linux系统ip重启命令,第五章 Linux操作系统关机、重启、注销及其查看ip命令

一、更新系统时间与网络时间同步

1.  安装ntpdate工具

# yum -y install ntp ntpdate

2.  设置系统时间与网络时间同步

# ntpdate cn.pool.ntp.org

3.  将系统时间写入硬件时间

# hwclock --systohc

4.强制系统时间写入CMOS中防止重启失效

#hwclock -w

二、关机重启以及注销命令

1.关机

[[email protected] ~]# shutdown -h 10　　　　　　#10分钟之后关机 以分钟为级别

[[email protected] ~]# shutdown -h now 　　　　 #立刻关机

[[email protected] ~]# shutdown -h  0　　　  　 #立刻关机

[[email protected] ~]# shutdown -h 10:00　　　  #定时关机

[[email protected] ~]# init 0　　　　　　　　　 #立刻关机 通过切换运行级别进行关机

[[email protected] ~]# poweroff　　　　　　　　#立刻关机

[[email protected] ~]# halt　　　　　　　　　　#只关闭系统，需要手动关闭电源

[[email protected] ~]# halt -p　　　　　　　　 #完全关闭主机

2.重启

[[email protected] ~]# shutdown -r now　　　　#立刻重启

[[email protected] ~]# shutdown -r 0　　　　   #立刻重启

[[email protected] ~]# shutdown -r 10　　　　 #10分钟之后进行重启

[[email protected] ~]# shutdown -r 10:05　　　  #指定时间进行重启

[[email protected] ~]# init 6　　　　　　　    #立刻重启，根据运行级别

[[email protected] ~]# reboot　　　　　　　    #立刻重启

3.取消定时关机或者重启

shutdown -c　　　　　　　　　 # 取消定时的关机或者重启

举例：

[[email protected] ~]# shutdown -h 12:00

Shutdown scheduled for Wed 2020-07-08 12:00:00 CST, use ‘shutdown -c‘ to cancel.

[[email protected] ~]# shutdown -c

Broadcast message from [email protected] (Tue 2020-07-07 15:16:37 CST):

The system shutdown has been cancelled at Tue 2020-07-07 15:17:37 CST!

[[email protected] ~]# shutdown -r 10:00

Shutdown scheduled for Wed 2020-07-08 10:00:00 CST, use ‘shutdown -c‘ to cancel.

[[email protected] ~]# shutdown -c

Broadcast message from [email protected] (Tue 2020-07-07 15:17:35 CST):

The system shutdown has been cancelled at Tue 2020-07-07 15:18:35 CST!

4.注销命令 退出当前登录的用户

1)Ctrl键 + d 　　　　　　#注销 快捷键帮你执行了一个logout命令

2)logout 　　　　　　　　 #退出当前登录的用户，不能退出非登录式shell

3)exit　　　　　　　　      #退出当前登录的用户，主要用于脚本退出

三、查看IP常用命令

Centos7默认显示IP地址的命令

#获取所有网卡的IP地址

[[email protected] ~]# ip a

1: lo: mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000

link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00

inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

inet6 ::1/128 scope host

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

2: eth0: mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000

link/ether 00:0c:29:eb:ea:8d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

inet 10.0.0.100/24 brd 10.0.0.255 scope global noprefixroute eth0

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

inet6 fe80::3310:9d15:9ee4:43e8/64 scope link noprefixroute

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

====

[[email protected] ~]# ip address

1: lo: mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000

link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00

inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

inet6 ::1/128 scope host

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

2: eth0: mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000

link/ether 00:0c:29:eb:ea:8d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

inet 10.0.0.100/24 brd 10.0.0.255 scope global noprefixroute eth0

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

inet6 fe80::3310:9d15:9ee4:43e8/64 scope link noprefixroute

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

#单独查看某个网卡的IP地址

[[email protected] ~]# ip a s eth0

2: eth0: mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000

link/ether 00:0c:29:eb:ea:8d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

inet 10.0.0.100/24 brd 10.0.0.255 scope global noprefixroute eth0

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

inet6 fe80::3310:9d15:9ee4:43e8/64 scope link noprefixroute

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

[[email protected] ~]# ip address show eth0

2: eth0: mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000

link/ether 00:0c:29:eb:ea:8d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

inet 10.0.0.100/24 brd 10.0.0.255 scope global noprefixroute eth0

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

inet6 fe80::3310:9d15:9ee4:43e8/64 scope link noprefixroute

valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

ifconfig是Centos6默认显示IP地址的命令

[[email protected] ~]# yum install -y net-tools

#所有的网卡的IP地址信息

[[email protected] ~]# ifconfig

eth0: flags=4163 mtu 1500

inet 10.0.0.100 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 10.0.0.255

inet6 fe80::3310:9d15:9ee4:43e8 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20

ether 00:0c:29:eb:ea:8d txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)

RX packets 669 bytes 367883 (359.2 KiB)

RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0

TX packets 376 bytes 48482 (47.3 KiB)

TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0

lo: flags=73 mtu 65536

inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0

inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10

loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)

RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)

RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0

TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)

TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0

#获取某一个网卡的信息

[[email protected] ~]# ifconfig eth0

eth0: flags=4163 mtu 1500

inet 10.0.0.100 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 10.0.0.255

inet6 fe80::3310:9d15:9ee4:43e8 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20

ether 00:0c:29:eb:ea:8d txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)

RX packets 699 bytes 370373 (361.6 KiB)

RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0

TX packets 394 bytes 51180 (49.9 KiB)

TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0

hostname

#显示所有的IP地址，会显示IPv6的地址

[[email protected] ~]# hostname -i

fe80::3310:9d15:9ee4:43e8%eth0 10.0.0.100

#只显示IPv4地址

[[email protected] ~]# hostname -I

10.0.0.100

#如何获取到公网地址

[[email protected] ~]# curl ifconfig.me

139.226.13.64

[[email protected] ~]# curl cip.cc

IP: 139.226.13.64

地址: 中国 上海

运营商: 联通

数据二: 上海市 | 联通

数据三: 中国上海上海 | 联通

URL: http://www.cip.cc/139.226.13.64

注：常用命令总结：链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1XPTYYwC5VPHiVLi1e5Oaiw       提取码：370l

专用记事本链接：链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1nBxeLmO8YL6iGt0m2cfhyA 　　提取码：0bow

原文：https://www.cnblogs.com/jhno1/p/13261558.html