Oracle服务端的tsnname,【监听】tnsname.ora文件理解

tnsnames.ora文件说明，类似host文件，客户端不需要知道数据库名和实例名，只需要知道该数据库对外提供的服务名(RAC环境下服务名下面还可以增加一个INSTANCE_NAME子配置选项)或SID就可以申请连接到数据库

TNSNAMES.ORA中配置service_name和配置sid都可以，但是sqlplus必须使用service_name

TNSNAMES.ORA中SERVICE_NAME、SID的区别

SID只指定一个实例，而SERVICE_NAME在RAC环境中指定多个实例。

如果配置RAC的某一台机器就配置SID，如果配置负载均衡则配置service_name，当然在service_name下面在指定instance_name也可以指定单独的实例

LUXUS =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS =

(PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER =

DEDICATED)//表示采用专用模式，如果服务端不是专用模式，则采用服务端的默认连接方式,服务端配置为共享服务器的情况，Client可以用共享服务器或者专用服务器来联接数据库，这个参数的控制就是SERVER

(SERVICE_NAME = luxus)

)

)

LUXUS2=

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS

= (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))

(ADDRESS

= (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1523))/*配置了一个负载均衡，连接luxus2时会自动连接到一个端口1521或1523的服务*/

(CONNECT_DATA

=

(SERVICE_NAME = luxus)

)

)

RAC的配置，标准配置如下

testdb =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.98.0.142)(PORT = 1521))

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.98.0.143)(PORT = 1521))

(LOAD_BALANCE = yes)

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = TESTDB)

(FAILOVER_MODE=

(TYPE = session)

(METHOD = basic)

(RETRIES = 180)

(DELAY = 5)

)

)

)

RAC的配置，也可以采用直接使用SID来指明单独实例

testdb1 =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS_LIST =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.98.0.142)(PORT = 1521))

)

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SID = TESTDB1)

)

)

testdb2 =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS_LIST =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.98.0.143)(PORT = 1521))

)

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SID = TESTDB2)

)

)

RAC的配置，也可以采用service_name和instance_name来指明单独实例

testdb1 =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.98.0.142)(PORT = 1521))

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = TESTDB)

(INSTANCE_NAME=TESTDB1)

)

)

testdb2 =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.98.0.143)(PORT = 1521))

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME =TESTDB)

(INSTANCE_NAME=TESTDB2)

)

)