1. BIND的区域传送(主从同步)
当一个域内主DNS宕机或者压力过高时就需要在添加一台DNS服务器用来顶替主DNS或者缓解主DNS的压力。
主机规划:角色IP地址主机名
DNS-MASTER192.168.233.135dns_master
DNS-SLAVE192.168.233.134dns_slave
3.1 配置区域传送的步骤
向区域中添加从服务器的关键两步步:
(在上级获得授权)
在区域数据文件中为从服务器添加一条NS记录和对应的A记录;
3.2 安装从DNS服务器[root@dns_slave ~]# yum -y install bind
[root@dns_slave ~]# mv /etc/named.conf/etc/named.conf.ori
[root@dns_slave ~]# vim /etc/named.conf
options {
directory "/var/named/";
};
zone "." IN {
type hint;
file "named.ca";
};
zone "localhost" IN {
type master;
file "named.localhost";
};
zone "1.0.0.127.in-addr.arpa"IN {
type master;
file "named.loopback";
};
zone "enzhi.com." IN {
type slave;
masters { 192.168.233.135; };
file "slaves/enzhi.com.zone";
};
zone"233.168.192.in-addr.arpa" IN {
type slave;
masters { 192.168.233.135; };
file "slaves/192.168.233.zone";
};
#masters { DNS_SERVER_IP; }; 指定主DNS服务器IP地址
注意:
#从服务器的区域数据文件不需要自己创建,从服务器会自动的从主服务器上复制到从服务器中的/var/named/slaves/目录下。所以从服务器的区域配置文件中file的路径要写相对路径file"slaves/enzhi.com.zone";
3.3 配置主服务器主配置文件授权从服务器
#在主服务器的zone中添加一行allow-transfer{ SLAVE_SERVER_IP;};允许某个从服务器可以复制区域数据文件。[root@dns_master named]# vi /etc/named.conf
options {
directory "/var/named";
};
zone "." IN {
type hint;
file "named.ca";
};
zone "localhost" IN {
type master;
file "named.localhost";
};
zone "1.0.0.127.in-addr.apra"IN {
type master;
file "named.loopback";
};
zone "enzhi.com." IN {
type master;
file "enzhi.com.zone";
allow-transfer { 192.168.233.134; };
};
zone"233.168.192.in-addr.arpa" IN {
type master;
file "192.168.233.zone";
allow-transfer { 192.168.233.134; };
};
3.4修改主服务器的区域文件添加从服务器的ns记录[root@dns_master named]# vimenzhi.com.zone
$TTL 600
@ IN SOA ns.enzhi.com. admin.enzhi.com. (
2016032401
2H
5M
7D
1D )
IN NS ns
IN NS ns2
IN MX 10 mail
ns IN A 192.168.233.135
ns2 IN A 192.168.233.134
mail IN A 192.168.233.11
www IN A 192.168.233.10
ftp IN CNAME www
#修改反向区域数据文件[root@dns_master named]# vim 192.168.233.zone
$TTL 600
@ IN SOA ns.enzhi.com. admin.enzhi.com. (
2016032401
2H
5M
7D
1D )
@ IN NS ns.enzhi.com.
IN NS ns2.enzhi.com.
135 IN PTR ns.enzhi.com.
134 IN PTR ns2.enzhi.com.
11 IN PTR mail.enzhi.com.
10 IN PTR www.enzhi.com.
#语法检查并重启nsmed服务[root@dns_master named]# named-checkzone"233.168.192.in-addr.arpa" 192.168.233.zone
zone 233.168.192.in-addr.arpa/IN: loadedserial 2016032401
OK
[root@dns_master named]#/etc/init.d/named reload
Reloading named: [ OK ]
3.5 启动dns-slave的named服务[root@dns_slave ~]# /etc/init.d/namedconfigtest #语法检查
zone localhost/IN: loaded serial 0
zone 1.0.0.127.in-addr.arpa/IN: loadedserial 0
[root@dns_slave ~]# /etc/init.d/namedstart #启动named
Generating /etc/rndc.key: [ OK ]
Starting named: [ OK ]
#检查区域数据文件是否成功复制过来
[root@dns_slave ~]# cd/var/named/slaves/
[root@dns_slave slaves]# ls
192.168.233.zone enzhi.com.zone
3.6 使用dig命令测试slave能否解析[root@dns_slave slaves]# dig -t A www.enzhi.com @192.168.233.134
; <<>> DiG9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.37.rc1.el6_7.7 <<>> -t A www.enzhi.com@192.168.233.134
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<
;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER:1, AUTHORITY: 2, ADDITIONAL: 2
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;www.enzhi.com. IN A
;; ANSWER SECTION:
www.enzhi.com. 600 IN A 192.168.233.10
;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
enzhi.com. 600 IN NS ns2.enzhi.com.
enzhi.com. 600 IN NS ns.enzhi.com.
;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
ns.enzhi.com. 600 IN A 192.168.233.135
ns2.enzhi.com. 600 IN A 192.168.233.134
;; Query time: 1 msec
;; SERVER:192.168.233.134#53(192.168.233.134)
;; WHEN: Thu Mar 24 12:43:39 2016
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 114
#反向解析[root@dns_slave slaves]# dig -x192.168.233.10 @192.168.233.134
; <<>> DiG9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.37.rc1.el6_7.7 <<>> -x 192.168.233.10@192.168.233.134
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<
;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER:1, AUTHORITY: 2, ADDITIONAL: 2
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;10.233.168.192.in-addr.arpa. IN PTR
;; ANSWER SECTION:
10.233.168.192.in-addr.arpa. 600 IN PTR www.enzhi.com.
;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
233.168.192.in-addr.arpa. 600 IN NS ns2.enzhi.com.
233.168.192.in-addr.arpa. 600 IN NS ns.enzhi.com.
;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:
ns.enzhi.com. 600 IN A 192.168.233.135
ns2.enzhi.com. 600 IN A 192.168.233.134
;; Query time: 1 msec
;; SERVER:192.168.233.134#53(192.168.233.134)
;; WHEN: Thu Mar 24 12:44:58 2016
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 139