oracle 使用description,sql server or Oracle: table MS_Description

--SQL Server表描述 及 字段描述的增、刪、改、查詢

--sql server 2000系統表sysproperties在SQL 2008中無效的問題 今天無意中在網上發現Sqlserver有一個擴展屬性系統表sysproperties，因為只接觸過MSSQL2005及以后的版本，在生產庫2008版本及聯機文檔上搜了下都找不到這個系統表，后來發現這個系統表在2005版本后就被另一個系統表sys.extended_properites所代替。

--select * from sys.extended_properites where major_id = object_id and name = 'MS_Description'

--測試:

--創建表及描述信息

create table geovindu(duname varchar(10),isname char(2))

--為表添加描述信息

EXECUTE sp_addextendedproperty N'MS_Description', '人員信息表', N'user', N'dbo', N'table', N'geovindu', NULL, NULL

--為字段duname添加描述信息

EXECUTE sp_addextendedproperty N'MS_Description', '姓名', N'user', N'dbo', N'table', N'geovindu', N'column', N'duname'

--為字段isname添加描述信息

EXECUTE sp_addextendedproperty N'MS_Description', '性別', N'user', N'dbo', N'table', N'geovindu', N'column', N'isname'

--更新表中列duname的描述屬性：

EXEC sp_updateextendedproperty 'MS_Description',N'聚文','user',dbo,'table','geovindu','column',duname

EXEC sp_updateextendedproperty N'MS_Description', '塗聚文', N'user', N'dbo', N'table', N'geovindu', N'column', N'duname'

--刪除表中列duname的描述屬性：

EXEC sp_dropextendedproperty 'MS_Description','user',dbo,'table','geovindu','column',duname

--至於查詢出來，sql server有提供系統函數fn_listextendedproperty ()：

--獲取某一個字段的描述

SELECT * FROM ::fn_listextendedproperty (NULL, 'user', 'dbo', 'table', 'geovindu', 'column', default)

--其他變數，按照你的要求你照寫即可，只要表名換成你的where objname = '字段名

--刪除測試

drop table geovindu

go

---1.SQL查詢表的所有字段的備注說明

SELECT Sysobjects.name AS TABLE_NAME, syscolumns.Id, syscolumns.name AS COLUMN_NAME,

systypes.name AS DATA_TYPE, syscolumns.length as CHARACTER_MAXIMUM_LENGTH,

sys.extended_properties.[value] AS COLUMN_DESCRIPTION, syscomments.text as

COLUMN_DEFAULT,syscolumns.isnullable as IS_NULLABLE FROM syscolumns

INNER JOIN systypes

ON syscolumns.xtype = systypes.xtype

LEFT JOIN sysobjects ON syscolumns.id = sysobjects.id

LEFT OUTER JOIN sys.extended_properties ON

( sys.extended_properties.minor_id = syscolumns.colid

AND sys.extended_properties.major_id = syscolumns.id)

LEFT OUTER JOIN syscomments ON syscolumns.cdefault = syscomments.id

WHERE syscolumns.id IN

(SELECT id FROM SYSOBJECTS WHERE xtype = 'U') AND (systypes.name <> 'sysname')

ORDER BY syscolumns.colid

--2.SQL查詢表的所有字段的備注說明

SELECT

(case when a.colorder=1 then d.name else '' end) N'表名',

a.colorder N'字段序號',

a.name N'字段名',

(case when COLUMNPROPERTY( a.id,a.name,'IsIdentity')=1 then '√'else ''

end) N'標識',

(case when (SELECT count(*)

FROM sysobjects

WHERE (name in

(SELECT name

FROM sysindexes

WHERE (id = a.id) AND (indid in

(SELECT indid

FROM sysindexkeys

WHERE (id = a.id) AND (colid in

(SELECT colid

FROM syscolumns

WHERE (id = a.id) AND (name = a.name))))))) AND

(xtype = 'PK'))>0 then '√' else '' end) N'主鍵',

b.name N'類型',

a.length N'占用字節數',

COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id,a.name,'PRECISION') as N'長度',

isnull(COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id,a.name,'Scale'),0) as N'小數位數',

