Selenium+ParamUnittest+HTMLTestReportCN实现参数化自动化测试

最新推荐文章于 2021-03-04 18:51:46 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2021-03-04 18:51:46 发布

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原文链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/xken/p/8908114.html

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自动化测试入门从虫师的selenium教程开始，感谢虫师大大。进入虫师的博客

最近在项目中开始使用Python+selenium进行自动化测试，由于大部分功能点需要使用多个场景才能覆盖，这样通常需要对测试的功能写多个方法，我觉得比较麻烦，不符合Python代码的简洁化；所以在网上百度了下，可以使用paramunittest实现参数化，废话不多说，直接上代码

我使用的是Python3+unittest+selenium+ParamUnittest，HTMLTestReportCN用于生成测试报告。

** 贴上ParamUnittest的下载路径：点此获取

也可以使用pip进行安装：pip install ParamUnittest

** 贴上HTMLTestReportCN的下载路径：点此获取

HTMLTestReportCN是从HTMLTestRunner改写的，增加了一些样式美化，其中jquery和bootstrap使用的是百度，需要在外网下才能使用

ParamUnittest可以从数组中获取用例，我的方法是先将用例写到excel中，再读取excel获取用例组

1、创建getDir.py用于获取文件路径　

 1 # !/usr/bin/python3
 2 
 3 """
 4 FileName    : getDir.py
 5 Author      : ken
 6 Date        : 2018-04-21
 7 Describe    : get path
 8 """
 9 import os
10 
11 currentDir = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__))
12 proDir = os.path.split(currentDir)[0]

2、贴上读写excel的代码：

1）如下代码中，类PyExcel使用xlwt写数据到Excel中，xlrd从Excel中读取数据

2）方法get_excel_value，从Excel中读取用例组

  1 # !/usr/bin/python3
  2 
  3 """
  4 FileName    : common.py
  5 Author      : ken
  6 Date        : 2018-04-21
  7 Describe    : common method for test
  8 """
  9 
 10 import os
 11 
 12 import xlrd
 13 import xlwt
 14 
 15 from commonFile import getDir
 16 from commonFile.Log import MyLog
 17 
 18 proDir = getDir.proDir
 19 
 20 
 21 class PyExcel:
 22     """Use the given excel_name and sheet_name, sheet_value, write excel and read excel.
 23         1. write_excel
 24         2. read_excel
 25     """
 26     TestFile = os.path.join(proDir, "testFile")
 27     suffix = ".xls"
 28 
 29     def __init__(self, excel_name, sheet_name=None, sheet_value=None):
 30         """
 31         initialization parameter
 32         :param excel_name: The file suffix must be "xls"
 33         :param sheet_name: set the workbook's sheetName
 34         :param sheet_value: The type of object must be "list" or "tuple"
 35         """
 36         self.excel_name = excel_name
 37         self.sheet_name = sheet_name
 38         self.sheet_value = sheet_value
 39 
 40         self.logger = MyLog.get_log().get_logger()
 41 
 42         if not str(self.excel_name).endswith(self.suffix):
 43             raise Exception('%s suffix is not "%s"' %
 44                             (self.excel_name, self.suffix))
 45         self.EXCEL_PATH = os.path.join(self.TestFile, self.excel_name)
 46 
 47         if self.sheet_value is not None:
 48             try:
 49                 if isinstance(self.sheet_value, list) or isinstance(self.sheet_value, tuple):
 50                     for i in range(len(self.sheet_value)):
 51                         assert isinstance(self.sheet_value[i], list)
 52             except TypeError as e:
 53                 self.logger.error(e, exc_info=True)
 54                 print(e)
 55 
 56     def write_excel(self):
 57         if self.sheet_name is not None:
 58             wb = xlwt.Workbook()
 59             sheet = wb.add_sheet(self.sheet_name)
 60 
 61             for i in range(len(self.sheet_value)):
 62                 for j in range(len(self.sheet_value[i])):
 63                     sheet.write(i, j, self.sheet_value[i][j])
 64 
 65             wb.save(self.EXCEL_PATH)
 66             print("write date success!")
 67         else:
 68             return False
 69 
 70     def read_excel(self):
 71         workbook = xlrd.open_workbook(self.EXCEL_PATH)
 72         if self.sheet_name:
 73             work_sheet = workbook.sheet_by_name(self.sheet_name)
 74         else:
 75             work_sheet = workbook.sheet_by_index(0)
 76 
 77         for i in range(work_sheet.nrows):
 78             for j in range(work_sheet.ncols):
 79                 print(work_sheet.cell_value(i, j), "\t", end="")
 80             print()
 81 
 82 
 83 def get_excel_value(excel_name, sheet_name):
 84     """
 85     get excel value by given excel_name and sheet_name
 86     :param excel_name:
 87     :param sheet_name:
 88     :return: cls
 89     """
 90     cls = []
 91     excel_path = os.path.join(proDir, "testFile", excel_name)
 92     workbook = xlrd.open_workbook(excel_path)
 93     sheet = workbook.sheet_by_name(sheet_name)
 94     nrows = sheet.nrows
 95 
 96     for i in range(nrows):
 97         if sheet.row_values(i)[0] != "case_name":
 98             cls.append(sheet.row_values(i))
 99     return cls
100 
101 
102 if __name__ == "__main__":
103     value = (
104         ["case_name", "username", "password", "excepted"],
105         ["用户名正确，密码错误", "qiutiandeyanjin@163.com", "efg", "用户名或密码不正确"],
106         ["有用户名没有密码", "qiutiandeyanjin@163.com", "", "请输入密码"],
107         ["没有用户名有密码", "", "efg", "请输入帐号"]
108     )
109     excel = PyExcel(excel_name="loginCase.xls", sheet_name="login_test", sheet_value=value)
110     excel.write_excel()
111     excel.read_excel()
112     # test = get_excel_value(excel_name="loginCase.xls", sheet_name="login_test")
113     # print(test)

