我只是在这里抛砖引玉,这其中好多结果都是参照其他技术人员的一些例子和介绍,不过我始终没有找到全面的介绍(就是事无具细的)不过这样也好,所以只能自己摸索,这其中我也有好多不解之处.
我就按我如何来解决这些问题来写写.
我的自定义对象集合是是继承于CollectionBase的.因为CollectionBase已经实现了ILIST接口,也就是说可能直接绑定到了DataGrid控件.但是在默认情况自定义类的公共属性都会绑定到datagrid.这显然是不符合要求的.
按我们实际使用情况如下:
1.可以指定要绑定的属性.
2.可以控制绑定属性的列位置.
这时通过查msdn发现了接口ItypedList好像可以实现这些要求.通过google也找到一个关于绑定的例子.如何实现itypedlist接口.最重要的接口方法是GetItemProperties,他就能控制你自定义的那些属性可以进行绑定.返回的值是PropertyDescriptorCollection集合,所以我们需要实现一个自定义属性描述的类CustomPropertyDescriptor它的基类是System.ComponentModel.PropertyDescriptor.重写其抽象方法.其中要注意的是IsReadOnly属性,这个属性就可以控制在datagrid控件中是否允许编辑此属性.
CustomPropertyDescriptor的实现
Public
Class CustomPropertyDescriptor
Class CustomPropertyDescriptor
Inherits System.ComponentModel.PropertyDescriptor Private md_name As String = String.Empty Private md_pi As System.Reflection.PropertyInfo Private md_attribute As FieldAttribute
Public Sub New()Sub New(ByVal name As String, ByVal pi As System.Reflection.PropertyInfo) MyBase.New(name, pi.GetCustomAttributes(GetType(Attribute), True)) Me.md_name = name Me.md_pi = pi
End Sub Public Overrides Function GetValue()Function GetValue(ByVal component As Object) As Object 'Debug.WriteLine("GetValue") Return CType(component, EntityBase).GetValue(Me.md_pi.Name) End Function Public Overrides ReadOnly Property ComponentType()Property ComponentType() As System.Type Get Return Me.md_pi.DeclaringType End Get End Property Public Overrides ReadOnly Property PropertyType()Property PropertyType() As System.Type Get Return Me.md_pi.PropertyType End Get End Property Public Overrides Sub ResetValue()Sub ResetValue(ByVal component As Object) End Sub Public Overrides Sub SetValue()Sub SetValue(ByVal component As Object, ByVal value As Object) 'Debug.WriteLine("SetValue") CType(component, EntityBase).SetValue(Me.md_pi.Name, value) End Sub Public Overrides Function CanResetValue()Function CanResetValue(ByVal component As Object) As Boolean Return False End Function Public Overrides Function ShouldSerializeValue()Function ShouldSerializeValue(ByVal component As Object) As Boolean Return False End Function Public Overrides ReadOnly Property IsReadOnly()Property IsReadOnly() As Boolean Get Return Not Me.md_pi.CanWrite End Get End Property
End Class
以下强类型集合的实现
Public Class EntityContainer
Inherits CollectionBase
Implements ITypedList, IBindingList
ItypeList接口
#Region "ItypeList接口" Public Function GetItemProperties()Function GetItemProperties(ByVal listAccessors() As System.ComponentModel.PropertyDescriptor) As System.ComponentModel.PropertyDescriptorCollection Implements System.ComponentModel.ITypedList.GetItemProperties If Me.ItemType Is Nothing Then Throw New PersistenceLayerException("执行绑定失败,没有指定容器的属性ItemType.") Else Dim en As EntityBase = Activator.CreateInstance(Me.ItemType) Return New System.ComponentModel.PropertyDescriptorCollection(en.GetCustomProperties) End If End Function Public Function GetListName()Function GetListName(ByVal listAccessors() As System.ComponentModel.PropertyDescriptor) As String Implements System.ComponentModel.ITypedList.GetListName If Me.ItemType Is Nothing Then Throw New PersistenceLayerException("执行绑定失败,没有指定容器的属性ItemType.") Else Return Me.ItemType.Name End If End Function#End Region
以前就是我的ItypedList接口的实现其中属性ItemType是指定我当前集合中存放的实体类型.我已定义的实体具有方法GetCustomProperties就是用于返回我当前实体那些属性是允许进行绑定的.
