我写的SQL调优专栏:https://blog.csdn.net/u014427391/article/category/8679315
对于局部的,比如某个页面列表sql,我们可以使用Oracle的执行计划进行sql调优,但是对于整个系统来说,你可以知道哪些sql比较耗时?当然可以通过查Oracle的共享池得到,不过Oracle系统本身就提供了几种性能分析报告,比如AWR、ASH、ADDM、AWRDD等等报告,本博客介绍一下ADDM性能分析报告
> ADDM全称是Automatic Database Diagnostic Monitor,是Oracle一个实现性能自我诊断的最佳利器。它依赖于AWR,也就是说ADDM要诊断,必要要有诊断的依据。在Oracle中,这个诊断依据就是Oracle AWR,因为Oracle AWR会定期的收集整个数据库在运行期间的性能统计数据。
## 一、ADDM报告生成
继之前AWR、ASH方面的博客之后,https://smilenicky.blog.csdn.net/article/details/89414432,https://smilenicky.blog.csdn.net/article/details/89419185,我再写一篇ADDM方面的博客:
### 1.1 工具选择
对于Oracle数据库可以使用sqlplus或者plsql developer客户端软件
**sqlplus 使用**
可以使用sqlplus工具登录
进入数据库
```
sqlplus / as sysdba
```
查看用户
```
show parameter db_name
```
用登录之后才可以使用
**plsql developer使用**
plsql developer也可以使用,登录之后,选择文件(File)->新建(New)->命令窗口(Command Window)
![在这里插入图片描述](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190420122050339.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9zbWlsZW5pY2t5LmJsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQ=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)
### 1.2 自动创建快照
开始压测后执行
```
exec DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY.CREATE_SNAPSHOT ();
```
可以通过dba_hist_wr_control查看当前的配置情况,当前awr为每1小时做一次数据快照,保留时间为8天。
```
select * from dba_hist_wr_control;
```
![在这里插入图片描述](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190420112723989.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9zbWlsZW5pY2t5LmJsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQ=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)
修改配置,每隔30分钟收集一次,保存1天
```
execute dbms_workload_repository.modify_snapshot_settings(interval=>30,retention=>14000);
```
关闭自动收集
```
SQL>exec dbms_workload_repository.modify_snapshot_settings (interval=>0,retention=>24*60);
```
### 1.3 手工创建快照
除了自动创建快照,也可以手工创建快照
```
select dbms_workload_repository.create_snapshot() from dual;
```
### 1.4 ADDM报告生成
对于sqlplus客户端的可以使用
```
@?/rdbms/admin/addmrpt.sql
```
对于plsql客户端,我用绝对路径去执行,@?的命令找不到文件
这个要根据自己的Oracle安装路径去修改,例如:
```
@D:/oracle/product/11.1.0/db_1/RDBMS/ADMIN/addmrpt.sql
```
(1)快照开始id
Enter value for begin_snap:418
要根据日志打印的快照id范围来填,所以我可以填写:418
(2)快照结束id
Enter value for end_snap:420
要根据日志打印的快照id范围来填,所以我可以填写:420
(3)ADDM报告名称
Enter value for report_name
填写ADDM报告的名称,我可以填写addm_20190421.html,然后在打印的日志里有文件保存的路径:,比如:D:\oracle\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\RDBMS\ADMIN\addm.html
```
SQL> @D:/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/RDBMS/ADMIN/addmrpt.sql
Current Instance
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
DBID DB_NAME INST_ INST_NAME
---------- ------------ ----- ------------
1525762377 ORCL 1 orcl
Cannot SET TRIMSPOOL
Cannot SET UNDERLINE
Instances in this Workload Repository schema
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
DBBID INSTT DBB_NAME INSTT_NAME HOST
------------ ----- ------------ ------------ ------------
* 1525762377 1 ORCL orcl PC-201508171
906
Using 1525762377 for database Id
Using 1 for instance number
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed
dbid
---------
1525762377
inst_num
---------
1
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed
inst_num
---------
1
dbid
---------
1525762377
max_snap_time
---------
18/04/2019
Specify the number of days of snapshots to choose from
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Entering the number of days (n) will result in the most recent
(n) days of snapshots being listed. Pressing without
specifying a number lists all completed snapshots.
Listing the last 3 days of Completed Snapshots
INST_NAME DB_NAME SNAP_ID SNAPDAT LV
------------ ------------ -------- ------------------ --
orcl ORCL 417 16 Apr 2019 00:00 1
orcl ORCL 418 16 Apr 2019 19:48 1
orcl ORCL 419 16 Apr 2019 21:00 1
orcl ORCL 420 16 Apr 2019 22:00 1
orcl ORCL 421 16 Apr 2019 23:00 1
orcl ORCL 422 17 Apr 2019 21:20 1
orcl ORCL 423 17 Apr 2019 22:00 1
orcl ORCL 424 17 Apr 2019 23:00 1
orcl ORCL 425 18 Apr 2019 00:00 1
orcl ORCL 426 18 Apr 2019 21:26 1
orcl ORCL 427 18 Apr 2019 22:00 1
11 rows selected
dbid
---------
1525762377
inst_num
---------
1
max_snap_time
---------
18/04/2019
Specify the Begin and End Snapshot Ids
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Begin Snapshot Id specified: 418
End Snapshot Id specified: 420
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed
bid
---------
418
eid
---------
420
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed
inst_num
---------
1
dbid
---------
1525762377
bid
---------
418
eid
---------
420
Cannot SET TRIMSPOOL
Cannot SET UNDERLINE
Specify the Report Name
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The default report file name is addmrpt_1_418_420.txt. To use this name,
press to continue, otherwise enter an alternative.
Using the report name addm.html
Running the ADDM analysis on the specified pair of snapshots ...
bid
---------
418
eid
---------
420
inst_num
---------
1
dbid
---------
1525762377
task_name
---------
TASK_953
Generating the ADDM report for this analysis ...
Started spooling to D:\oracle\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\RDBMS\ADMIN\addm.html
ADDM Report for Task ‘TASK_953‘
-------------------------------
Analysis Period
---------------
AWR snapshot range from 418 to 420.
Time period starts at 16-APR-19 07.48.09 PM
Time period ends at 16-APR-19 10.00.20 PM
Analysis Target
---------------
Database ‘ORCL‘ with DB ID 1525762377.
Database version 11.2.0.1.0.
ADDM performed an analysis of instance orcl, numbered 1 and hosted at
PC-201508171906.
Activity During the Analysis Period
-----------------------------------
Total database time was 57 seconds.
The average number of active sessions was .01.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
There are no findings to report.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Additional Information
----------------------
Miscellaneous Information
-------------------------
There was no significant database activity to run the ADDM.
The database‘s maintenance windows were active during 99% of the analysis
period.
task_name
---------
TASK_953
Stopped spooling to D:\oracle\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\RDBMS\ADMIN\addm.html
End of Report
Report written to addm.html.
```
## 二、ADDM报告性能分析
ADDM性能报告是从数据库的整体配置和局部SQL方面给出建议,阅读时候按FINDING1,FINDING2,...,的顺序阅读就好
![在这里插入图片描述](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2019042112370929.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9zbWlsZW5pY2t5LmJsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQ=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)
下面的图来自《收获,不止SQL优化》一书:
![在这里插入图片描述](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20190421124234508.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly9zbWlsZW5pY2t5LmJsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQ=,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70)
原文:https://www.cnblogs.com/mzq123/p/10745096.html