oracle中的sbt库是什么,rman介质管理库SBT实现及测试

首先什么是机制管理器，以下是我在网络上粘贴的关于介质管理器的介绍。

通过使用介质管理器，RMAN将数据备份到磁带上。介质管理器(Media Manager)由第三方软件商提供，它将数据块中的数据流从RMAN通道进程传递到相应的磁带中。

计算机系统必需安装了介质管理(MM)客户端才能使用介质管理器。介质管理的客户端可以连接MM服务器，并通过网络传送数据。还必须为介质管理器安装Oracle模块。Oracle模块(Oracle Moudle)是一个用于Oracle RDBMS的软件插件，它可以连接RMAN与客户端介质管理软，后者可以把数据传送到MM服务器。Oracle的插件名称是介质管理库(MEDIA MANAGEMENT LIBRARY 简写MML)。

oracle 自带默认的sbt库，我们可以使用如下的语句来测试：

CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE 'SBT_TAPE' clear;

run

{

allocate channel ch1 type 'sbt_tape' maxpiecesize=3072M PARMS="SBT_LIBRARY=oracle.disksbt,ENV=(BACKUP_DIR=E:\backup)";

backup incremental level 0 format 'E:\backup\ORDB_%d_%s_%p_%t' database tag '2013_09_24_15_53_05';

release channel ch1;

}

他会将数据库与通过sbt库备份到本地磁盘上你指定的目录中，eg：E:\backup。

那么我们如何自己实现一份定制功能的sbt库呢？

win 下rman备份到带库时会默认加载orasbt.dll，Linux下会默认加载libobk.so 文件，unix 下除开AIX加载libobk.a 外，其他的与Linux相同。另外值得注意的是，编译sbt需要使用原生的编译器，例如aix 下用xlc， solaris下使用CC

我实验的环境是win，我的想法很简单，就是实现一个和oracle默认的带库一致的库文件，将数据备份到本地。oracle公布了sbt的接口文档，你只需要实现对应的接口就可以。编译成orasbt.dll文件，放到C:\Windows\System32 下。

然后执行rman备份命令：

run {

allocate channel ch1 device type 'sbt_tape';

allocate channel ch2 device type 'sbt_tape';

backup incremental level 0 format 'C:\anybacktemp\ORDB_%d_%s_%p_%t' database tag '2013_09_25_15_23_55';

release channel ch1;

release channel ch2;

}

首先贴上我的库文件运行的日志文件。

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtinit begin ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 742

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtpvt_strscat begin, ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 3114

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtpvt_strscat end, ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 3126

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtinit end  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 823

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtinit2 begin  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1247

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtinit2 oraclepid= 2084  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1298

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtinit2 end, ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1455

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtinit begin ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 742

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtpvt_strscat begin, ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 3114

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtpvt_strscat end, ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 3126

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtinit end  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 823

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtinit2 begin  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1247

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtinit2 oraclepid= 3348  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1298

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtinit2 end, ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1455

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtbackup begin  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 840

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtbackup buffer=C:\anybacktemp\ORDB_DUPDB2_66_1_879492872  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 877

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtbackup fPtr[84]=0000000000000000  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 879

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtbackup fPtr[84]=000000007586F660  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 881

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtpvt_sbtobject begin, ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 3147

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtpvt_sbtobject end, ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 3162

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtbackup end  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 916

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtwrite2 fPtr[84]=000000007586F660  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1652

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtwrite2 fPtr[84]=000000007586F660  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1652

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtwrite2 fPtr[84]=000000007586F660  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1652

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtbackup begin  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 840

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtbackup buffer=C:\anybacktemp\ORDB_DUPDB2_67_1_879492872  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 877

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtbackup fPtr[1348]=0000000000000000  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 879

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtbackup fPtr[1348]=000000007586F690  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 881

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtpvt_sbtobject begin, ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 3147

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtpvt_sbtobject end, ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 3162

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtbackup end  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 916

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtwrite2 fPtr[84]=000000007586F660  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1652

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtwrite2 fPtr[84]=000000007586F660  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1652

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtwrite2 fPtr[84]=000000007586F660  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1652

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtwrite2 fPtr[1348]=000000007586F690  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1652

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtwrite2 fPtr[84]=000000007586F660  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1652

