标准配置 mysql 5.7_MySql标准化安装(v5.6, v5.7)

一、硬件部分

Linux环境检查

关闭numa

限制设置 /etc/security/limits.conf & 网络优化

Swap

IO调度

文件系统

selinux & iptables

下面我们一个一个来讲

1.numa

numa的关闭方法可以通过bios关闭，也可以在操作系统层面关闭，这里推荐在bios关闭。

查看是否开启numa

grep -i numa /var/log/dmesg

讲一下在操作系统怎么关闭

cat /boot/grub/grub.conf

在内核对应的位置添加numa=off或者numactl --interleave=all

2.限制设置&网络优化

查看系统设置

ulimit -a

主要注意

open files可以改成65535

max user processes可以改成65535

/etc/security/limits.d/xxx.conf

网络优化方面MySQL可以做的就比较少了，可以看博客：http://wubx.net/php-connect-mysql-hy000-2003/

3.Swap

对于swap把握两个原则：

(1)对于大内存的服务器(64G)，可以完全关闭swap

(2)对于小内存的服务器，swap配置4-8G

4.IO调度

sas:deadline

ssd:noop

echo dealine >/sys/block/{DEV-NAME}/queue/scheduler

5.文件系统

数据目录：ext4或者XFS(推荐)

挂载XFS参数：

(rw, noatime,nodiratime,nobarrier)

mount -o rw,noatime,nodiratime,nobarrier /dev/sdb1 /storage

挂载ext4参数：

ext4 (rw,noatime,nodiratime,nobarrier,data=ordered)

6.selinux & iptables

selinux万年坑，直接关闭吧，骚年

iptables看实际情况，如果跑在内网环境下可以不开iptables，否则还是建议开启iptables为佳。

二、软件部分

yum -y install make gcc-c++ cmake bison-devel ncurses-devel

1.创建用户和用户组

groupadd mysql

useradd -s /sbin/nologin -g mysql -M mysql

2.创建mysql基目录

mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql

更改文件夹所属

chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql

3.创建目录

mkdir -p /data/mysql/{data,logs,tmp}

更改文件夹所属

chown -R mysql.mysql /data/

4.上传安装包并解压到/usr/local/mysql

5.创建mysql配置文件my.cnf

vim my.cnf

#my.cnf

[client]

port = 3306

socket = /tmp/mysql3306.sock

[mysql]

prompt="\\u@\\h [\\d]>"

#pager="less -i -n -S"

#tee=/opt/mysql/query.log

no-auto-rehash #非自动补全

[mysqld]

#misc

user = mysql

basedir = /usr/local/mysql

datadir = /data/mysql/data

port = 3306

socket = /tmp/mysql3306.sock

event_scheduler = 0

tmpdir = /data/mysql/tmp

#timeout

interactive_timeout = 300

wait_timeout = 300

#character set

character-set-server = utf8

open_files_limit = 65535

max_connections = 100

max_connect_errors = 100000

lower_case_table_names =1

#file

#@secure-file-priv=/tmp

#symi replication

#rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled=1

#rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout=1000 # 1 second

#rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled=1

#logs

log-output=file

slow_query_log = 1

slow_query_log_file = slow.log

log-error = error.log

log_warnings = 2

pid-file = mysql.pid

long_query_time = 1

#log-slow-admin-statements = 1

#log-queries-not-using-indexes = 1

log-slow-slave-statements = 1

#binlog

#binlog_format = STATEMENT

binlog_format = row

server-id = 1003306

log-bin = /data/mysql/logs/mysql-bin

max_binlog_size = 256M

sync_binlog = 0

expire_logs_days = 10

#procedure

log_bin_trust_function_creators=1

#file

secure_file_priv="/tmp"

#

gtid-mode = on

enforce-gtid-consistency=1

#relay log

skip_slave_start = 1

max_relay_log_size = 1024M

relay_log_purge = 1

relay_log_recovery = 1

relay-log=relay-bin

relay-log-index=relay-bin.index

log_slave_updates

#slave-skip-errors=1032,1053,1062

#skip-grant-tables

#buffers & cache

table_open_cache = 2048

table_definition_cache = 2048

table_open_cache = 2048

max_heap_table_size = 96M

sort_buffer_size = 128K

join_buffer_size = 128K

thread_cache_size = 200

query_cache_size = 0

query_cache_type = 0

query_cache_limit = 256K

query_cache_min_res_unit = 512

thread_stack = 192K

tmp_table_size = 96M

key_buffer_size = 8M

read_buffer_size = 2M

read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M

bulk_insert_buffer_size = 32M

#myisam

myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M

myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G

myisam_repair_threads = 1

#innodb

innodb_buffer_pool_size = 4G

innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 1

innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:1024M:autoextend

innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2

innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M

innodb_log_file_size = 1024M

innodb_log_files_in_group = 3

innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 50

innodb_file_per_table = 1

innodb_rollback_on_timeout

innodb_io_capacity = 2000

transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED

innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT

6.初始化数据库

mysql5.6:/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/data/mysql/data --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=mysql

mysql5.7:/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --initialize

若出现

(Can't locate Data/Dumper.pm in @INC (@INC contains: /usr/local/lib64/perl5 /usr/local/share/perl5 /usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/share/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/lib64/perl5 /usr/share/perl5 .) at scripts/mysql_install_db line 42.

BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at scripts/mysql_install_db line 42.)

执行下面命令

yum install 'perl(Data::Dumper)'

7.添加环境变量

vim /etc/profile

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin

8.环境变量生效

. /etc/profile

9.启动数据库服务

mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf 2>&1 > /dev/null &

10.更改系统变量

echo "export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin" >>/etc/profile

source /etc/profile

转自：

https://www.jianshu.com/p/74de140e84b1