mysql数据库 select语句全集

1、select

1.1 作用

获取mysql中的数据行

1.2 单独使用select

1.2.1 select @@XXX；获取参数信息

select @@port; 查端口号
show variables; 查看所有参数
show variables like '%innodb%'; |查参数

1.2.2 select 函数（）；

select now(); 函数加括号
mysql> select database(); |库
mysql> select now(); |时间
mysql> select version(); |版本

1.3 sql92标准的使用语法

1.3.1 select语法执行顺序

select开始--> from 字句 --> where子句 -->
group by 子句 --> select 后执行条件-->
having子句 --> order by -->limit

---

desc city	表结构
id	自增的无关列
name	城市名字
countrycode	所在国家代号
district	中国省的意思 每个是洲的意思
populiation	城市人口数量

select * from jyt;	相对路径查询 生产中使用较少
select * from root.jyt	绝对路径 生产中使用较少
select name,populication from jyt;	查看两列的内容
select name,populication from root.jyt;	查看两列的内容

where

where	相当于grep	说明
where配合等值查询	select * from world.city where countrycode='chn';	查询表中的中国城市信息
where配合不等值查询	select * from world.city where Population<100;	人口小于100人的城市 （>,<,<=,>=,<>）
where配合模糊查询	select * from world.city where CountryCode like 'c%';	国家以c开头 禁止%开头
where配合逻辑连接符（AND or）	select * from world.city where Population > 10000 AND Population < 20000;	select * from world.city where population between 10000 and 20000;
	select * from world.city where CountryCode='chn' OR CountryCode='usa';	select * from world.city where countrycode in ('chn','usa');
	SELECT * FROM world.city WHERE CountryCode='chn' UNION ALL SELECT*FROM world.city WHERE CountryCode='usa';	推荐 union 去重 加all不去重 默认去重

常用聚合函数

函数	例子
avg()	select district,avg(population) from city where countrycode='chn' group by district;
count()	select countrycode,count(name) from city group by countrycode;
sum()	select countrycode,sum(population) from city group by countrycode ;
max()	-
min()	-
group_concat()	select countrycode,group_concat(district) from city group by countrycode;

order by

order by	排序
查询统计总数	select district,sum(population) from city where countrycode='chn' group by district;
查询统计总数并排序降序	SELECT district,sum(population) FROM city WHERE countrycode='chn' GROUP BY district ORDER BY SUM(Population) DESC;
查询中国所有的城市，并以人口数降序输出	select*from city where countrycode='chn' order by population desc;
-	-
limit m,n 跳过m行显示n行	limit x offset y 跳过y行显示x行
前5行	SELECT*FROM city WHERE countrycode='chn' ORDER BY population DESC LIMIT 5;
显示6-10行	SELECT*FROM city WHERE countrycode='chn' ORDER BY population DESC LIMIT 5,5;
显示6-10行	select*from city where countrycode='chn' order by population desc limit 5 offset 5;

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/jiangyatao/p/11044684.html