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtwrite2 fPtr[1348]=000000007586F690  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1652

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtwrite2 fPtr[84]=000000007586F660  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1652

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtwrite2 fPtr[84]=000000007586F660  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1652

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtwrite2 fPtr[84]=000000007586F660  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1652

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtwrite2 fPtr[84]=000000007586F660  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1652

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtwrite2 fPtr[84]=000000007586F660  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1652

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtwrite2 fPtr[84]=000000007586F660  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1652

··········//省略部分日志

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtwrite2 fPtr[84]=000000007586F660  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1652

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtwrite2 fPtr[84]=000000007586F660  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1652

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtwrite2 fPtr[84]=000000007586F660  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1652

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtwrite2 fPtr[84]=000000007586F660  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1652

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtclose2 begin  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 922

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtclose2 fPtr[84]=000000007586F660  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 956

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtclose2 fPtr[84]=0000000000000000  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 961

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtclose2 end  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 962

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtinfo2 begin  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1149

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtinfo2 ,backup_file_name = ORDB_DUPDB2_68_1_879492898, ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1183

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtinfo2 end  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1236

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtbackup begin  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 840

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtbackup buffer=C:\anybacktemp\ORDB_DUPDB2_69_1_879492901  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 877

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtbackup fPtr[1348]=0000000000000000  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 879

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtbackup fPtr[1348]=000000007586F660  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 881

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtpvt_sbtobject begin, ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 3147

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtpvt_sbtobject end, ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 3162

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtbackup end  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 916

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtwrite2 fPtr[1348]=000000007586F660  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1652

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtclose2 begin  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 922

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtclose2 fPtr[1348]=000000007586F660  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 956

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtclose2 fPtr[1348]=0000000000000000  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 961

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtclose2 end  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 962

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtinfo2 begin  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1149

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtinfo2 ,backup_file_name = ORDB_DUPDB2_69_1_879492901, ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1183

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtinfo2 end  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1236

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtend begin  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1011

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtend fPtr[84]=0000000000000000  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1073

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtend fPtr[84]=0000000000000000  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1078

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtend end  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1079

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtend begin  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1011

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtend fPtr[1348]=0000000000000000  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1073

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtend fPtr[1348]=0000000000000000  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1078

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtend end  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1079

从日志里，大家可以更清晰的看到执行顺序，sbtinit() -> sbtinit2() -> sbtbackup() -> sbtwrite2() -> sbtclose2() -> sbtinfo2() ->sbtend()

init函数顾名思义是执行初始化，backup函数开始执行备份生成备份片，write2 函数测循环的每次写块，默认262144(256K)到备份片中。close2 结束当前备份片的备份，info2 记录当前备份片的信息，end释放通道结束备份。

备份出来的备份片是否可以恢复，我不敢确定，所以使用了上文提到的dbms_backup_restore包，来验证是否可以提取其中的文件。

脚本如下：

DECLARE

devtype varchar2(256);

done boolean;

BEGIN

devtype:=sys.dbms_backup_restore.deviceAllocate(type=>'sbt_tape',ident=>'T1');

sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreSetDatafile;

sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreDatafileTo(dfnumber=>1,toname=>'C:\anybacktemp\system01.dbf');

sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreDatafileTo(dfnumber=>2,toname=>'C:\anybacktemp\undotbs01.dbf');

sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreDatafileTo(dfnumber=>4,toname=>'C:\anybacktemp\users01.dbf');

sys.dbms_backup_restore.restoreBackupPiece(done=>done,handle=>'C:\anybacktemp\ORDB_DUPDB2_66_1_879492872',params=>null);

sys.dbms_backup_restore.deviceDeallocate;

end;

/

注意此处分配的通道也必须是sbt_tape ，相应的调用的还是我们自己编写的sbt库。最终验证通过，成功提取出了对应的数据文件。

相应的贴上对应的日志：

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtinit begin ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 742

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtpvt_strscat begin, ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 3114

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtpvt_strscat end, ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 3126

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtinit end  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 823

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtinit2 begin  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1247

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtinit2 oraclepid= 3952  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1298

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtinit2 end, ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1455

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtinfo2 begin  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1149

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtinfo2 ,backup_file_name = ORDB_DUPDB2_66_1_879492872, ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1183

