lnmp网站服务器搭建,CentOS 5.5上搭建LNMP

CentOS-5.5-x86_64+Nginx+php(Fast-cgi)+MySQL+memcache+eaccelerator生产环境中的安装

说明：本篇文章和这篇使用RedHat 系统上做的有很多类似的地方(见http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-07/66074.htm)，包括软件，只是在做的时候遇到的不同问题以及各个问题的解决，是本篇文章的最重要的地方！

实验环境：

系统：CentOS-5.5-x86_64

# uname -a

Linux centos 2.6.18-194.el5 #1 SMP Fri Apr 2 14:58:35 EDT 2010 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux

# uname -n

centos

# uname -r

2.6.18-194.el5

一、从软件的官方网站下载软件包：

[root@centos ~]#mkdir -p lnmp

[root@centos ~]#cd lnmp

wget http://sysoev.ru/nginx/nginx-0.8.46.tar.gz

wget http://www.php.net/get/php-5.2.14.tar.gz/from/this/mirror

wget http://php-fpm.org/downloads/php-5.2.14-fpm-0.5.14.diff.gz

wget http://downloads.skysql.com/archives/mysql-5.1/mysql-5.1.46-linux-i686-glibc23.tar.gz

wget http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/libiconv/libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz

wget "http://downloads.sourceforge.net/mcrypt/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz?modtime=1171868460&big_mirror=0"

wget "http://downloads.sourceforge.net/mcrypt/mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz?modtime=1194463373&big_mirror=0"

wget http://pecl.php.net/get/memcache-2.2.5.tgz

wget "http://downloads.sourceforge.net/mhash/mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz?modtime=1175740843&big_mirror=0"

wget http://webserver.googlecode.com/files/pcre-8.10.tar.gz

wget http://acelnmp.googlecode.com/files/eaccelerator-0.9.6.1.tar.bz2

wget http://vps.googlecode.com/files/PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz

wget http://mynginx.googlecode.com/files/ImageMagick.tar.gz

wget http://lnmpp.googlecode.com/files/imagick-2.3.0.tgz

二、安装PHP 5.2.14(FastCGI模式)

1、编译安装PHP 5.2.14所需的支持库：

tar zxvf libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz

cd libiconv-1.13.1/

./configure --prefix=/usr/local

make

make install

cd ../

tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz

cd libmcrypt-2.5.8/

yum install gcc gcc-c++ gcc-g77 autoconf automake flex bison bzip2-devel zlib-devel ncurses-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel libtiff-devel freetype-devel pam-devel

-y

./configure

make

make install

/sbin/ldconfig

cd libltdl/

./configure --enable-ltdl-install

make

make install

cd ../../

tar zxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz

cd mhash-0.9.9.9/

./configure

make

make install

cd ../

做必要库的链接

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib/libmcrypt.la

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib/libmhash.a

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib/libmhash.la

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.so

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1

ln -s /usr/local/bin/libmcrypt-config /usr/bin/libmcrypt-config

tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz

cd mcrypt-2.6.8/

/sbin/ldconfig

./configure

make

make install

cd ../

安装mysql

mkdir -pv /mydata/data

tar xf mysql-5.1.46-linux-i686-glibc23.tar.gz  -C /usr/local/

/usr/sbin/groupadd  -g 3306 mysql

/usr/sbin/useradd -g mysql -u 3306 -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql

/bin/chown  -R mysql:mysql /mydata/

/bin/ln  -sv /usr/local/mysql-5.1.46-linux-i686-glibc23  /usr/local/mysql

cd /usr/local/mysql

chown -R　 root:mysql  .

scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/mydata/data

cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

chkconfig --add mysqld

cp support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin

echo "PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin" >> /etc/profile

/sbin/ldconfig

ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/include    /usr/include/mysql

echo "MANPATH  /usr/local/mysql/man"    >> /etc/man.conf

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql /usr/lib/mysql

ln -s /usr/local/mysql/include/mysql /usr/include/mysql

service mysqld restart

cd /root/lnmp/

2、编译安装PHP(FastCGI模式)

tar zxvf php-5.2.14.tar.gz

gzip -cd php-5.2.14-fpm-0.5.14.diff.gz | patch -d php-5.2.14 -p1

cd php-5.2.14/

yum install   libxml2-devel  openssl openssl-devel curl curl-devel   openldap openldap-client openldap-devel openldap-servers  libtool-ltdl-devel  ibtool-ltdl  -y

