计算机英文文献及其翻译,计算机英文文献和翻译.doc

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郑州大学毕业设计——外文科技文献翻译题目:计算机病毒指导教师:李正民职称:副教授学生姓名:张永星学号:20052430239专业:计算机科学与技术院(系):信息工程学院完成时间:puterviruses?AccordingtoFredCohen’swell-knowndefinition,puterprogramsbymodifyingtheminsuchawayastoincludea(possiblyevolved)copyofitself.Notethataprogramdoesnothavetoperformoutrightdamage(suchasdeletingorcorruptingfiles)inordertobecalleda“virus”.However,Cohenusesthetermswithinhisdefinition(e.g.“program”and“modify”)abitdifferentlyfromthewaymostanti-virusresearchersusethem,putervirusesarebitsofcodethatdamageoreraseinformation,files,puter,putervirusescanspread,orcopyaninfectedadiskette.puter’sfiles,itcanimmediatelystarttodamageordestroyinformation,oritcanwaitforaparticulardateoreventtotriggeritsactivity.Whatarethemaintypesofviruses?Generally,therearetwomainclassesofviruses.Thefirstclassconsistsofthewhichattachthemselvestoordinaryprogramfiles.and/or.EXEprograms,thoughsomecaninfectanyprogramforwhichexecutionisrequested,suchas.SYS,.OVL,.PRG,&.MNUfiles.canbeeitherdirectactionorresident.Adirect-actionvirusselectsoneormoreotherprogramstoinfecteachothertimetheprogramwhichcontainsitisexecuted,andthereafterinfectsotherprogramswhen“they”areexecuted(asinthecaseoftheJerusalem)orwhencertainotherconditionsarefulfilled.TheViennaisanexampleofadirect-actionvirus.Mostothervirusesareresident.Thesecondclassissystemorboot-recordinfectors:thoseviruses,whichinfectexecutablecode,foundincertainsystemareasonadiskthatarenotordinaryfiles.OnDOSsystems,thereareordinaryboot-sectorviruses,whichinfectonlytheDOSbootsectorondiskettes.ExamplesincludeBrain,Stoned,Empire,Azusa,andMichelangelo.Suchvirusesarealwaysresidentviruses.Finally,afewvirusesareabletoinfectboth(theTequilavirusisoneexample).Thereareoftencalled“multipartite”viruses,thoughtherehasbeencriticismofthisname;anothernameis“boot-and-file”virus.orclusterviruses(e.g.Dir-II)arethosethatmodifydirectorytableentriessothatthevirusisloadedandexecutedbeforethedesiredprogramis.Notethattheprogramitselfisnotphysicallyaltered;onlythedirectoryentryis.Someconsidertheseinfe

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