IBindingList接口实现
#Region "IBindingList接口实现"公共#Region "公共" ''' ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- ''' <summary> ''' 将新项添加到列表。 ''' </summary> ''' <returns></returns> ''' <remarks> ''' </remarks> ''' <history> ''' [zqonline] 2006-09-02 Created ''' </history> ''' ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Public Function AddNew()Function AddNew() As Object Implements System.ComponentModel.IBindingList.AddNew If Not AllowNew Then Throw New InvalidOperationException("AddNew is not allowed.") Dim en As EntityBase = Activator.CreateInstance(Me.ItemType) List.Add(en) '集合发生改变 OnListChanged(New ListChangedEventArgs(ListChangedType.ItemAdded, List.Count - 1)) '注册事件 AddHandler en.RemoveMe, AddressOf Me.RemoveMe Return en End Function Public Event ListChanged(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.ComponentModel.ListChangedEventArgs) Implements System.ComponentModel.IBindingList.ListChanged ''' ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- ''' <summary> ''' 获取当列表更改或列表中的项更改时是否引发 ListChanged 事件.默认是True ''' </summary> ''' <value></value> ''' <remarks> ''' </remarks> ''' <history> ''' [zqonline] 2006-09-02 Created ''' </history> ''' ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Public ReadOnly Property SupportsChangeNotification()Property SupportsChangeNotification() As Boolean Implements System.ComponentModel.IBindingList.SupportsChangeNotification Get Return True End Get End Property#End Region私有#Region "私有" ''' ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- ''' <summary> ''' 将 PropertyDescriptor 添加到用于搜索的索引。 ''' </summary> ''' <param name="property"></param> ''' <remarks> ''' </remarks> ''' <history> ''' [zqonline] 2006-09-02 Created ''' </history> ''' ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Private Sub AddIndex()Sub AddIndex(ByVal [Property ]()property] As System.ComponentModel.PropertyDescriptor) Implements System.ComponentModel.IBindingList.AddIndex End Sub Private ReadOnly Property AllowEdit1()Property AllowEdit1() As Boolean Implements System.ComponentModel.IBindingList.AllowEdit Get Return Me.AllowEdit End Get End Property Private ReadOnly Property AllowNew1()Property AllowNew1() As Boolean Implements System.ComponentModel.IBindingList.AllowNew Get Return Me.AllowNew End Get End Property Private ReadOnly Property AllowRemove()Property AllowRemove() As Boolean Implements System.ComponentModel.IBindingList.AllowRemove Get Return Me.AllowDelete End Get End Property ''' ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- ''' <summary> ''' 根据 PropertyDescriptor 和 ListSortDirection 对列表进行排序。 ''' </summary> ''' <param name="property"></param> ''' <param name="direction"></param> ''' <remarks> ''' </remarks> ''' <history> ''' [zqonline] 2006-09-02 Created ''' </history> ''' ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Private Sub ApplySort()Sub ApplySort(ByVal [Property ]()property] As System.ComponentModel.PropertyDescriptor, ByVal direction As System.ComponentModel.ListSortDirection) Implements System.ComponentModel.IBindingList.ApplySort End Sub ''' ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- ''' <summary> ''' 返回具有给定 PropertyDescriptor 的行的索引。 ''' </summary> ''' <param name="property"></param> ''' <param name="key"></param> ''' <returns></returns> ''' <remarks> ''' </remarks> ''' <history> ''' [zqonline] 2006-09-02 Created ''' </history> ''' ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Private Function Find()Function Find(ByVal [Property ]()property] As System.ComponentModel.PropertyDescriptor, ByVal key As Object) As Integer Implements System.ComponentModel.IBindingList.Find End Function ''' ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- ''' <summary> ''' 获取是否对列表中的项进行排序。 ''' </summary> ''' <value></value> ''' <remarks> ''' </remarks> ''' <history> ''' [zqonline] 2006-09-02 Created ''' </history> ''' ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Private ReadOnly Property IsSorted()Property IsSorted() As Boolean Implements System.ComponentModel.IBindingList.IsSorted Get End Get End Property ''' ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- ''' <summary> ''' 从用于搜索的索引中移除 PropertyDescriptor。 ''' </summary> ''' <param name="property"></param> ''' <remarks> ''' </remarks> ''' <history> ''' [zqonline] 2006-09-02 Created ''' </history> ''' ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Private Sub RemoveIndex()Sub RemoveIndex(ByVal [Property ]()property] As System.ComponentModel.PropertyDescriptor) Implements System.ComponentModel.IBindingList.RemoveIndex End Sub ''' ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- ''' <summary> ''' 获取排序的方向。 ''' </summary> ''' <value></value> ''' <remarks> ''' </remarks> ''' <history> ''' [zqonline] 2006-09-02 Created ''' </history> ''' ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Private ReadOnly Property SortDirection()Property SortDirection() As System.ComponentModel.ListSortDirection Implements System.ComponentModel.IBindingList.SortDirection Get End Get End Property ''' ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- ''' <summary> ''' 获取列表是否支持排序。 ''' </summary> ''' <value></value> ''' <remarks> ''' </remarks> ''' <history> ''' [zqonline] 2006-09-02 Created ''' </history> ''' ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Private ReadOnly Property SupportsSorting()Property SupportsSorting() As Boolean Implements System.ComponentModel.IBindingList.SupportsSorting Get Return False End Get End Property ''' ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- ''' <summary> ''' 获取列表是否支持使用 Find 方法进行搜索。默认是False ''' </summary> ''' <value></value> ''' <remarks> ''' </remarks> ''' <history> ''' [zqonline] 2006-09-02 Created ''' </history> ''' ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Private ReadOnly Property SupportsSearching()Property SupportsSearching() As Boolean Implements System.ComponentModel.IBindingList.SupportsSearching Get Return False End Get End Property ''' ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- ''' <summary> ''' 使用 ApplySort 移除任何已应用的排序。 ''' </summary> ''' <remarks> ''' </remarks> ''' <history> ''' [zqonline] 2006-09-02 Created ''' </history> ''' ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Private Sub RemoveSort()Sub RemoveSort() Implements System.ComponentModel.IBindingList.RemoveSort End Sub ''' ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- ''' <summary> ''' 获取正在用于排序的 PropertyDescriptor。 ''' </summary> ''' <value></value> ''' <remarks> ''' </remarks> ''' <history> ''' [zqonline] 2006-09-02 Created ''' </history> ''' ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Private ReadOnly Property SortProperty()Property SortProperty() As System.ComponentModel.PropertyDescriptor Implements System.ComponentModel.IBindingList.SortProperty Get End Get End Property#End Region#End Region
实现了ItypedList接口,虽然我们绑定到datagrid已实现了我们的要求,但是这时,不能编辑,不能添加,不能删除,如果要实现这些功能,我们就需要实现IBindingList接口.这个接口主要是用于是否允许编辑,是否允许移除,排序,查找等,排序和查找我没有实现.
这时我以为现在可以正常的完成了绑定,不过事情还没有完,我在进行编辑的时候,有时会有异常产生,在通过google查询绑定方面的资料时,对集合的项目进行改变时要引ListChanged事件.
