Using DbContext in EF 4.1 Part 1: Introduction and Model 学习摘要-CSDN博客

本文为ADO.NET Blog系列的一部分，介绍使用DbContext进行Entity Framework (EF) 特性学习的方法。主要内容包括模型定义、实体检索、状态管理等，并通过具体代码示例展示了如何使用Code First、Model First和Database First模式。

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这个是 ADO.NET Blog 上的一个系列，我用来参考快速学习 Entity Framework 框架。按照作者推荐先学习 “EF 4.1 Code First Walkthrough” （摘要）和 “EF 4.1 Model & Database First Walkthrough” （摘要）之后再开始这一系列学习。

原文from: http://blogs.msdn.com/b/adonet/archive/2011/01/27/using-dbcontext-in-ef-feature-ctp5-part-1-introduction-and-model.aspx

Series Contents

Part 1: Introduction and Model

Introduces the topics that will be covered in the series
Presents a Code First model that will be used in the subsequent parts

Part 2: Connections and Models

Covers using DbContext constructors to configure the database connection and set the context to work in Code First, Model First, or Database First mode
Shows different ways that the DbSet properties on the context can be defined

Part 3: Finding Entities

Shows how an entity can be retrieved using its primary key value.

Part 4: Add/Attach and Entity States

Shows different ways to add a new entity to the context or attach an existing entity to the context
Covers the different entity states and shows how to change the state of an entity

Part 5: Working with Property Values

Shows how to get and set the current and original values of individual properties
Covers different ways of working with all the property values of an entity
Shows how to get and set the modified state of a property

Part 6: Loading Related Entities

Covers the loading related entities eagerly, lazily, and explicitly

Part 7: Local Data

Shows how to work locally with entities that are already being tracked by the context
Provides some general information on the facilities provided by DbContext for data binding

Part 8: Working with Proxies

Presents some useful tips for working with dynamically generated entity proxies

Part 9: Optimistic Concurrency Patterns

Shows some common patterns for handling optimistic concurrency exceptions

Part 10: Raw SQL Queries

Shows how to send raw queries and commands to the database

Part 11: Load and AsNoTracking

Covers the Load and AsNoTracking LINQ extension methods for loading entities into the context and querying entities with having them be tracked by the context

Part 12: Automatically Detecting Changes

Describes when and how DbContext automatically detects changes in entities provides some pointers for when to switch this off

Model Description

The model below contains four entity types: Princess, Unicorn, Castle, and LadyInWaiting. A princess can have many unicorns and each unicorn is owned by exactly one princess. A princess has exactly one lady-in-waiting in each castle.

A castle has a location represented by the complex type Location, which in turn has a nested complex type ImaginaryWorld

Model Code

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.Entity;
using System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure;
using System.Data.Metadata.Edm;
using System.Data.Objects;
using System.Linq;

namespace Magic.Unicorn
{
    public class Princess : IPerson
    {
        public int Id { get; set; }
        public string Name { get; set; }

        public virtual ICollection<Unicorn> Unicorns { get; set; }
        public virtual ICollection<LadyInWaiting> LadiesInWaiting { get; set; }
    }

    public class Unicorn
    {
        public int Id { get; set; }
        public string Name { get; set; }

        [Timestamp]
        public byte[] Version { get; set; }

        public int PrincessId { get; set; } // FK for Princess reference
        public virtual Princess Princess { get; set; }
    }

    public class Castle
    {
        [Key]
        public string Name { get; set; }

        public Location Location { get; set; }

        public virtual ICollection<LadyInWaiting> LadiesInWaiting { get; set; }
    }

    [ComplexType]
    public class Location
    {
        public string City { get; set; }
        public string Kingdom { get; set; }

        public ImaginaryWorld ImaginaryWorld { get; set; }
    }

    [ComplexType]
    public class ImaginaryWorld
    {
        public string Name { get; set; }
        public string Creator { get; set; }
    }

    public class LadyInWaiting : IPerson
    {
        [Key, Column(Order = 0)]
        [DatabaseGenerated(DatabaseGeneratedOption.None)]
        public int PrincessId { get; set; } // FK for Princess reference

        [Key, Column(Order = 1)]
        public string CastleName { get; set; } // FK for Castle reference

        public string FirstName { get; set; }
        public string Title { get; set; }

        [NotMapped]
        public string Name
        {
            get
            {
                return String.Format("{0} {1}", Title, FirstName);
            }
        }

        public virtual Castle Castle { get; set; }
        public virtual Princess Princess { get; set; }
    }

    public interface IPerson
    {
        string Name { get; }
    }

    public class UnicornsContext : DbContext
    {
        public DbSet<Unicorn> Unicorns { get; set; }
        public DbSet<Princess> Princesses { get; set; }
        public DbSet<LadyInWaiting> LadiesInWaiting { get; set; }
        public DbSet<Castle> Castles { get; set; }
    }

    public class UnicornsContextInitializer : DropCreateDatabaseAlways<UnicornsContext>
    {
        protected override void Seed(UnicornsContext context)
        {
            var cinderella = new Princess { Name = "Cinderella" };
            var sleepingBeauty = new Princess { Name = "Sleeping Beauty" };
            var snowWhite = new Princess { Name = "Snow White" };

            new List<Unicorn>
            {
                new Unicorn { Name = "Binky" , Princess = cinderella },
                new Unicorn { Name = "Silly" , Princess = cinderella },
                new Unicorn { Name = "Beepy" , Princess = sleepingBeauty },
                new Unicorn { Name = "Creepy" , Princess = snowWhite }
            }.ForEach(u => context.Unicorns.Add(u));

            var efCastle = new Castle
            {
                Name = "The EF Castle",
                Location = new Location
                {
                    City = "Redmond",
                    Kingdom = "Rainier",
                    ImaginaryWorld = new ImaginaryWorld
                    {
                        Name = "Magic Unicorn World",
                        Creator = "ADO.NET"
                    }
                },
            };

            new List<LadyInWaiting>
            {
                new LadyInWaiting { Princess = cinderella,
                                    Castle = efCastle,
                                    FirstName = "Lettice",
                                    Title = "Countess" },
                new LadyInWaiting { Princess = sleepingBeauty,
                                    Castle = efCastle,
                                    FirstName = "Ulrika",
                                    Title = "Lady" },
                new LadyInWaiting { Princess = snowWhite,
                                    Castle = efCastle,
                                    FirstName = "Yolande",
                                    Title = "Duchess" }
            }.ForEach(l => context.LadiesInWaiting.Add(l));
        }
    }

    public class Program
    {
        public static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Database.SetInitializer(new UnicornsContextInitializer());

            // Many of the code fragments can be run by inserting them here
        }
    }
}