silverlight4-简单的FindAncestor绑定

在WPF和SL5中都有RelativeSource是FindAncestor绑定，这是个很实用的绑定功能，特别是在配置模板的时候。可惜SL4里还没有，让我们来通过几个辅助类简单的实现一下。

主要思路还是通过VisualTreeHelper获取Parent来实现绑定。

新建解决方案，添加个类叫做AncestorBinding提供一下绑定需要的基本属性，如下：

View Code

    public class AncestorBinding
    {
public string AncestorPath { get; set; }
public string AncestorTypeName { get; set; }
public string TargetPath { get; set; }
public IValueConverter Converter { get; set; }
    }

再添加类BindingHelper用以提供绑定用的附加属性，如下：

View Code

    public class BindingHelper
    {
public static AncestorBinding GetAncestorBinding(DependencyObject target)
        {
if (target == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("target");

return (AncestorBinding)target.GetValue(AncestorBindingProperty);
        }

public static void SetAncestorBinding(DependencyObject target, AncestorBinding value)
        {
if (target == null) 
throw new ArgumentNullException("target");

            target.SetValue(AncestorBindingProperty, value);
        }

public static readonly DependencyProperty AncestorBindingProperty =
            DependencyProperty.RegisterAttached("AncestorBinding", typeof(AncestorBinding), typeof(FrameworkElement),
new PropertyMetadata(OnAncestorChanged));

private static void OnAncestorChanged(DependencyObject d, DependencyPropertyChangedEventArgs e)
        {
            var ancestorBinding = e.NewValue as AncestorBinding;
if (ancestorBinding == null) 
throw new ArgumentNullException("AncestorBinding");

            var element = d as FrameworkElement;
if (element == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("target");

            ancestorBinding.SetBinding(element);
        }
    }

可见在AncestorBinding需要提供个SetBinding的方法，实现如下：

View Code

    public class AncestorBinding
    {
internal void SetBinding(FrameworkElement element)
        {
if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(this.AncestorTypeName))
throw new ArgumentNullException("AncestorTypeName");

if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(this.TargetPath))
throw new ArgumentNullException("TargetPath");

if (this.TryBinding(element) == false)
            {
                element.Loaded += ElementLoaded;
            }
        }

private void ElementLoaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            var element = sender as FrameworkElement;
            element.Loaded -= ElementLoaded;

this.TryBinding(element);
        }

private bool TryBinding(FrameworkElement element)
        {
            var dp = element.GetDependencyProperty(this.TargetPath);
if (dp == null)
return false;

            var ancestor = element.FindAncestor(this.AncestorTypeName);
if (ancestor == null)
return false;

            var binding = new Binding
            {
                Source = ancestor,
                Converter = this.Converter
            };

if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(this.AncestorPath))
            {
                binding.Path = new PropertyPath(this.AncestorPath);
            }

            element.SetBinding(dp, binding);
return true;
        }
    }

因为设置绑定的时候控件可能还没加载，这样就会溯源失败，所以如果失败就需要在Load之后再尝试绑定一次。

在TryBinding中获取需要绑定的目标依赖属性和溯源控件，如果都成功获取就设置绑定。

再看一下TryBinding用到的两个扩展方法，添加静态类FrameworkElementExtensions，如下：

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    public static class FrameworkElementExtensions
    {
internal static DependencyProperty GetDependencyProperty(this FrameworkElement element, string propertyName)
        {
if (element == null || string.IsNullOrEmpty(propertyName))
return null;

            var dpInfo = element.GetType().GetField(propertyName + "Property", BindingFlags.Static | BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.FlattenHierarchy);
if (dpInfo == null)
return null;

return dpInfo.GetValue(element) as DependencyProperty;
        }

internal static object FindAncestor(this FrameworkElement element, string ancestorTypeName)
        {
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(ancestorTypeName))
return null;

while (element != null)
            {
if (IsTypeMatch(element, ancestorTypeName))
return element;

if (IsTypeMatch(element.DataContext, ancestorTypeName))
return element.DataContext;

                element = VisualTreeHelper.GetParent(element) as FrameworkElement;
            }

return null;
        }

private static bool IsTypeMatch(object obj, string typeName)
        {
if (obj == null || string.IsNullOrEmpty(typeName))
return false;

            var type = obj.GetType();
            var interfaces = type.GetInterfaces();
if (interfaces != null && interfaces.Any(p => p.Name == typeName))
return true;

while (type != null)
            {
if (type.Name == typeName)
return true;

                type = type.BaseType;
            }

return false;
        }
    }

获取附加属性的方法GetDependencyProperty是通过简单的反射来实现。

溯源的方法FindAncestor是通过VisualTreeHelper来实现，为了更好的溯源，此处对DataContenxt也进行了匹配搜索。

代码就是这么多，挺简单，看看就明白。简单测试一下吧。

View Code

        <Button Margin="1,2,3,4" Height="30" Width="150">
<TextBlock >
<local:BindingHelper.AncestorBinding>
<local:AncestorBinding TargetPath="Text" AncestorPath="Margin" AncestorTypeName="Button"/>
</local:BindingHelper.AncestorBinding>
</TextBlock>
</Button>

这个示例比较简单，只是把Text属性绑定到Button的Margin上。实际应用中可能在设置模板的时候用到的更多。

效果:

代码：BindingExtensions

RelativeSource

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/HalfwayMonk/archive/2011/07/14/2106908.html