php 逻辑关系,PHP 逻辑运算符

用户评论:

f dot sylvestris at gmail dot com (2013-04-07 22:11:35)

The lesson I take from this manpage is this: use more parentheses than you think you need. Seriously, before I read this, I thought assignment had the lowest possible precedence. Of course, I always parethesize defensively so that I don't have to bother memorizing operator precedences, but now I'm especially glad I developed that habit.

dartello at gmail dot com (2012-12-12 14:35:44)

Unlike in C/C++ the invertor (Not) in PHP assumes a string:

$a=1;$t= !$a;var_dump($t);?>

The above example will output:

string(0) => ""

To approach the C/C++ handling, this can be solved as follows:

$a=1;

(int)$t= !$a;var_dump($t);

(bool)$u= !a;var_dump($u);?>

The above example will output:

int(0)

bool(false)

phpnet at zc dot webhop dot net (2012-12-07 15:07:06)

This works similar to javascripts short-curcuit assignments and setting defaults. (e.g.  var a = getParm() || 'a default';)

$a gets assigned $_GET['var'] if there's anything in it or it will fallback to 'a default'

Parentheses are required, otherwise you'll end up with $a being a boolean.

momrom at freenet dot de (2009-04-19 08:32:43)

Evaluation of logical expressions is stopped as soon as the result is known.

If you don't want this, you can replace the and-operator by min() and the or-operator by max().

functionb($x) { echo'is '; return$x; }

functionc($x) { echo$x?'true.':'false.';}c(a(false) andb(true) );// Output: Expression false.c(min(a(false),b(true) ) );// Output: Expression is false.c(a(true) orb(true) );// Output: Expression true.c(max(a(true),b(true) ) );// Output: Expression is true.?>

This way, values aren't automaticaly converted to boolean like it would be done when using and or or. Therefore, if you aren't sure the values are already boolean, you have to convert them 'by hand':

c(min( (bool)a(false), (bool)b(true) ) );?>

pepesantillan at gmail dot com (2007-12-23 15:23:20)

worth reading for people learning about php and programming: (adding extras <?php  ?> to get highlighted code)

about the following example in this page manual:

Example#1 Logical operators illustrated

...

<?php // "||" has a greater precedence than "or"$e=false||true;// $e will be assigned to (false || true) which is true$f=falseortrue;// $f will be assigned to falsevar_dump($e,$f);// "&&" has a greater precedence than "and"$g=true&&false;// $g will be assigned to (true && false) which is false$h=trueandfalse;// $h will be assigned to truevar_dump($g,$h);?>_______________________________________________end of my quote...

If necessary, I wanted to give further explanation on this and say that when we write:

$f = false or true; // $f will be assigned to false

the explanation:

"||" has a greater precedence than "or"

its true. But a more acurate one would be

"||" has greater precedence than "or" and than "=", whereas "or" doesnt have greater precedence than "=", so

$f=falseortrue;//is like writting($f=false) ortrue;//and$e=false||true;is the sameas$e= (false||true);?>

same goes for "&&" and "AND".

If you find it hard to remember operators precedence you can always use parenthesys - "(" and ")". And even if you get to learn it remember that being a good programmer is not showing you can do code with fewer words. The point of being a good programmer is writting code that is easy to understand (comment your code when necessary!), easy to maintain and with high efficiency, among other things.

paranoiq at centrum dot cz (2007-11-19 08:00:01)

and, or and xor can be used as conditional constructs:

}?>

for understanding what happens if $b is NULL or do_this() returns NULL, read the avbentem's comment on NULL type. generaly speaking, NULL is threated like false in most cases.

peter dot kutak at NOSPAM dot gmail dot com (2007-10-01 12:36:00)

$test = true and false; ---> $test === true

$test = (true and false); ---> $test === false

$test = true && false; ---> $test === false

NOTE: this is due to the first line actually being

($test = true) and false;

due to "&&" having a higher precedence than "=" while "and" has a lower one

Lawrence (2007-08-28 12:04:13)

Note that PHP's boolean operators *always* return a boolean value... as opposed to other languages that return the value of the last evaluated expression.

For example:

$a = 0 || 'avacado';

print "A: $a\n";

will print:

A: 1

in PHP -- as opposed to printing "A: avacado" as it would in a language like Perl or JavaScript.

This means you can't use the '||' operator to set a default value:

$a = $fruit || 'apple';

instead, you have to use the '?:' operator:

$a = ($fruit ? $fruit : 'apple');

Andrew (2007-08-13 08:49:48)

> <?php>your_function() or return"whatever";

>?>

doesn't work because return is not an expression, it's a statement. if return was a function it'd work fine. :/