php include函数和readfile,PHP各种读取文件的函数效率对比[Readfile vs include]

It is not often that you can write a PHP script that does

not need to include the contents of different files as

part of it's output. If these includes happen to be php

scripts themselves you have no choice but to use require

or include. However more often than not, the contents are

static, usually html template component. With static

includes you have many more options available. aerwear We

will analyse some of these functions to find out which

one is most suitable when dealing with files with static

content. We use the term function loosely, because

require and include are not real functions but language

constructs.

Function

Brief Description

string file_get_contents ( string filename [, int

use_include_path])

Reads entire file into a string

int fpassthru ( resource handle)

Output all remaining data on a file pointer

string fgets ( resource handle [, int length])

Gets line from file pointer

array file ( string filename [, int

use_include_path])

Reads entire file into an array

require(string filename)

include(string filename)

require_once(string filename)

include_once(string filename)

includes and evaluates the specific file.

int readfile ( string filename [, int

use_include_path])

Outputs a file

We will now attempt to 'include' the contents of a 1

megabyte file into the output produced by our php script.

How you can generate files of specific sizes is described

. The execution times and

peak memory consumption, as reported by xdebug have been

tabulated below.

We compensate for file caching and background processes

by executing each script 4 times and taking the average

(mean) of the result number 2-4. The first result is

always rejected. Any result that appears to be outlier is

rejected. The mean is rounded to 5 decimal places.

Function

Sample Usage

Time (s)

Memory (b)

file_get_contents

echo file_get_contents($filename);

0.00564

1067856

fpassthru

fpassthru($fp);

0.00184

20032

fgets

$fp = fopen($filename,"rb");

while(!feof($fp))

{

echo fgets($fp);

}

0.07190

30768

file

echo join("",file($filename));

0.06464

2185624

require_once

require_once($filename);

0.08065

2067696

include

include($filename);

0.08202

2067696

readfile

readfile($filename);

0.00191

19208

What's obvious from these results is that using fpassthru

is far superior to all other methods. What's not so

obvious is that fpassthru and readfile are equally good.

The fpassthru version runs 0.00007 seconds quicker than

the readfile version. What that really means is that you

need to run the script at least 100000 times to make

significant saving. On memory consumption readfile seems

to have use up around 1kb less than passthru. A kilo byte

is a drop in the ocean for modern web servers with

hundreds of megabytes if not gigabytes of memory.

The only conclusion that can be drawn from these studies

is that fpassthru and readfile are equally good if you

wish to include static content as part of the script's

output.

Before you rush off to change all your includes and

requires into readfiles or fpassthrus let's run the same

test with a smaller (32Kb file). 32Kb is a more realistic

size for an included file.

Function

Time (s)

Memory (b)

32Kb File

1Mb File

32Kb File

1Mb File

file_get_contents

0.00152

0.00564

52480

1067856

fpassthru

0.00117

0.00184

20016

20032

fgets

0.00195

0.07190

30760

30768

file

0.00157

0.06464

87344

2185624

require_once

0.00225

0.08065

67992

2067696

include

0.00222

0.08202

67928

2067624

readfile

0.00117

0.00191

19192

19208

readfile and fpassthru have once again tied for first

place. This new set of results just confirms the fact

that speed and scalability comes from your design and not

from your code. The difference between the best

performance and the worst is just 0.00108s too close to

call.

The most significant feature of these results is that

both fpassthru and readfile scale really well. In other

words, memory consumption and execution time does not

increase significantly with increase in file size. That

does not always mean your script will be faster just

because you use these functions instead of require or

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