android的rgb转bitmap,Android: 格式为RGB_565的bitmap问题

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-01 10:11:42 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-05-01 10:11:42 发布

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文章标签： android的rgb转bitmap

一般我们写代码的时候，创建的bitmap格式都为ARGB_8888, 包含alpha通道，并且可以获得最好的图片质量。但是有些时候，我们还是会需要使用到格式为RGB_565的bitmap, 以减少需要处理的数据量。

那么创建格式为RGB_565的bitmap有什么问题呢，先看下面一段代码：

#include

struct BitmapFileHeader {

uint16_t bfType;

uint32_t bfSize;

uint16_t bfReserved1;

uint16_t bfReserved2;

uint32_t bfOffBits;

}__attribute__((__packed__));

struct BitmapInfoHeader {

uint32_t biSize;

uint32_t biWidth;

uint32_t biHeight;

uint16_t biPlanes;

uint16_t biBitCount;

uint32_t biCompression;

uint32_t biSizeImage;

uint32_t biXPelsPerMeter;

uint32_t biYPelsPerMeter;

uint32_t biClrUsed;

uint32_t biClrImportant;

};

void saveBitmap(const char *name, int width, int height, int bitCount, const unsigned char *pixels)

{

struct BitmapFileHeader bfh;

struct BitmapInfoHeader bih;

FILE *fp;

char buf[256];

memset(&bfh, 0x00, sizeof(struct BitmapFileHeader));

memset(&bih, 0x00, sizeof(struct BitmapInfoHeader));

bfh.bfType = 0x4d42;

bfh.bfSize = sizeof(bfh) + sizeof(bih) + ((width + 3) & ~3) * height * bitCount / 8;

bfh.bfOffBits = sizeof(bfh) + sizeof(bih);

bih.biSize = sizeof(bih);

bih.biWidth = width;

bih.biHeight = -height; // top-down image

bih.biPlanes = 1;

bih.biBitCount = 16;

bih.biCompression = 0; //BI_RGB;

fp = fopen(name, "w+");

fwrite(&bfh, sizeof(bfh), 1, fp);

fwrite(&bih, sizeof(bih), 1, fp);

fwrite(pixels, ((width + 3) & ~3) * height * bitCount / 8, 1, fp);

fclose(fp);

}

int main(int argc, const char *argv[])

