CentOS 6.5 安装部署iSCSi共享存储

 CentOS 6.5 安装部署iSCSi共享存储

一、前言

  1、什么是iSCSI?

    iSCSI技术是一种由IBM公司研究开发的,是一个供硬件设备使用的可以在IP协议的上层运行的SCSI指令集,这种指令集合可以实现在IP网络上运行SCSI协议,使其能够在诸如高速千兆以太网上进行路由选择。iSCSI技术是一种新储存技术,该技术是将现有SCSI接口与以太网络(Ethernet)技术结合,使服务器可与使用IP网络的储存装置互相交换资料。

    iSCSI:Internet 小型计算机系统接口 (iSCSI:Internet Small Computer System Interface)。
Internet 小型计算机系统接口(iSCSI)是一种基于 TCP/IP的协议,用来建立和管理 IP 存储设备、主机和客户机等之间的相互连接,并创建存储区域网络(SAN)。SAN 使得 SCSI 协议应用于高速数据传输网络成为可能,这种传输以数据块级别(block-level)在多个数据存储网络间进行。
    SCSI 结构基于客户/服务器模式,其通常应用环境是:设备互相靠近,并且这些设备由 SCSI 总线连接。iSCSI 的主要功能是在 TCP/IP 网络上的主机系统(启动器 initiator)和存储设备(目标器 target)之间进行大量数据的封装和可靠传输过程。此外,iSCSI 提供了在 IP 网络封装 SCSI 命令,且运行在 TCP 上。

 
 
   2、环境介绍:
 
    本次部署由3台物理机实现,具体信息分别为以下:
       a、iSCSI_Server:192.168.30.133
      b、iSCSI_Client1:192.168.30.131
      c、iSCSI_Client2:192.168.30.132
    需要用到的软件为:
       a、scsi-target-utils    # 提供Server端服务
      b、iscsi-initiator-utils   #提供Client服务

 二、安装部署服务端,即iSCSI_Server
 
   1、在服务端创建可共享的磁盘或卷;这里就新添加一块新磁盘做为共享;
    查看新添加的硬盘:
    

[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 30720 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000da3dc

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2 501 512000 83 Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2 502 30720 30944256 8e Linux LVM
Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary.

Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 20480 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

 

  2、对硬盘进行分区并创建LVM卷:

[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x47756356.
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
         switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
         sectors (command 'u').

Command (m for help): p      # 查看分区信息

Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 20480 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x47756356

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

Command (m for help): n      #新建一个分区
Command action
   e   extended
   p   primary partition (1-4)
e                   # 新建一个逻辑分区
Partition number (1-4): 4     # 卷标为 4
First cylinder (1-20480, default 1): 
Using default value 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-20480, default 20480): 
Using default value 20480

Command (m for help): p      # 查看信息

Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 20480 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x47756356

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb4               1       20480    20971504    5  Extended

Command (m for help): n      # 新建逻辑卷
Command action
   l   logical (5 or over)
   p   primary partition (1-4)
l                   # 选择l,逻辑卷
First cylinder (1-20480, default 1): 
Using default value 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-20480, default 20480): 
Using default value 20480

Command (m for help): p      # 查看信息

Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 20480 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x47756356

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb4               1       20480    20971504    5  Extended
/dev/sdb5               1       20480    20971488   83  Linux

Command (m for help): w      # 保存
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks

[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# partprobe /dev/sdb      # 使刚才的配置立即生效

 [root@iSCSI_Server ~]# fdisk -l

 
   

Disk /dev/sda: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 30720 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000da3dc

 
   

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2 501 512000 83 Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2 502 30720 30944256 8e Linux LVM
Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary.

 
   

Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 20480 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x47756356

 
   

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb4 1 20480 20971504 5 Extended
/dev/sdb5 1 20480 20971488 83 Linux


[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# cat /proc/partitions
major minor #blocks name

8 0 31457280 sda
8 1 512000 sda1
8 2 30944256 sda2
8 16 20971520 sdb
8 20 1 sdb4
8 21 20971488 sdb5
253 0 27795456 dm-0
253 1 3145728 dm-1

#注:看到以上标黄的信息证明已经创建逻辑卷成功!

接下来创建LVM卷

[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb5        # 创建PV
Physical volume "/dev/sdb5" successfully created
[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# vgcreate kvmvg /dev/sdb5     # 创建VG
Volume group "kvmvg" successfully created
[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# lvcreate -L 19G -n kvmlv kvmvg  # 创建LV
Logical volume "kvmlv" created.
[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# lvs                 # 查看
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
lv_root VolGroup -wi-ao---- 26.51g
lv_swap VolGroup -wi-ao---- 3.00g
kvmlv kvmvg -wi-a----- 19.00g
[root@iSCSI_Server ~]#

#注:看到以上标黄的信息证明已经创建成功!