** 附上写入成功的Excel截图

3、如下为登录小米网站的测试用例

1）如下47行代码这样写是为了能将用例名称写入到测试报告（不是很清楚这样写对不对，但是还是搞定了，?），尝试了多次才搞定这个小功能，所以遇到问题无法解决时，是可以从源码开始找解决方案的，虽然也有可能解决不了，但是也会让你离问题的原因越来越近

 1 # !/usr/bin/python3
 2 
 3 """
 4 FileName    : test_login.py
 5 Author      : ken
 6 Date        : 2018-04-21
 7 Describe    : user the paramUnittest, test login
 8 """
 9 import os
10 import time
11 import unittest
12 from time import sleep
13 
14 import paramunittest
15 from selenium import webdriver
16 
17 from commonFile import getDir
18 from commonFile.common import get_excel_value
19 
20 proDir = getDir.proDir
21 now = time.strftime("%Y_%m_%d %H:%M:%S")
22 loginCase = get_excel_value("loginCase.xls", "login_test")
23 
24 
25 @paramunittest.parametrized(*loginCase)
26 class LoginTest(unittest.TestCase):
27     def setParameters(self, case_name, username, password, excepted):
28         """
29         从 excel 中获取用例
30         :param case_name: 用例名称
31         :param username: 用户名
32         :param password: 密码
33         :param excepted: 期望值
34         :return:
35         """
36         self.case_name = case_name
37         self.username = username
38         self.password = password
39         self.excepted = excepted
40 
41     def setUp(self):
42         self.baseUrl = "http://www.mi.com"
43         self.driver = webdriver.Chrome()
44         self.driver.implicitly_wait(10)  # 静默等待10s
45 
46     def test_login(self):
47         self._testMethodDoc = self.case_name  # 设置用例名称
48         driver = self.driver
49         driver.get(self.baseUrl)
50         driver.find_element_by_xpath("//div[@class='topbar-info']/a[1]").click()
51         sleep(2)
52         driver.find_element_by_css_selector("[id='username']").clear()
53         driver.find_element_by_css_selector("[id='username']").send_keys(self.username)
54         driver.find_element_by_css_selector("[id='pwd']").clear()
55         driver.find_element_by_css_selector("[id='pwd']").send_keys(self.password)
56         driver.find_element_by_css_selector("[class='btns_bg']>input").click()
57         sleep(1)
58         # 获取登录错误信息
59         error_msg = driver.find_element_by_css_selector("#login-main-form > div > "
60                                                         "div.err_tip > div > span").text
61         self.assertEqual(error_msg, self.excepted)
62 
63     def get_screenshot(self):
64         file_path = os.path.join(proDir, "testFile", "shots")
65         if not os.path.exists(file_path):
66             os.mkdir(file_path)
67         shot_name = "screenshot_%s.png" % now
68         shot_path = os.path.join(proDir, file_path, shot_name)
69         self.driver.get_screenshot_as_file(shot_path)
70 
71     def tearDown(self):
72         self.get_screenshot()
73         self.driver.quit()
74 
75 
76 if __name__ == "__main__":
77     unittest.main(verbosity=2)

4、使用unittest.defaultTestLoader.discover获取用例，再使用HTMLTestReportCN生成测试报告

 1 # !/usr/bin/python3
 2 
 3 """
 4 FileName    : run_test.py
 5 Author      : ken
 6 Date        : 2018-04-22
 7 Describe    : use the unittest and HTMLTestRunner, run all test case
 8 """
 9 import os
10 import time
11 import unittest
12 
13 from commonFile import getDir
14 from commonFile.HTMLTestReportCN import HTMLTestRunner
15 
16 proDir = getDir.proDir
17 now = time.strftime("%Y_%m_%d")
18 
19 if __name__ == "__main__":
20     # setting report dir
21     ReportDir = os.path.join(proDir, "testReport")
22 
23     # setting case dir
24     CaseDir = os.path.join(proDir, "testCase")
25 
26     # search test case
27     discover = unittest.defaultTestLoader.discover(start_dir=CaseDir, pattern="test_*.py")
28 
29     # setting report fileName
30     fileName = "parameterTest_%s.html" % now
31     fp = open(os.path.join(ReportDir, fileName), 'wb')
32 
33     runner = HTMLTestRunner(stream=fp,
34                             title="ParameterTest",
35                             description="use case execution: ",
36                             tester="ken",
37                             verbosity=2)
38 
39     runner.run(discover)