{

unsigned short color_table[] = {

0x0000, 0x0020, 0x0041, 0x0441, 0x0462, 0x0482, 0x04a2, 0x08a3,

0x08c3, 0x08e3, 0x0904, 0x0924, 0x0d25, 0x0d45, 0x0d65, 0x0d86,

0x11a6, 0x11a6, 0x11c7, 0x11e7, 0x1208, 0x1608, 0x1628, 0x1649,

0x1669, 0x1689, 0x1a8a, 0x1aaa, 0x1acb, 0x1aeb, 0x1eeb, 0x1f0c,

0x1f2c, 0x1f4c, 0x1f6d, 0x236d, 0x238e, 0x23ae, 0x23ce, 0x27cf,

0x27ef, 0x240f, 0x2430, 0x2450, 0x2851, 0x2871, 0x2891, 0x28b2,

0x2cd2, 0x2cd2, 0x2cf3, 0x2d13, 0x2d34, 0x3134, 0x3154, 0x3175,

0x3195, 0x31b5, 0x35b6, 0x35d6, 0x35f7, 0x3617, 0x3a17, 0x3a38,

0x3a58, 0x3a78, 0x3a99, 0x3e99, 0x3eba, 0x3eda, 0x3efa, 0x42fb,

0x431b, 0x433b, 0x435c, 0x437c, 0x477d, 0x479d, 0x47bd, 0x47de,

0x4bfe, 0x4bfe, 0x481f, 0x483f, 0x4840, 0x4c40, 0x4c60, 0x4c81,

0x4ca1, 0x50c1, 0x50c2, 0x50e2, 0x5103, 0x5123, 0x5523, 0x5544,

0x5564, 0x5584, 0x55a5, 0x59a5, 0x59c6, 0x59e6, 0x5a06, 0x5e07,

0x5e27, 0x5e47, 0x5e68, 0x5e88, 0x6289, 0x62a9, 0x62c9, 0x62ea,

0x670a, 0x670a, 0x672b, 0x674b, 0x676c, 0x6b6c, 0x6b8c, 0x6bad,

0x6bcd, 0x6fed, 0x6fee, 0x6c0e, 0x6c2f, 0x6c4f, 0x704f, 0x7070,

0x7090, 0x70b0, 0x70d1, 0x74d1, 0x74f2, 0x7512, 0x7532, 0x7933,

0x7953, 0x7973, 0x7994, 0x79b4, 0x7db5, 0x7dd5, 0x7df5, 0x7e16,

0x0236, 0x0236, 0x0257, 0x0277, 0x0298, 0x0698, 0x06b8, 0x06d9,

0x06f9, 0x0b19, 0x0b1a, 0x0b3a, 0x0b5b, 0x0b7b, 0x0f7b, 0x0f9c,

0x0fbc, 0x0fdc, 0x0ffd, 0x13fd, 0x101e, 0x103e, 0x105e, 0x145f,

0x147f, 0x149f, 0x14a0, 0x14c0, 0x18c1, 0x18e1, 0x1901, 0x1922,

0x1d42, 0x1d42, 0x1d63, 0x1d83, 0x1da4, 0x21a4, 0x21c4, 0x21e5,

0x2205, 0x2625, 0x2626, 0x2646, 0x2667, 0x2687, 0x2a87, 0x2aa8,

0x2ac8, 0x2ae8, 0x2f09, 0x2f09, 0x2f2a, 0x2f4a, 0x2f6a, 0x336b,

0x338b, 0x33ab, 0x33cc, 0x33ec, 0x37ed, 0x340d, 0x342d, 0x344e,

0x386e, 0x386e, 0x388f, 0x38af, 0x38d0, 0x3cd0, 0x3cf0, 0x3d11,

0x3d31, 0x4151, 0x4152, 0x4172, 0x4193, 0x41b3, 0x45b3, 0x45d4,

0x45f4, 0x4614, 0x4a35, 0x4a35, 0x4a56, 0x4a76, 0x4a96, 0x4e97,

0x4eb7, 0x4ed7, 0x4ef8, 0x4f18, 0x5319, 0x5339, 0x5359, 0x537a,

0x579a, 0x579a, 0x57bb, 0x57db, 0x57fc, 0x5bfc, 0x581c, 0x583d,

0x585d, 0x5c7d, 0x5c7e, 0x5c9e, 0x5cbf, 0x5cdf, 0x60df, 0x60e0,

};

unsigned short *pixels;

int i, j;

int W = 256*3, H = 256*2;

// create a (256*3)x(256*2)x2 bitmap

pixels = (unsigned short *)malloc(W * H * 2);

for (i = 0; i < H; i++) {

for (j = 0; j < 256; j++) {

*(pixels + W * (H - 1 - i) + j * 3 + 0) = color_table[j];

*(pixels + W * (H - 1 - i) + j * 3 + 1) = color_table[j];

*(pixels + W * (H - 1 - i) + j * 3 + 2) = color_table[j];

}

saveBitmap("bitmap_rgb565.bmp", W, H, 16, (unsigned char *)pixels);

free(pixels);

return 0;

}

这段代码是用来创建一个名为bitmap_rgb565.bmp的图片，图片的宽度为256*3个pixel，高度为256*2个pixel。编译、运行上面的代码可以得到如下图片：

$ gcc -o bitmap_rgb565 bitmap_rgb565.c

$ ./bitmap_rgb565

图片本身没什么特别。

由于有了libgraphics这个库，我们可以很方便地在native代码(JNI)中得到bitmap pixel所对应的内存地址。我们可以接对bitmap中的pixel进行修改。这在java代码中基本上不太可能，虽然Bitmap也提供了如copyPixelsFromBuffer()、copyPixelsToBuffer()、getPixel()、setPixel()等这些方法，但是性能跟不上。下面，我们看一下如何在native层对bitmap的像素点进行操作：

首先在java代码中创建一个格式为RGB_565的Bitmap对象, 再将这个对象通过JNI接口(update())传递给native层：

public class CubicActivity extends Activity {

private static final String TAG = "Cubic";

private static class CubicView extends View {

private Bitmap mBitmap;

private int W = 256 * 3;

private int H = 256 * 2;

public CubicView(Context context) {

super(context);

mBitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(W, H, Bitmap.Config.RGB_565);

}

@Override

protected void onSizeChanged(int w, int h, int oldw, int oldh) {

super.onSizeChanged(w, h, oldw, oldh);

post(new Runnable() {

@Override

public void run() {

update(mBitmap);

invalidate();

}

});

}

@Override

public void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {

super.onDraw(canvas);

canvas.drawBitmap(mBitmap, 0, 0, null);

}

@Override

public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(new CubicView(this));

}

// ----------------------------------------------------

static {

System.loadLibrary("cubic-jni");

}

private static native void update(Bitmap bitmap);

在native层，我们可以通过AndroidBitmap_getInfo()得到bitmap的相关信息，如宽度，高度等。再调用AndroidBitmap_lockPixels()得到bitmap像素点所在的内存地址，操用完成之后再调用AndroidBitmap_unlockPixels()进行提交：

extern "C" void Java_com_brobwind_cubic_CubicActivity_update(JNIEnv *env, jobject, jobject jbitmap)

{

// Get the info.

AndroidBitmapInfo info;

int result = AndroidBitmap_getInfo(env, jbitmap, &info);

if (result < 0) {

throwIllegalStateException(env, (char*)"Cannot get bitmap info");

return;

}

// Lock the pixels.

void* ptr;

result = AndroidBitmap_lockPixels(env, jbitmap, &ptr);