linux5.5zm更改语言,CentOS 8修改系统语言为中文且立即生效

CentOS 8默认安装时候，如果选成英文，看文档的时候有可能会费劲。

有的时候需要man或者help的时候，看中文文档来的快。

locale命令

[root@C8-3 ~]# locale --help

[root@C8-3 ~]# locale --help

Usage: locale [OPTION...] NAME

or: locale [OPTION...] [-a|-m]

Get locale-specific information.

System information:

-a, --all-locales Write names of available locales

-m, --charmaps Write names of available charmaps

Modify output format:

-c, --category-name Write names of selected categories

-k, --keyword-name Write names of selected keywords

-v, --verbose Print more information

-?, --help Give this help list

--usage Give a short usage message

-V, --version Print program version

For bug reporting instructions, please see:

.

locale命令实际显示的是/etc/locale.conf中设定的内容

[root@C8-3 ~]# cat /etc/locale.conf

LANG=en_US.utf8

[root@C8-3 ~]# . /etc/locale.conf

[root@C8-3 ~]# locale

LANG=en_US.utf8

LC_CTYPE="en_US.utf8"

LC_NUMERIC="en_US.utf8"

LC_TIME="en_US.utf8"

LC_COLLATE="en_US.utf8"

LC_MONETARY="en_US.utf8"

LC_MESSAGES="en_US.utf8"

LC_PAPER="en_US.utf8"

LC_NAME="en_US.utf8"

LC_ADDRESS="en_US.utf8"

LC_TELEPHONE="en_US.utf8"

LC_MEASUREMENT="en_US.utf8"

LC_IDENTIFICATION="en_US.utf8"

LC_ALL=

查看系统中已有支持的语言

[root@C8-3 ~]# locale -a

C

C.utf8

en_AG

en_AU

en_AU.utf8

en_BW

en_BW.utf8

en_CA

en_CA.utf8

en_DK

en_DK.utf8

en_GB

en_GB.iso885915

en_GB.utf8

en_HK

en_HK.utf8

en_IE

en_IE@euro

en_IE.utf8

en_IL

en_IN

en_NG

en_NZ

en_NZ.utf8

en_PH

en_PH.utf8

en_SC.utf8

en_SG

en_SG.utf8

en_US

en_US.iso885915

en_US.utf8

en_ZA

en_ZA.utf8

en_ZM

en_ZW

en_ZW.utf8

POSIX

发现没有中文

安装中文语言支持扩展包

[root@C8-3 ~]# yum -y install langpacks-zh_CN

Repository AppStream is listed more than once in the configuration

Repository extras is listed more than once in the configuration

Repository PowerTools is listed more than once in the configuration

Repository centosplus is listed more than once in the configuration

Last metadata expiration check: -1 day, 11:03:52 ago on Thu Nov 5 14:36:43 2020.

Dependencies resolved.

===============================================================================

Package Architecture Version Repository Size

===============================================================================

Installing:

langpacks-zh_CN noarch 1.0-12.el8 AppStream 9.6 k

Installing weak dependencies:

glibc-langpack-zh x86_64 2.28-101.el8 base 2.1 M

Transaction Summary

===============================================================================

Install 2 Packages

Total download size: 2.2 M

Installed size: 15 M

Downloading Packages:

(1/2): langpacks-zh_CN-1.0-12.el8.noarch.rpm 1.1 kB/s | 9.6 kB 00:08

(2/2): glibc-langpack-zh-2.28-101.el8.x86_64.r 175 kB/s | 2.1 MB 00:12

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Total 176 kB/s | 2.2 MB 00:12

Running transaction check

Transaction check succeeded.

Running transaction test

Transaction test succeeded.

Running transaction

Preparing : 1/1

Installing : glibc-langpack-zh-2.28-101.el8.x86_64 1/2

Installing : langpacks-zh_CN-1.0-12.el8.noarch 2/2

Running scriptlet: langpacks-zh_CN-1.0-12.el8.noarch 2/2

Verifying : langpacks-zh_CN-1.0-12.el8.noarch 1/2

Verifying : glibc-langpack-zh-2.28-101.el8.x86_64 2/2

Installed:

langpacks-zh_CN-1.0-12.el8.noarch glibc-langpack-zh-2.28-101.el8.x86_64

Complete!