 

   3、安装服务端软件:scsi-target-utils
 
[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# yum -y install epel-release
[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# yum -y install scsi-target-utils.x86_64

 

    4、配置iSCSI服务:
[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# vim /etc/tgt/targets.conf
#### 在 40行后添加以下信息#######
<target iqn.2017-03.com.zlyang:kvm.iscsi>
  backing-store /dev/kvmvg/kvmlv      
  initiator-address 192.168.30.0/24
</target>

  注:

  iqn.2017-03.com.zlyang:kvm.iscsi : 为共享名

    iqn.2017-03.com.zlyang:kvm.iscsi  :共享卷名及路径

    initiator-address 192.168.30.0/24  :允许哪些地址访问

 
   5、启动服务
[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# service tgtd start
Starting SCSI target daemon:                               [  OK  ]
[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# chkconfig tgtd on
[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# netstat -tnlt|grep 3260

   tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3260 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
   tcp 0 0 :::3260 :::* LISTEN

  

  6、添加防火墙规则

[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# iptables -I INPUT 4 -p tcp --dport 3260 -j ACCEPT
[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# iptables-save
[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# service iptables save
[root@iSCSI_Server ~]# service iptables restart

 

 三、安装Client
 
  因为两台Client配置几乎一样,在此以Client1为例给大家演示具体部署过程
  
   1、首先查看本地磁盘
 
[root@iSCSI_Client_1 ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 30720 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000da3dc

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *           2         501      512000   83  Linux
Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary.
/dev/sda2             502       30720    30944256   8e  Linux LVM
Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary.

Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root: 28.5 GB, 28462546944 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3460 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000


Disk /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_swap: 3221 MB, 3221225472 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 391 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

# 可以看出只有一块磁盘

 

  2、安装Client软件

[root@iSCSI_Client_1 ~]# yum -y install epel-release
[root@iSCSI_Client_1 ~]# yum -y install iscsi-initiator-utils.x86_64

 

    3、启动服务
[root@iSCSI_Client_1 ~]# service iscsid start
[root@iSCSI_Client_1 ~]# chkconfig iscsid on


 

   4、发现下iSCSI服务端
[root@iSCSI_Client_1 ~]# iscsiadm -m discovery -t st -p 192.168.30.133
192.168.30.133:3260,1 iqn.2017-03.com.zlyang:kvm.iscsi

 

  5、挂载该磁盘

    a、加载磁盘

[root@iSCSI_Client_1 ~]# iscsiadm -m node -T iqn.2017-03.com.zlyang:kvm.iscsi -p 192.168.30.133 -l
Logging in to [iface: default, target: iqn.2017-03.com.zlyang:kvm.iscsi, portal: 192.168.30.133,3260] (multiple)
Login to [iface: default, target: iqn.2017-03.com.zlyang:kvm.iscsi, portal: 192.168.30.133,3260] successful.
[root@iSCSI_Client_1 ~]# echo "iscsiadm -m node -T iqn.2017-03.com.zlyang:kvm.iscsi -p 192.168.30.133 -l" >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local"
[root@iSCSI_Client_1 ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sdc: 20.4 GB, 20401094656 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 19456 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

注:看到此信息表示已经加载成功

    b、分区格式化

[root@iSCSI_Client_1 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdc
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
/dev/sdc is entire device, not just one partition!
Proceed anyway? (y,n) y
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
1245184 inodes, 4980736 blocks
249036 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296
152 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
    32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 
    4096000

Writing inode tables: done                            
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 35 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
[root@iSCSI_Client_1 ~]# 

 

    c、挂载到本地

[root@iSCSI_Client_1 ~]# mount /dev/sdc /mnt
[root@iSCSI_Client_1 ~]# echo "mount /dev/sdc /mnt" >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local [root@iSCSI_Client_1
~]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root 26G 2.6G 23G 11% / tmpfs 939M 0 939M 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 477M 52M 400M 12% /boot /dev/sdc 19G 44M 18G 1% /mnt [root@iSCSI_Client_1 ~]#

 

Client_1的所有配置已经配置完成,Client_2配置与Client_1基本相同,只是Client_2不需要再分区格式化了,直接加载及挂载就可以!

 

好了,部署已经全部完成,如果什么问题可以回复或发邮件到:DBA_Master@163.com

 
 
 
 
 
 
 

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/zlyang/p/6484452.html

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