color",

"USER": "root",

"XDG_RUNTIME_DIR": "/run/user/0",

"XDG_SESSION_ID": "30",

"_": "/bin/sh"

"ansible_eth0": {

"active": true,

"device": "eth0",

"ipv4": {

"address": "192.168.8.150",

"netmask": "255.255.255.0",

"network": "192.168.8.0"

"ipv6": [

{

"address": "fe80::5054:ff:fe0b:b1",

"prefix": "64",

"scope": "link"

}

"macaddress": "52:54:00:0b:00:b1",

"mtu": 1500,

"promisc": false,

"type": "ether"

"ansible_eth1": {

"active": false,

"device": "eth1",

"macaddress": "52:54:00:0b:00:02",

"mtu": 1500,

"promisc": false,

"type": "ether"

"ansible_eth2": {

"active": false,

"device": "eth2",

"macaddress": "52:54:00:0b:00:b1",

"mtu": 1500,

"promisc": false,

"type": "ether"

"ansible_eth3": {

"active": false,

"device": "eth3",

"macaddress": "52:54:00:04:00:b1",

"mtu": 1500,

"promisc": false,

"type": "ether"

"ansible_form_factor": "Other",

"ansible_fqdn": "localhost.localdomain",

"ansible_hostname": "localhost",

"ansible_interfaces": [

"lo",

"eth3",

"eth2",

"eth1",

"eth0"

"ansible_kernel": "3.13.0-32-generic",

"ansible_lo": {

"active": true,

"device": "lo",

"ipv4": {

"address": "127.0.0.1",

"netmask": "255.0.0.0",

"network": "127.0.0.0"

"ipv6": [

{

"address": "::1",

"prefix": "128",

"scope": "host"

}

"mtu": 65536,

"promisc": false,

"type": "loopback"

"ansible_lsb": {

"codename": "trusty",

"description": "Ubuntu 14.04.1 LTS",

"id": "Ubuntu",

"major_release": "14",

"release": "14.04"

"ansible_machine": "x86_64",

"ansible_memfree_mb": 225,

"ansible_memtotal_mb": 363,

"ansible_mounts": [

{

"device": "/dev/mapper/localhost--vg-root",

"fstype": "ext4",

"mount": "/",

"options": "rw,errors=remount-ro",

"size_available": 17671827456,

"size_total": 19690643456

{

"device": "/dev/vda1",

"fstype": "ext2",

"mount": "/boot",

"options": "rw",

"size_available": 196618240,

"size_total": 246755328

}

"ansible_nodename": "localhost",

"ansible_os_family": "Debian",

"ansible_pkg_mgr": "apt",

"ansible_processor": [

"QEMU Virtual CPU version 1.5.3",

"QEMU Virtual CPU version 1.5.3"

"ansible_processor_cores": 1,

"ansible_processor_count": 2,

"ansible_processor_threads_per_core": 1,

"ansible_processor_vcpus": 2,

"ansible_product_name": "KVM",

"ansible_product_serial": "NA",

"ansible_product_uuid": "5103EA6D-02FE-49B7-A19B-173128A511E0",

"ansible_product_version": "RHEL 7.0.0 PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996)",

"ansible_python_version": "2.7.6",

"ansible_selinux": false,

"ansible_ssh_host_key_dsa_public": "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",

"ansible_ssh_host_key_ecdsa_public": "AAAAE2VjZHNhLXNoYTItbmlzdHAyNTYAAAAIbmlzdHAyNTYAAABBBAX8XegqWBVOgmz5KhYb8b6up8FTiigJEFozZOLiIEXoXMilvhYyboR1yTDTSqd+wSSEfO5dYTybMNNFD/pZgkI=",

"ansible_ssh_host_key_rsa_public": "AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQDciuPUsbkww8/lqjgEhaOh0o2n8enk1AdHhwoQb6LwTaPMrv60IwvkIlviaAH+zWdzG0SM48UN9/V2b+4H+ZvYFGj1KVDSYDhsnXPP7FaiA/bLzkrAXHScpeCTNGGsfiwWwpOXiscC8lIr/qk/ANusy5xQq4K6EweL7fG0/MoRuerajJCrRvPhdDvM4+AzhJxBzxf8Pbmlhaaes8Y8QEe6glKvSZ48/Joc9v6RdXTSvIbvrJ1xZViVPWGJ2FkTqZAgIkIAyi+n6o8zgu6UFLtseNPjcvQMlceeuKTDInTMUJdPrDYxNJANlppuEPFPG8YWHwbhLEVONDmr3lO3D4+d",

"ansible_swapfree_mb": 1023,

"ansible_swaptotal_mb": 1023,

"ansible_system": "Linux",

"ansible_system_vendor": "Red Hat",

"ansible_user_id": "root",

"ansible_userspace_architecture": "x86_64",

"ansible_userspace_bits": "64",

"ansible_virtualization_role": "guest",

"ansible_virtualization_type": "kvm",

"module_setup": true

"changed": false

}