python计算器总结,python中的计算器

I am trying to make calculator that can solve expressions with basic 4 operators, like 1+2*3-4/5, however it does not work and I do not know what is wrong. Please check my code.

When I run it, I am getting infinte number of errors in 8. line return ret(parts[0]) * ret(parts[2])

Here is code

def ret(s):

s = str(s)

if s.isdigit():

return float(s)

for c in ('*','/','+','-'):

parts = s.partition(c)

if c == '*':

return ret(parts[0]) * ret(parts[2])

elif c == '/':

return ret(parts[0]) / ret(parts[2])

elif c == '+':

return ret(parts[0]) + ret(parts[2])

elif c == '-':

return ret(parts[0]) - ret(parts[2])

print(ret('1+2'))

And the error traceback ends with:

File "C:\Python33\calc.py", line 8, in ret

return ret(parts[0]) * ret(parts[2])

File "C:\Python33\calc.py", line 2, in ret

s = str(s)

RuntimeError: maximum recursion depth exceeded while calling a Python object

解决方案

You partition the input string regardless, never checking if the operator is even there. .partition() returns empty strings if the partition character is not present in the input:

>>> '1+1'.partition('*')

('1+1', '', '')

So you'll call s.partition('*') but never check if there is any such operator present, resulting in unconditional calls to ret(). You'll always call ret(parts[0]) * ret(parts[2]) regardless of wether * is present in s or not.

The solution is to either test for the operator first or to check the return value of .partition(). The latter is probably easiest:

for c in ('+','-','*','/'):

parts = s.partition(c)

if parts[1] == '*':

return ret(parts[0]) * ret(parts[2])

elif parts[1] == '/':

return ret(parts[0]) / ret(parts[2])

elif parts[1] == '+':

return ret(parts[0]) + ret(parts[2])

elif parts[1] == '-':

return ret(parts[0]) - ret(parts[2])

Note that I reversed the operator order; yes, multiplication and division need to be applied before addition and subtraction, but you are working in reverse here; splitting up the expression into smaller parts, and the operations are then applied when the sub-expression has been processed.

You could use assignment unpacking to assign the 3 return values of .partition() to easier names:

for c in ('+','-','*','/'):

left, operator, right = s.partition(c)

if operator == '*':

return ret(left) * ret(right)

elif operator == '/':

return ret(left) / ret(right)

elif operator == '+':

return ret(left) + ret(right)

elif operator == '-':

return ret(left) - ret(right)

Next you can simplify all this by using the operator module, which has functions that perform the same operations as your arithmetic operations. A map should do:

import operator

ops = {'*': operator.mul, '/': operator.div, '+': operator.add, '-': operator.sub}

for c in ('+','-','*','/'):

left, operator, right = s.partition(c)

if operator in ops:

return ops[operator](ret(left), ret(right))