linux execl函数 errno,过程控制 Linux C fork() execl() exit() wait()

进程控制 Linux C fork() execl() exit() wait()

进程控制实验：

在linux下面使用c语言利用系统调用fork(), execl(), exit(), wait()

fork()用来复制进程

int fork() turns a single process into 2 identical processes, known as the parent and the child. On success, fork() returns 0 to the child process and returns the process ID of the child process to the parent process. On failure, fork() returns -1 to the parent process, sets errno to indicate the error, and no child process is created.

execl()调用外部命令

execl stands for execute and leave which means that a process will get executed and then terminated by execl.

exit()

int exit(int status) - terminates the process which calls this function and returns the exit status value. Both UNIX and C (forked) programs can read the status value.

wait()等待子进程执行结束

int wait (int *status_location) - will force a parent process to wait for a child process to stop or terminate. wait() return the pid of the child or -1 for an error. The exit status of the child is returned to status_location.

#include

#include

#include

int main() {

printf("main");

pid_t pid;

pid = fork();

// son process create here, exact copy from parent process

// son process will execute the main funciton after parent process

if(pid<0) {

printf("return");

return 0;

}

if(pid==0) {

printf("I am the child, my pid is %d\n", getpid());

}else {

printf("I am the parent, my pid is %d, my child pid is%d\n", getpid(), pid);

}

// sleep(6);

}

#define _GNU_SOURCE

#include

#include

#include

#include

void main() {

//execl("/bin/echo", "echo", "I am in execl", (char*)0);

pid_t pid;

int status = -10;

pid=fork();

if(pid==0) {

printf("i am in son proc\n");

printf("pid = %d\n", getpid());

int t = wait(&status);

printf("t = %d\n", t);

printf("status = %d\n", status);

//子进程下面没有子进程，wait返回-1，status也未变化

sleep(3);

}else {

//wait(&status) 返回子进程的pid， status为执行exit(5)的一个值

// 当然不为5， WEXITSTATUS(status)返回值为5

//sleep(3);

// wait()会等待子进程执行结束，然后回过来的执行父进程

printf("i am in father proc\n");

int t = wait(&status);

printf("t = %d\n", t);

printf("status = %d\n", status);

printf("WEXITSTATUS(status)=%d\n",WEXITSTATUS(status));

}

exit(5);

}