ubuntu12.04下安装oracle实战记录

今天经过9个多小时的实战终于把oracle在ubuntu上安装成功了

在这里记录一下 

1、下载oracle express的安装介质

http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/products/express-edition/downloads/index.html

Oracle Database Express Edition 11g Release 2 for Linux x64

 

2、转换为deb包

由于下载的是rpm包ubuntu无法直接使用所以需要alien来转换

 

1	sudo apt-get install alien

2	sudo alien -d --scripts oracle-xe-11.2.0-1.0.x86_64.rpm

 

成功转换后得到oracle-xe_11.2.0-2_amd64.deb安装文件

 

 

3、安装deb

双击deb安装这个包，这时包安装成功但是我们会得到一个错误说/sbin/chkconfig不存在。

我们要修改/var/lib/dpkg/info/oracle-xe.postinst脚本

 

1	if [ -f /etc/SuSE-release ]

2

then

3	cp -f /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/xe/config/scripts/oracle-xe.sles /etc/init.d/oracle-xe

4	/usr/lib/lsb/install_initd /etc/init.d/oracle-xe > /dev/null 2>&1

5	/sbin/insserv /etc/init.d/oracle-xe > /dev/null 2>&1

6	/sbin/SuSEconfig > /dev/null 2>&1

7

#else

8	#        /sbin/chkconfig --add oracle-xe

9

fi

 

把else与/sbin/chkconfig --add oracle-xe注释掉，然后再执行

 

 

1	sudo /var/lib/dpkg/info/oracle-xe.postinst

 

会提示你运行/etc/init.d/oracle-xe configure进行配置。但别急，我们还需要一些步骤再执行。

 

4、安装依赖包

 

1	sudo apt-get install libaio1

 

 

5、解决ORA-00845: MEMORY_TARGET问题

由于oracle查找的是/dev/shm，而Ubuntu已经换为/run/shm（虽然有链接还是有问题），在初始化时会出现ORA-00845问题，解决方法如下：

 

 

用root登录

 

1

sudo su -

 

粘贴下载的代码到命令行，来创建oracle-shm

 

 

01	cat > /etc/init.d/oracle-shm <<-EOF

02	#! /bin/sh

03	# /etc/init.d/oracle-shm

04

#

05

#

06	case "\$1" in

07

start)

08	echo "Starting script /etc/init.d/oracle-shm"

09	# Run only once at system startup

10	if [ -e /dev/shm/.oracle-shm ]; then

11	echo "/dev/shm is already mounted, nothing to do"

12

else

13	rm -f /dev/shm

14	mkdir /dev/shm

15	#mount -B /run/shm /dev/shm

16	mount -t tmpfs shmfs -o size=2048m /dev/shm

17	touch /dev/shm/.oracle-shm

18

fi

19

;;

20

stop)

21	echo "Stopping script /etc/init.d/oracle-shm"

22	echo "Nothing to do"

23

;;

24

*)

25	echo "Usage: /etc/init.d/oracle-shm {start|stop}"

26

exit 1

27

;;

28

esac

29

#

30	### BEGIN INIT INFO

31	# Provides:          oracle-shm

32	# Required-Start:    $remote_fs $syslog

33	# Required-Stop:     $remote_fs $syslog

34	# Default-Start:     2 3 4 5

35	# Default-Stop:      0 1 6

36	# Short-Description: Bind /run/shm to /dev/shm at system startup.

37	# Description:       Fix to allow Oracle 11g use AMM.

38	### END INIT INFO

39

EOF

 

安装oracle-shm

 

 

1	chmod 755 /etc/init.d/oracle-shm

2	update-rc.d oracle-shm defaults 01 99

 

重启

 

 

1

reboot

 

 

6、配置oracle xe

 

1	sudo /etc/init.d/oracle-xe configure

 

选择web管理端口默认8080

 

选择监听端口默认1521

输入管理员密码与确认密码(sys密码)

最后询问你是否自动启动默认y

 

7、进行web管理台

从菜单中选择Other->Get Started with Oracle Database 11g Express Edition

总体上可按照上面来进行安装，特别是问题00845

 

然后这里面有环境变量，远程登录配置，以及上面所说的chkconfig

Step-by-Step Installing Oracle Database Express Edition 11gR2 on Ubuntu Server 12.04 LTS