./configure \

--prefix=/usr/local/php  \                                  //指定安装的位置

--with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc  \   //指定配置文件的位置

--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql  \               //指定mysql的位置

--with--mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/  \

--with-iconv-dir=/usr/local  \                   //指定iconv的位置

--with-freetype-dir  \

--with-jpeg-dir  \                                        //支持jpeg

--with-png-dir  \                                         //支持png

--with-zlib  \

--with-libxml-dir=/usr  \

--enable-xml   \

--disable-rpath  \

--enable-discard-path  \

--enable-safe-mode  \

--enable-bcmath  \

--enable-shmop  \

--enable-sysvsem  \

--enable-inline-optimization  \

--with-curl  \

--with-curlwrappers  \

--enable-mbregex  \

--enable-fastcgi  \

--enable-fpm  \

--enable-force-cgi-redirect  \

--enable-mbstring  \

--with-mcrypt  \                             //支持加密

--with-gd  \                                     //支持gd库，也可以使用imagick

--enable-gd-native-ttf  \

--with-openssl  \                             //支持ssl

--with-mhash  \                              //支持hash算法

--enable-pcntl  \

--enable-sockets  \

--with-ldap  \

--with-ldap-sasl  \

--with-xmlrpc  \

--enable-zip  \

--enable-soap

make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'

make install

cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

cd ../

3、编译安装PHP5扩展模块

tar zxvf memcache-2.2.5.tgz

cd memcache-2.2.5/

/usr/local/php/bin/phpize

./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config

make

make install

cd ../

tar jxvf eaccelerator-0.9.6.1.tar.bz2

cd eaccelerator-0.9.6.1/

/usr/local/php/bin/phpize

./configure --enable-eaccelerator=shared --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config

make

make install

cd ../

tar zxvf PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz

cd PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2/

/usr/local/php/bin/phpize

./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql

make

make install

cd ../

tar zxvf ImageMagick.tar.gz

cd ImageMagick-6.6.5-8/

./configure

make

make install

cd ../

tar zxvf imagick-2.3.0.tgz

cd imagick-2.3.0/

/usr/local/php/bin/phpize

./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config

make

make install

cd ../

4、修改php.ini文件

手工修改：查找/usr/local/php/etc/php.ini中的extension_dir = "./"

修改为extension_dir = "/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/"

并在此行后增加以下几行，然后保存：

extension = "memcache.so"

extension = "pdo_mysql.so"

extension = "imagick.so"

再查找output_buffering = Off

修改为output_buffering = On

再查找 ; cgi.fix_pathinfo=0

修改为cgi.fix_pathinfo=0，即取消注释，使生效，防止Nginx文件类型错误解析漏洞。

自动修改：若嫌手工修改麻烦，可执行以下shell命令，自动完成对php.ini文件的修改：

sed -i 's#extension_dir = "./"#extension_dir = "/usr/local/webserver/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/"\nextension =

"memcache.so"\nextension ="pdo_mysql.so"\nextension = "imagick.so"\n#'  /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

sed -i 's#output_buffering = Off#output_buffering = On#' /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

sed -i "s#; always_populate_raw_post_data = On#always_populate_raw_post_data = On#g" /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

sed -i "s#; cgi.fix_pathinfo=0#cgi.fix_pathinfo=0#g" /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

6、配置eAccelerator加速PHP：

mkdir -p /usr/local/eaccelerator_cache

vi /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

按shift+g键跳到配置文件的最末尾，加上以下配置信息：

引用

[eaccelerator]

zend_extension="/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/eaccelerator.so"

eaccelerator.shm_size="64"

eaccelerator.cache_dir="/usr/local/eaccelerator_cache"

eaccelerator.enable="1"

eaccelerator.optimizer="1"

eaccelerator.check_mtime="1"

eaccelerator.debug="0"

eaccelerator.filter=""

eaccelerator.shm_max="0"

eaccelerator.shm_ttl="3600"

eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="3600"

eaccelerator.shm_only="0"

eaccelerator.compress="1"

eaccelerator.compress_level="9"

