Codeforces 451 E Devu and Flowers

Discription

Devu wants to decorate his garden with flowers. He has purchased n boxes, where the i-th box contains f_i flowers. All flowers in a single box are of the same color (hence they are indistinguishable). Also, no two boxes have flowers of the same color.

Now Devu wants to select exactly s flowers from the boxes to decorate his garden. Devu would like to know, in how many different ways can he select the flowers from each box? Since this number may be very large, he asks you to find the number modulo (10⁹ + 7).

Devu considers two ways different if there is at least one box from which different number of flowers are selected in these two ways.

Input

The first line of input contains two space-separated integers n and s (1 ≤ n ≤ 20, 0 ≤ s ≤ 10¹⁴).

The second line contains n space-separated integers f₁, f₂, ... f_n (0 ≤ f_i ≤ 10¹²).

Output

Output a single integer — the number of ways in which Devu can select the flowers modulo (10⁹ + 7).

Example

Input

2 3
1 3

Output

2

Input

2 4
2 2

Output

1

Input

3 5
1 3 2

Output

3

Note

Sample 1. There are two ways of selecting 3 flowers: {1, 2} and {0, 3}.

Sample 2. There is only one way of selecting 4 flowers: {2, 2}.

Sample 3. There are three ways of selecting 5 flowers: {1, 2, 2}, {0, 3, 2}, and {1, 3, 1}.

 

 

 

容斥一波直接带走

 

#include<bits/stdc++.h>
#define ll long long
using namespace std;
const int maxn=1100005;
const int ha=1000000007;
int ci[33],tag[maxn],n,inv[33];
ll sum[maxn],S,ans=0;

inline int add(int x,int y){
	x+=y;
	return x>=ha?x-ha:x;
}

inline void init(){
	ci[0]=1;
	for(int i=1;i<=20;i++) ci[i]=ci[i-1]<<1;
	inv[1]=1;
	for(int i=2;i<=20;i++) inv[i]=-inv[ha%i]*(ll)(ha/i)%ha+ha;
}

inline int C(int x,int y){
	int an=1;
	for(int i=1;i<=y;i++) an=an*(ll)(x-i+1)%ha*(ll)inv[i]%ha;
	return an;
}

inline void solve(){
	tag[0]=1,sum[0]=0;
	for(int i=0;i<ci[n];i++){
		if(i) tag[i]=-tag[i^(i&-i)];
		sum[i]=sum[i^(i&-i)]+sum[i&-i];
		if(sum[i]<=S) ans=add(ans,add(tag[i]*C((S-sum[i]+n-1)%ha,n-1),ha));
	}
}

int main(){
	init();
	scanf("%d%I64d",&n,&S);
	for(int i=0;i<n;i++) scanf("%I64d",sum+ci[i]),sum[ci[i]]++;
	solve();
	printf("%I64d\n",ans);
	return 0;
}

 

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/JYYHH/p/8607126.html