python组合绘画,使用Python Matplotlib组合图片和绘图

I have a plot which has timestamps on the x-axis and some signal data on the y-axis. As a documentation I want to put timestamped pictures in relation to specific points in the plot. Is it possible to draw a line in a plot to a picture in a sequence of pictures below the plot?

解决方案

This demo from the matplotlib gallery shows how to insert pictures, draw lines to them, etc. I'll post the image from the gallery, and you can follow the link to see the code.

And here's the code (from version 2.1.2):

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

import numpy as np

from matplotlib.patches import Circle

from matplotlib.offsetbox import (TextArea, DrawingArea, OffsetImage,

AnnotationBbox)

from matplotlib.cbook import get_sample_data

if 1:

fig, ax = plt.subplots()

# Define a 1st position to annotate (display it with a marker)

xy = (0.5, 0.7)

ax.plot(xy[0], xy[1], ".r")

# Annotate the 1st position with a text box ('Test 1')

offsetbox = TextArea("Test 1", minimumdescent=False)

ab = AnnotationBbox(offsetbox, xy,

xybox=(-20, 40),

xycoords='data',

boxcoords="offset points",

arrowprops=dict(arrowstyle="->"))

ax.add_artist(ab)

# Annotate the 1st position with another text box ('Test')

offsetbox = TextArea("Test", minimumdescent=False)

ab = AnnotationBbox(offsetbox, xy,

xybox=(1.02, xy[1]),

xycoords='data',

boxcoords=("axes fraction", "data"),

box_alignment=(0., 0.5),

arrowprops=dict(arrowstyle="->"))

ax.add_artist(ab)

# Define a 2nd position to annotate (don't display with a marker this time)

xy = [0.3, 0.55]

# Annotate the 2nd position with a circle patch

da = DrawingArea(20, 20, 0, 0)

p = Circle((10, 10), 10)

da.add_artist(p)

ab = AnnotationBbox(da, xy,

xybox=(1.02, xy[1]),

xycoords='data',

boxcoords=("axes fraction", "data"),

box_alignment=(0., 0.5),

arrowprops=dict(arrowstyle="->"))

ax.add_artist(ab)

# Annotate the 2nd position with an image (a generated array of pixels)

arr = np.arange(100).reshape((10, 10))

im = OffsetImage(arr, zoom=2)

im.image.axes = ax

ab = AnnotationBbox(im, xy,

xybox=(-50., 50.),

xycoords='data',

boxcoords="offset points",

pad=0.3,

arrowprops=dict(arrowstyle="->"))

ax.add_artist(ab)

# Annotate the 2nd position with another image (a Grace Hopper portrait)

fn = get_sample_data("grace_hopper.png", asfileobj=False)

arr_img = plt.imread(fn, format='png')

imagebox = OffsetImage(arr_img, zoom=0.2)

imagebox.image.axes = ax

ab = AnnotationBbox(imagebox, xy,

xybox=(120., -80.),

xycoords='data',

boxcoords="offset points",

pad=0.5,

arrowprops=dict(

arrowstyle="->",

connectionstyle="angle,angleA=0,angleB=90,rad=3")

)

ax.add_artist(ab)

# Fix the display limits to see everything

ax.set_xlim(0, 1)

ax.set_ylim(0, 1)

plt.show()