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtinfo2 ,backup_file_name = ORDB_DUPDB2_67_1_879492872, ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1183

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtinfo2 end  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1236

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtrestore begin backup_file_name：ORDB_DUPDB2_66_1_879492872, ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1568

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtrestore fPtr[1952]=0000000000000000  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1599

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtrestore buffer=C:\anybacktemp\ORDB_DUPDB2_66_1_879492872  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1603

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtrestore fPtr[1952]=000000007586F660  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1606

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtrestore end, ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1630

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtread2 fPtr[1952]=000000007586F660  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1475

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtread2 fPtr[1952]=000000007586F660  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1475

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtread2 fPtr[1952]=000000007586F660  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1475

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtread2 fPtr[1952]=000000007586F660  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1475

······//省略部分日志

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtread2 fPtr[1952]=000000007586F660  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1475

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtread2 fPtr[1952]=000000007586F660  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1475

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtread2 fPtr[1952]=000000007586F660  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1475

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtread2 fPtr[1952]=000000007586F660  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1475

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtread2 fPtr[1952]=000000007586F660  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1475

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtread2 fPtr[1952]=000000007586F660  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1475

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtread2 fPtr[1952]=000000007586F660  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1475

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtpvt_error begin, ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 3723

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtpvt_error end, ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 3758

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtread2, ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1479

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbterror begin  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1089

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbterror end  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1139

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtclose2 begin  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 922

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtclose2 fPtr[1952]=000000007586F660  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 956

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtclose2 fPtr[1952]=0000000000000000  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 961

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtclose2 end  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 962

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtend begin  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1011

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtend fPtr[1952]=0000000000000000  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1073

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtend fPtr[1952]=0000000000000000  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1078

[May 12 2015 15:38:18] sbtend end  ..\skgfqsbt_windows.cpp, 1079

因为是单通道，这里大家可以更加清晰的看到函数的执行顺序。

当然并不是sbt只有这些接口而已，只是我的实现中主要用到了这些接口，所以用日志的方式展现出来，达到简洁明了的效果。

下面我会将大部分接口名称贴出来，供大家参考：

#define sbtbackup_p(s)         (*(s).sbt_mms_fptr_sbtbackup)

#define sbtclose2_p(s)         (*(s).sbt_mms_fptr_sbtclose2)

#define sbtcommand_p(s)        (*(s).sbt_mms_fptr_sbtcommand)

#define sbtend_p(s)            (*(s).sbt_mms_fptr_sbtend)

#define sbterror_p(s)          (*(s).sbt_mms_fptr_sbterror)

#define sbtinfo2_p(s)          (*(s).sbt_mms_fptr_sbtinfo2)

#define sbtinit2_p(s)          (*(s).sbt_mms_fptr_sbtinit2)

#define sbtread2_p(s)          (*(s).sbt_mms_fptr_sbtread2)

#define sbtremove2_p(s)        (*(s).sbt_mms_fptr_sbtremove2)

#define sbtrestore_p(s)        (*(s).sbt_mms_fptr_sbtrestore)

#define sbtwrite2_p(s)         (*(s).sbt_mms_fptr_sbtwrite2)

#define sbtpcbackup_p(s)       (*(s).sbt_mms_fptr_sbtpcbackup)

#define sbtpccancel_p(s)       (*(s).sbt_mms_fptr_sbtpccancel)

#define sbtpccommit_p(s)       (*(s).sbt_mms_fptr_sbtpccommit)

#define sbtpcend_p(s)          (*(s).sbt_mms_fptr_sbtpcend)

#define sbtpcquerybackup_p(s)  (*(s).sbt_mms_fptr_sbtpcquerybackup)

#define sbtpcqueryrestore_p(s) (*(s).sbt_mms_fptr_sbtpcqueryrestore)

#define sbtpcrestore_p(s)      (*(s).sbt_mms_fptr_sbtpcrestore)

#define sbtpcstart_p(s)        (*(s).sbt_mms_fptr_sbtpcstart)

#define sbtpcstatus_p(s)       (*(s).sbt_mms_fptr_sbtpcstatus)

#define sbtpcvalidate_p(s)     (*(s).sbt_mms_fptr_sbtpcvalidate)

以上就是我初次与大家分享的实践经验，不足之处请大家指教。