10.1、rsyslog简介
syslog是一个历史悠久的日志系统。几乎所有的UNIX和Linux操作系统都采用syslog进行系统日志的管理和配置。Linux系统内核和许多程序会产生各种错误信息、警告信息和其他的提示信息。syslog可以根据信息的来源以及信息的重要程度将信息保存到不同的日志文件中。在默认的syslog配置下,日志文件通常都保存在/var/log目录下,在Centos6中,syslog的守护进程为rsyslog,系统启动时,默认会自动运行rsyslog守护进程。
在syslog中定义了一些日志文件,这些日志文件的位置以及说明:/var/log/dmesg 记录init进程启动之前的信息
/sbin/init 进程启动后日志需要滚动(日志切割)
/var/log/maillog 邮件系统产生的日志信息
/var/log/secure 安全系统产生的日志信息
/var/log/messages系统标准错误日志信息;非内核产生引导信息;各子系统产生的信息
10.2、rsyslog配置
syslog的配置文件为/etc/rsyslog.conf,在该文件中指定了rsyslog记录日志的信息来源、信息类型以及保存位置。[root@mylinux log]# cat /etc/rsyslog.conf
# rsyslog v5 configuration file
# For more information see /usr/share/doc/rsyslog-*/rsyslog_conf.html
# If you experience problems, see http://www.rsyslog.com/doc/troubleshoot.html
#### MODULES ####
$ModLoad imuxsock # provides support for local system logging (e.g. via logger command)
$ModLoad imklog # provides kernel logging support (previously done by rklogd)
#$ModLoad immark # provides --MARK-- message capability
# Provides UDP syslog reception
#$ModLoad imudp
#$UDPServerRun 514
# Provides TCP syslog reception
#$ModLoad imtcp
#$InputTCPServerRun 514
#### GLOBAL DIRECTIVES ####
# Use default timestamp format
$ActionFileDefaultTemplate RSYSLOG_TraditionalFileFormat
# File syncing capability is disabled by default. This feature is usually not required,
# not useful and an extreme performance hit
#$ActionFileEnableSync on
# Include all config files in /etc/rsyslog.d/
$IncludeConfig /etc/rsyslog.d/*.conf
#### RULES ####
# Log all kernel messages to the console.
# Logging much else clutters up the screen.
#kern.* /dev/console
# Log anything (except mail) of level info or higher.
# Don't log private authentication messages!
*.info;mail.none;authpriv.none;cron.none /var/log/messages
# The authpriv file has restricted access.
authpriv.* /var/log/secure
# Log all the mail messages in one place.
mail.* -/var/log/maillog
# Log cron stuff
cron.* /var/log/cron
# Everybody gets emergency messages
*.emerg *
# Save