linux管理磁盘存储,linux基本存储介质管理和硬盘管理

[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sda

Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.

Be careful before using the write command.

Command (m for help): m

Command action

a   toggle a bootable flag                              #设置启动的扇区

b   edit bsd disklabel

c   toggle the dos compatibility flag

d   delete a partition                                  #删除一个分区

g   create a new empty GPT partition table

G   create an IRIX (SGI) partition table

l   list known partition types

m   print this menu                                    #fdisk帮助信息

n   add a new partition                                #增加一个分区

o   create a new empty DOS partition table

p   print the partition table                          #打印分区

q   quit without saving changes                        #退出分区，不保存

s   create a new empty Sun disklabel

t   change a partition's system id

u   change display/entry units

v   verify the partition table

w   write table to disk and exit                       #保存并退出

x   extra functionality (experts only)

Command (m for help): n                                #增加一个主分区

Partition type:

p   primary (3 primary, 0 extended, 1 free)          #已有3个主区，只有一个free

e   extended

Select (default e): p                                   #主分区

Selected partition 4                                    #主分区号

First sector (49891328-83886079, default 49891328):     #增加分区的开始扇面，选择默认

Using default value 49891328

Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (49891328-83886079, default 83886079): +3G  #新建分区的大小3G，默认的情况下使用全部可用空间

Partition 4 of type Linux and of size 3 GiB is set

Command (m for help): p            #打印下分区情况

Disk /dev/sda: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes, 83886080 sectors

Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk label type: dos

Disk identifier: 0x0005926e

Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sda1   *        2048     1640447      819200   83  Linux

/dev/sda2         1640448    47794175    23076864   8e  Linux LVM

/dev/sda3        47794176    49891327     1048576   83  Linux

/dev/sda4        49891328    56182783     3145728   83  Linux

Command (m for help): w                #保存退出

The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.

The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at

the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)

Syncing disks.                                #提示使用partprobe(8) or kpartx(8) 重新读取分区