所以需要重写CollectionBase的一些方法
重写CollectionBase的方法
#Region "重写CollectionBase的方法" '在向 CollectionBase 实例中插入新元素之后执行其他自定义进程。 Protected Overrides Sub OnInsertComplete()Sub OnInsertComplete(ByVal index As Integer, ByVal value As Object) OnListChanged(New ListChangedEventArgs(ListChangedType.ItemAdded, index)) End Sub '在从 CollectionBase 实例中移除元素之后执行其他自定义进程。 Protected Overrides Sub OnRemoveComplete()Sub OnRemoveComplete(ByVal index As Integer, ByVal value As Object) OnListChanged(New ListChangedEventArgs(ListChangedType.ItemDeleted, index)) End Sub '在清除 CollectionBase 实例的内容之后执行其他自定义进程。 Protected Overrides Sub OnClearComplete()Sub OnClearComplete() OnListChanged(New ListChangedEventArgs(ListChangedType.Reset, 0)) End Sub '当在 CollectionBase 实例中设置值后执行其他自定义进程。 Protected Overrides Sub OnSetComplete()Sub OnSetComplete(ByVal index As Integer, ByVal oldValue As Object, ByVal newValue As Object) OnListChanged(New ListChangedEventArgs(ListChangedType.ItemChanged, index)) End Sub#End Region
这样这个实体的绑定基本就完成了,不过我在使用过程出现了一些问题,第一个是我不能像datatabel绑定datagrid那样按esc取消编辑,同时存在一些情况,我不能往datagird里输入值,虽然行是添加成功了,百思不得其解.又查资料.如果要实现按esc取消编辑的功能需要对自定义类实现接口IEditableObject.以下是我实现接口的代码
IEditableObject
#Region " IEditableObject " '编辑标志 Private md_Editing As Boolean '存放当前正在编辑的实例 Private md_editEntity As EntityBase '当进行绑时,并取消编辑时,移除对象 Private md_IsNew As Boolean = True ''' ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- ''' <summary> ''' 开始编辑 ''' </summary> ''' <remarks> ''' </remarks> ''' <history> ''' [zqonline] 2006-09-03 Created ''' </history> ''' ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Public Sub BeginEdit()Sub BeginEdit() Implements System.ComponentModel.IEditableObject.BeginEdit If Me.md_IsNew Then '绑定添加 Else '绑定编辑 If Not md_Editing Then Me.md_Editing = True Me.md_editEntity = Activator.CreateInstance(Me.GetType) For Each str As String In Me.AttributeList Me.md_editEntity.SetValue(str, Me.GetValue(str)) Next End If End If End Sub ''' ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- ''' <summary> ''' 取消编辑 ''' </summary> ''' <remarks> ''' </remarks> ''' <history> ''' [zqonline] 2006-09-03 Created ''' </history> ''' ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Public Sub CancelEdit()Sub CancelEdit() Implements System.ComponentModel.IEditableObject.CancelEdit '在绑定时移除新增的对象 If Me.md_IsNew Then RaiseEvent RemoveMe(Me) Else For Each str As String In Me.AttributeList Me.SetValue(str, Me.md_editEntity.GetValue(str)) Next End If Me.md_Editing = False Me.md_IsNew = False End Sub ''' ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- ''' <summary> ''' 结束编辑 ''' </summary> ''' <remarks> ''' </remarks> ''' <history> ''' [zqonline] 2006-09-03 Created ''' </history> ''' ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Public Sub EndEdit()Sub EndEdit() Implements System.ComponentModel.IEditableObject.EndEdit Me.md_Editing = False Me.md_IsNew = False End Sub#End Region
注:我的getValue和setValue方法,是我实体自定义的方法.
这时我才把我自定义实体集合进行绑定时,就没有发现问题了.当然还可以实现IDataErrorInfo 接口.这样当用户在操作datagrid时,输入不合法,就会实时给出提示.
同时我也在我的自定义实体集合增加了rest方法.主要是用于通知绑定控件需要进行数据刷新.
'略去部份代码
End Class
完成....
参考文章:
http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/dnadvnet/html/vbnet02252003.asp
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