linux lisp,lisp 中的 【，@】 与 【·】 以及【‘】 以及【 。，】

我们经常在宏定义中看到这个 ,@body

[`] back quator   (大键盘 数字键 1 左边的那个键)

以及

【‘】 单引号

以及

【。，body】  (句号后面跟个逗号, cons  返回的那个格式)

示例：

(setf test1 '(a test))

(A TEST)

CL-USER> `(this is ,test1)

(THIS IS (A TEST))

CL-USER> `(this is ,@test1)

(THIS IS A TEST)

CL-USER> `(this is . ,test1)

(THIS IS A TEST)

CL-USER> `(this is ,@test1 -- this is only .,test1)

(THIS IS A TEST -- THIS IS ONLY A TEST)

英文原文记录如下：

The need to build up code (and noncode data) from components is so frequent that

there is a special notation for it, the backquote notation. The backquote character

" ' " is similar to the quote character " ' ". A backquote indicates that what follows is

mostly a literal expression but may contain some components that are to be evaluated.

Anything marked by a leading comma " , " is evaluated and inserted into the structure,

and anything marked with a leading " , @" must evaluate to a list that is spliced into

the structure: each element of the list is inserted, without the top-level parentheses.

The notation is covered in more detail in section 23.5. Here we use the combination

of backquote and comma to rewrite whi 1 e:

(defmacro while ( t e s t &rest body)

"Repeat body while t e s t i s t r u e ."

'(loop (unless , t e s t ( r e t u r n n i l ) )

,@body)

Here are some more examples of backquote. Note that at the end of a list, " , @ " has the

same effect as " . " followed by " , " . In the middle of a list, only " , @" is a possibility.

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