android coreservice作用,Android SystemServiceManager 介绍

代码位置：frameworks/base/services/core/java/com/android/server/SystemServiceManager.java

顾名思义，SystemServiceManager是管理SystemService的，这么说还不够严谨，应该说是管理继承了SystemService的类的，这个从注释中可以看到。

/**

* Manages creating, starting, and other lifecycle events of

* {@link com.android.server.SystemService system services}.

*

* {@hide}

*/

这个类在SystemServer中被大量用到，主要用于开机时的各种系统服务的初始化和配置工作。

接下来看下具体实现：

private static final String TAG = "SystemServiceManager";

// 这个是操作service的一个延时提醒，如果对一个service的某个操作超过了这个值，Log中就会有日志

// 输出，这个一会看warnIfTooLong函数时会看到

private static final int SERVICE_CALL_WARN_TIME_MS = 50;

private final Context mContext;

private boolean mSafeMode;

private boolean mRuntimeRestarted;

// 管理的所有继承SystemService的类的集合

// Services that should receive lifecycle events.

private final ArrayList mServices = new ArrayList();

private int mCurrentPhase = -1;

SystemServiceManager(Context context) {

mContext = context;

}

其中最重要的一个函数为startService，这里传入的是一个String类型的className，然后通过反射的方法得到具体的类(为什么要用反射呢？稍后有说明)

/**

* Starts a service by class name.

*

* @return The service instance.

*/

@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")

public SystemService startService(String className) {

final Class serviceClass;

try {

serviceClass = (Class)Class.forName(className);

} catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {

Slog.i(TAG, "Starting " + className);

// 注意这里的异常提示信息，前面我们抛出一个疑问，为什么startService要用反射

// 构造Service呢？从这里的异常信息我们可以看出，如果当前设备有些featrue不支

// 持的话，对应的Service类很可能不存在，如果直接引用的话编译就会报错。这里

// 用反射的话，就可以避免因为编译报错而去修改代码，这样适配性也高。

throw new RuntimeException("Failed to create service " + className

+ ": service class not found, usually indicates that the caller should "

+ "have called PackageManager.hasSystemFeature() to check whether the "

+ "feature is available on this device before trying to start the "

+ "services that implement it", ex);

}

// 调用泛型函数

return startService(serviceClass);

}

/**

* 下面这句话说参数必须是SystemService类的子类

* Creates and starts a system service. The class must be a subclass of

* {@link com.android.server.SystemService}.

*

* @param serviceClass A Java class that implements the SystemService interface.

* @return The service instance, never null.

* @throws RuntimeException if the service fails to start.

*/

@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")

public T startService(Class serviceClass) {

try {

final String name = serviceClass.getName();

Slog.i(TAG, "Starting " + name);

Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_SYSTEM_SERVER, "StartService " + name);

// Create the service.

// isAssignableFrom函数的作用是判断是否为子类

if (!SystemService.class.isAssignableFrom(serviceClass)) {

throw new RuntimeException("Failed to create " + name

+ ": service must extend " + SystemService.class.getName());

}

final T service;

try {

// 通过反射构造类的实例

Constructor constructor = serviceClass.getConstructor(Context.class);

service = constructor.newInstance(mContext);

} catch (InstantiationException ex) {

throw new RuntimeException("Failed to create service " + name

+ ": service could not be instantiated", ex);

} catch (IllegalAccessException ex) {

throw new RuntimeException("Failed to create service " + name

+ ": service must have a public constructor with a Context argument", ex);

} catch (NoSuchMethodException ex) {

throw new RuntimeException("Failed to create service " + name

+ ": service must have a public constructor with a Context argument", ex);

} catch (InvocationTargetException ex) {

throw new RuntimeException("Failed to create service " + name

+ ": service constructor threw an exception", ex);

}

// 这里就是真正执行启动service了

startService(service);

return service;

} finally {

Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_SYSTEM_SERVER);

}

}

public void startService(@NonNull final SystemService service) {

// Register it.

// 将要启动的service加到mService列表中

mServices.add(service);

// Start it.

long time = System.currentTimeMillis(); // 记录开始操作的时间

try {

service.onStart(); // 调用要启动的service的 onStart方法

} catch (RuntimeException ex) {

throw new RuntimeException("Failed to start service " + service.getClass().getName()

+ ": onStart threw an exception", ex);

}

// 记录上述操作执行的时间，如果超时，会有warning提示

warnIfTooLong(System.currentTimeMillis() - time, service, "onStart");

}

// 可以看到，如果对Service的某个操作超过了SERVICE_CALL_WARN_TIME_MS(50ms)，Log中就会有warning提示

private void warnIfTooLong(long duration, SystemService service, String operation) {

if (duration > SERVICE_CALL_WARN_TIME_MS) {

Slog.w(TAG, "Service " + service.getClass().getName() + " took " + duration + " ms in "

+ operation);

}

}

到此，SystemServiceManager的主要内容就介绍完了，还有剩下的一些对Service的操作都是类似的，循环遍历mService列表并回调相应的函数，比如：

/**

* Starts the specified boot phase for all system services that have been started up to

* this point.

*

* @param phase The boot phase to start.

*/

public void startBootPhase(final int phase) {

if (phase <= mCurrentPhase) {

throw new IllegalArgumentException("Next phase must be larger than previous");

}

mCurrentPhase = phase;

Slog.i(TAG, "Starting phase " + mCurrentPhase);

try {

Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_SYSTEM_SERVER, "OnBootPhase " + phase);

final int serviceLen = mServices.size();

// 遍历mService并调用service的onBootPhase函数

for (int i = 0; i < serviceLen; i++) {

final SystemService service = mServices.get(i);

long time = System.currentTimeMillis();

Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_SYSTEM_SERVER, service.getClass().getName());

try {

service.onBootPhase(mCurrentPhase);

} catch (Exception ex) {

throw new RuntimeException("Failed to boot service "

+ service.getClass().getName()

+ ": onBootPhase threw an exception during phase "

+ mCurrentPhase, ex);

}

// 如果操作延时则打印warning日志

warnIfTooLong(System.currentTimeMillis() - time, service, "onBootPhase");

Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_SYSTEM_SERVER);

}

} finally {

Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_SYSTEM_SERVER);

}

}