再次查看，发现有中文了

[root@C8-3 ~]# locale -a

C

C.utf8

en_AG

en_AU

en_AU.utf8

en_BW

en_BW.utf8

en_CA

en_CA.utf8

en_DK

en_DK.utf8

en_GB

en_GB.iso885915

en_GB.utf8

en_HK

en_HK.utf8

en_IE

en_IE@euro

en_IE.utf8

en_IL

en_IN

en_NG

en_NZ

en_NZ.utf8

en_PH

en_PH.utf8

en_SC.utf8

en_SG

en_SG.utf8

en_US

en_US.iso885915

en_US.utf8

en_ZA

en_ZA.utf8

en_ZM

en_ZW

en_ZW.utf8

POSIX

zh_CN

zh_CN.gb18030

zh_CN.gbk

zh_CN.utf8

zh_HK

zh_HK.utf8

zh_SG

zh_SG.gbk

zh_SG.utf8

zh_TW

zh_TW.euctw

zh_TW.utf8

使用localectl命令设定系统语言为中文

查看localectl是否存在

[root@C8-3 ~]# type localectl

localectl is hashed (/usr/bin/localectl)

输入localectl命令并用tab键补全，查看可以跟的参数

[root@C8-3 ~]# localectl

list-keymaps list-x11-keymap-options set-x11-keymap

list-locales list-x11-keymap-variants status

list-x11-keymap-layouts set-keymap

list-x11-keymap-models set-locale

选择set-locale参数 ，tab补全 ,使用LANG=参数查看当前系统支持的语言，相当于locale -a。

[root@C8-3 ~]# localectl set-locale LANG=

C.utf8 en_GB.utf8 en_PH.utf8 zh_CN

en_AG en_HK en_SC.utf8 zh_CN.gb18030

en_AU en_HK.utf8 en_SG zh_CN.gbk

en_AU.utf8 en_IE en_SG.utf8 zh_CN.utf8

en_BW en_IE@euro en_US zh_HK

en_BW.utf8 en_IE.utf8 en_US.iso885915 zh_HK.utf8

en_CA en_IL en_US.utf8 zh_SG

en_CA.utf8 en_IN en_ZA zh_SG.gbk

en_DK en_NG en_ZA.utf8 zh_SG.utf8

en_DK.utf8 en_NZ en_ZM zh_TW

en_GB en_NZ.utf8 en_ZW zh_TW.euctw

en_GB.iso885915 en_PH en_ZW.utf8 zh_TW.utf8

设定系统语言为zh_CN.utf8

[root@C8-3 ~]# localectl set-locale LANG=zh_CN.utf8

查看当前系统语言

[root@C8-3 ~]# locale

LANG=en_US.utf8

LC_CTYPE="en_US.utf8"

LC_NUMERIC="en_US.utf8"

LC_TIME="en_US.utf8"

LC_COLLATE="en_US.utf8"

LC_MONETARY="en_US.utf8"

LC_MESSAGES="en_US.utf8"

LC_PAPER="en_US.utf8"

LC_NAME="en_US.utf8"

LC_ADDRESS="en_US.utf8"

LC_TELEPHONE="en_US.utf8"

LC_MEASUREMENT="en_US.utf8"

LC_IDENTIFICATION="en_US.utf8"

LC_ALL=

发现并没有生效！

[root@C8-3 ~]# type locale

locale is hashed (/usr/bin/locale)

因为重启才会重新加载配置文件

不重启马上生效的办法

手动加载配置文件，使配置文件被加载到内存中去

[root@C8-3 ~]# . /etc/locale.conf

[root@C8-3 ~]# type locale

locale 已被录入哈希表 (/usr/bin/locale)

虽然查看帮助使用中文比较方便，但鉴于所有命令都是英文的，我们还是要习惯于看英文的帮助文档，遇到看不懂的地方再使用此方法修改系统语言。系统语言为全局变量，改完记得再改回去

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