7、创建www用户和组，以及供blog.lamphelp.org和www.lamphelp.org两个��拟主机使用的目录：

/usr/sbin/groupadd www

/usr/sbin/useradd -g www www

mkdir -p /data0/htdocs/blog

chmod +w /data0/htdocs/blog

chown -R www:www /data0/htdocs/blog

8、创建php-fpm配置文件(php-fpm是为PHP打的一个FastCGI管理补丁，可以平滑变更php.ini配置而无需重启php-cgi)：

在/usr/local/php/etc/目录中创建php-fpm.conf文件：

rm -f /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

vi /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

输入以下内容(如果您安装 Nginx + PHP 用于程序调试，请将以下的0改为1，

以便显示PHP错误信息，否则，Nginx 会报状态为500的空白错误页)：

All relative paths in this config are relative to php's install prefix

Pid file

/usr/local/php/logs/php-fpm.pid

Error log file

/usr/local/php/logs/php-fpm.log

Log level

notice

When this amount of php processes exited with SIGSEGV or SIGBUS ...

10

... in a less than this interval of time, a graceful restart will be initiated.

Useful to work around accidental curruptions in accelerator's shared memory.

1m

Time limit on waiting child's reaction on signals from master

5s

Set to 'no' to debug fpm

yes

Name of pool. Used in logs and stats.

default

Address to accept fastcgi requests on.

Valid syntax is 'ip.ad.re.ss:port' or just 'port' or '/path/to/unix/socket'

127.0.0.1:9000

Set listen(2) backlog

-1

Set permissions for unix socket, if one used.

In Linux read/write permissions must be set in order to allow connections from web server.

Many BSD-derrived systems allow connections regardless of permissions.

0666

Additional php.ini defines, specific to this pool of workers.

/usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i

0

Unix user of processes

www

Unix group of processes

www

Process manager settings

Sets style of controling worker process count.

Valid values are 'static' and 'apache-like'

static

Sets the limit on the number of simultaneous requests that will be served.

Equivalent to Apache MaxClients directive.

Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN environment in original php.fcgi

Used with any pm_style.

128

Settings group for 'apache-like' pm style

Sets the number of server processes created on startup.

Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected

20

Sets the desired minimum number of idle server processes.

Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected

5

Sets the desired maximum number of idle server processes.

Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected

35

The timeout (in seconds) for serving a single request after which the worker process will be terminated

Should be used when 'max_execution_time' ini option does not stop script execution for some reason

'0s' means 'off'

0s

The timeout (in seconds) for serving of single request after which a php backtrace will be dumped to slow.log file

'0s' means 'off'

0s

The log file for slow requests

logs/slow.log

Set open file desc rlimit

65535

Set max core size rlimit

0

Chroot to this directory at the start, absolute path

Chdir to this directory at the start, absolute path

Redirect workers' stdout and stderr into main error log.

If not set, they will be redirected to /dev/null, according to FastCGI specs

yes

How much requests each process should execute before respawn.

Useful to work around memory leaks in 3rd party libraries.

For endless request processing please specify 0

Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS

1024

Comma separated list of ipv4 addresses of FastCGI clients that allowed to connect.

Equivalent to FCGI_WEB_SERVER_ADDRS environment in original php.fcgi (5.2.2+)

Makes sense only with AF_INET listening socket.

127.0.0.1

Pass environment variables like LD_LIBRARY_PATH

All $VARIABLEs are taken from current environment

$HOSTNAME

/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin

/tmp

/tmp

/tmp

$OSTYPE

$MACHTYPE

2

9、启动php-cgi进程，监听127.0.0.1的9000端口，进程数为128(如果服务器内存小于3GB，可以只开启64个进程)，用户为www：

ulimit -SHn 65535

/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm start

　　注：/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm还有其他参数，包括：start|stop|quit|restart|reload|logrotate，修改php.ini后不重启php-cgi，重新加载配置文件使用reload。