Step 1. Managing Swap partition. Oracle Database Express Edition 11gR2 may require up to a 2GB (2095100 KB) swap partition, Enter the following command in terminal to verify your swap space:

cat /proc/meminfo | grep -i swap

If you don’t have enough swap space, you can increase available swap space by the following guide to create and enable swap partiton, in this case I’ll create 1 GB swap file and loaded at startup, located in the /home directory

Login as root:

sudo -i

Create swap file on /home directory with following commands:

dd if=/dev/zero of=/home/swapfile bs=1024 count=1048576
mkswap /home/swapfile
swapon /home/swapfile
swapon -a

Create a backup of the original “fstab” file and add the new swap file:

cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.backup_`date +%N`
echo '/home/swapfile swap swap defaults 0 0' >> /etc/fstab

Logout from root and verify the new swap space:

exit
swapon -s

Step 1. Install additional software thats require Oracle 11g Express Edition

sudo apt-get install alien libaio1

Step 2. Download Oracle Database Express Edition 11gR2 via Oracle Official website, it require registration before downloading.

Step 3. unzip the downloaded file, then convert the Oracle Database Express Edition 11gR2 package installer to debian package

unzip oracle-xe-11.2.0.1.0.x86_64.rpm.zip

cd Disk1/

sudo alien --to-deb --scripts oracle-xe-11.2.0-1.0.x86_64.rpm

Step 4. Configure Awk and Chkconfig, The following needs to be set for compatibility:

sudo ln -s /usr/bin/awk /bin/awk
sudo mkdir /var/lock/subsys

Ubuntu uses different tools to manage services and system startup scripts. The “chkconfig” tool required by the Oracle installer is not available in Ubuntu. The following will create a file to simulate the “chkconfig” tool.

Login as root:

sudo -i

Copy and paste the following Script directly into the terminal to create a file chkconfig:

cat > /sbin/chkconfig <<-EOF
#!/bin/bash
# Oracle 11gR2 XE installer chkconfig, Only run once.
echo "Simulating /sbin/chkconfig..."
if [[ ! `tail -n1 /etc/init.d/oracle-xe | grep INIT` ]]; then
cat >> /etc/init.d/oracle-xe <<-EOM
#
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: OracleXE
# Required-Start: $remote_fs $syslog
# Required-Stop: $remote_fs $syslog
# Default-Start: 2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop: 0 1 6
# Short-Description: Oracle 11g Express Edition
### END INIT INFO
EOM
fi
update-rc.d oracle-xe defaults 80 01
EOF

Logout form root:

exit

Set the file /sbin/chkconfig executable :

sudo chmod 755 /sbin/chkconfig

Step 5. Install Oracle Database Express Edition 11gR2 with the following commands:

cd ~/Downloads/Disk1
sudo dpkg -i oracle-xe-11.2.0-1.0.x86_64.deb

Run the following configuration script to create (clone) the database. Accept the default answers, including “y” to startup the database automatically, or modify as required.

sudo /etc/init.d/oracle-xe configure

To verify success, the procedure should end showing:

Starting Oracle Net Listener...Done
Configuring database...Done
Starting Oracle Database 11g Express Edition instance...Done
Installation completed successfully.

Step 6. Set a password for the Oracle account:

sudo passwd oracle

Step 7. Post-Installation, In order to use sqlplus and other tools, the Oracle account requires specific environment variables. The following will set these variables automatically at every Oracle login:

Login as the Oracle user:

su - oracle

Copy the default account skeleton files and add the Oracle env script to .profile:

cp /etc/skel/.bash_logout ./ 
cp /etc/skel/.bashrc ./ 
cp /etc/skel/.profile ./ 
echo "" >>./.profile
echo '. /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/xe/bin/oracle_env.sh' >>./.profile

Step 7. Configure remote login. By default, the Oracle Database XE graphical user interface is only available at the local server, but not remotely. The following will enable remote logins:

Login as the Oracle user, then login as SYSDBA and run the following commands:

su - oracle
sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> EXEC DBMS_XDB.SETLISTENERLOCALACCESS(FALSE);
exit

基本上按照上面的就可以正常安装成功了 

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/batcom/archive/2012/11/10/2764483.html