删除c语言中的注释语句是,删除C语言程序中所有的注释语句，代码实现

学习《C程序设计语言》到第1章最后，有一道题目：

编写一个删除C语言程序中所有的注释语句。要正确处理带引号的字符串与字符常量。在C语言中,注释不允许嵌套。

Exercise 1-23. Write a program to remove all comments from a C program. Don't forget to handle quoted strings and character constants properly. C comments don't nest.刚开始，我用一种brute-force的方式，对每个字符进行遍历，然后进行判断，有没有进入注释。

这样做有一个非常麻烦的问题：只有连续检测到“//”或者"/*"时，才确定进入了注释状态；如果我们只检测到1个"/"，后面就是其它字符串的话，还得将这个单独的"/"打印出来。

而且有许多的分支状态，如果用if/else的话，会难以理解，并容易出错。

在网上搜了一下，发现有一种解法非常好：状态机。在各种状态之间跳转，逻辑清晰，不易出错，出错了也容易调试。

下面把代码贴出来：

#include

int state;

int c1,c2;

void change_state(int c);

int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {

int c;

state = 0;

c1 = 0;

c2 = 0;

while ((c=getchar())!=EOF) {

c1 = c2;

c2 = c;

change_state(c);

}

if (/* DISABLES CODE */ (0)==1) {

printf("just test://abcd");

printf("just test:/*hello*/");

}

}

/*状态机函数*/

void change_state(int c){

if (state==0) {//普通状态

if (c=='/') {

state = 1;

}else if (c=='"'){

state = 5;

putchar(c);

}else if (c=='\''){

state = 6;

putchar(c);

}

else{

state = 0;

putchar(c);

}

}else if (state==1) {//检测到1个'/'

if (c=='/') {

state = 2;

}else if (c=='*'){

state = 3;

}else{

state = 0;

putchar(c1);

putchar(c);

}

}else if (state==2) {// "//"注释状态

if (c=='\n') {

state = 0;

putchar(c);

}else{

state = 2;

}

}else if (state==3) {// "/*"注释状态

if (c=='*') {

state = 4;

}else{

state = 3;

}

}else if (state==4) {

if (c=='/') {

state = 0;

}else{

state = 3;

}

}else if (state==5){//在"字符串里

if (c=='"') {

state = 0;

putchar(c);

}else if(c=='\\'){

state = 7;

putchar(c);

}else{

state = 5;

putchar(c);

}

}else if (state==6){//在'字符里

if (c=='\'') {

state = 0;

putchar(c);

}else if(c=='\\'){

state = 8;

putchar(c);

}else{

state = 6;

putchar(c);

}

}else if (state==7){//在"字符串里的"\"

state = 5;

putchar(c);

}else if (state==8){//在'字符串里的"\"

state = 6;

putchar(c);

}

}

以本段代码作为输入，结果如下：

#include

int state;

int c1,c2;

void change_state(int c);

int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {

int c;

state = 0;

c1 = 0;

c2 = 0;

while ((c=getchar())!=EOF) {

c1 = c2;

c2 = c;

change_state(c);

}

if ( (0)==1) {

printf("just test://abcd");

printf("just test:/*hello*/");

}

}

void change_state(int c){

if (state==0) {

if (c=='/') {

state = 1;

}else if (c=='"'){

state = 5;

putchar(c);

}else if (c=='\''){

state = 6;

putchar(c);

}

else{

state = 0;

putchar(c);

}

}else if (state==1) {

if (c=='/') {

state = 2;

}else if (c=='*'){

state = 3;

}else{

state = 0;

putchar(c1);

putchar(c);

}

}else if (state==2) {

if (c=='\n') {

state = 0;

putchar(c);

}else{

state = 2;

}

}else if (state==3) {

if (c=='*') {

state = 4;

}else{

state = 3;

}

}else if (state==4) {

if (c=='/') {

state = 0;

}else{

state = 3;

}

}else if (state==5){

if (c=='"') {

state = 0;

putchar(c);

}else if(c=='\\'){

state = 7;

putchar(c);

}else{

state = 5;

putchar(c);

}

}else if (state==6){

if (c=='\'') {

state = 0;

putchar(c);

}else if(c=='\\'){

state = 8;

putchar(c);

}else{

state = 6;

putchar(c);

}

}else if (state==7){

state = 5;

putchar(c);

}else if (state==8){

state = 6;

putchar(c);

}perfect！

原文：http://blog.csdn.net/lixing333/article/details/42708647