(case when a.isnullable=1 then '√'else '' end) N'允許空',

isnull(e.text,'') N'默認值',

isnull(g.[value],'') AS N'字段說明'

FROM syscolumns a

left join systypes b

on a.xtype=b.xusertype

inner join sysobjects d

on a.id=d.id and d.xtype='U' and d.name<>'dtproperties'

left join syscomments e

on a.cdefault=e.id

left join sys.extended_properties g

on a.id=g.major_id AND a.colid = g.minor_id

order by object_name(a.id),a.colorder

--3. SQL 2005查詢表的所有字段的備注說明

SELECT

TableName=CASE WHEN C.column_id=1 THEN O.name ELSE N'' END,

TableDesc=ISNULL(CASE WHEN C.column_id=1 THEN PTB.[value] END,N''),

Column_id=C.column_id,

ColumnName=C.name,

PrimaryKey=ISNULL(IDX.PrimaryKey,N''),

[IDENTITY]=CASE WHEN C.is_identity=1 THEN N'√'ELSE N'' END,

Computed=CASE WHEN C.is_computed=1 THEN N'√'ELSE N'' END,

Type=T.name,

Length=C.max_length,

Precision=C.precision,

Scale=C.scale,

NullAble=CASE WHEN C.is_nullable=1 THEN N'√'ELSE N'' END,

[Default]=ISNULL(D.definition,N''),

ColumnDesc=ISNULL(PFD.[value],N''),

IndexName=ISNULL(IDX.IndexName,N''),

IndexSort=ISNULL(IDX.Sort,N''),

Create_Date=O.Create_Date,

Modify_Date=O.Modify_date

FROM sys.columns C

INNER JOIN sys.objects O

ON C.[object_id]=O.[object_id]

AND O.type='U'

AND O.is_ms_shipped=0

INNER JOIN sys.types T

ON C.user_type_id=T.user_type_id

LEFT JOIN sys.default_constraints D

ON C.[object_id]=D.parent_object_id

AND C.column_id=D.parent_column_id

AND C.default_object_id=D.[object_id]

LEFT JOIN sys.extended_properties PFD

ON PFD.class=1

AND C.[object_id]=PFD.major_id

AND C.column_id=PFD.minor_id

-- AND PFD.name='Caption' -- 字段說明對應的描述名稱(一個字段可以添加多個不同name的描述)

LEFT JOIN sys.extended_properties PTB

ON PTB.class=1

AND PTB.minor_id=0

AND C.[object_id]=PTB.major_id

-- AND PFD.name='Caption' -- 表說明對應的描述名稱(一個表可以添加多個不同name的描述)

LEFT JOIN -- 索引及主鍵信息

(

SELECT

IDXC.[object_id],

IDXC.column_id,

Sort=CASE INDEXKEY_PROPERTY(IDXC.[object_id],IDXC.index_id,IDXC.index_column_id,'IsDescending')

WHEN 1 THEN 'DESC' WHEN 0 THEN 'ASC' ELSE '' END,

PrimaryKey=CASE WHEN IDX.is_primary_key=1 THEN N'√'ELSE N'' END,

IndexName=IDX.Name

FROM sys.indexes IDX

INNER JOIN sys.index_columns IDXC

ON IDX.[object_id]=IDXC.[object_id]

AND IDX.index_id=IDXC.index_id

LEFT JOIN sys.key_constraints KC

ON IDX.[object_id]=KC.[parent_object_id]

AND IDX.index_id=KC.unique_index_id

INNER JOIN -- 對於一個列包含多個索引的情況,只顯示第1個索引信息

(

SELECT [object_id], Column_id, index_id=MIN(index_id)

FROM sys.index_columns

GROUP BY [object_id], Column_id

) IDXCUQ

ON IDXC.[object_id]=IDXCUQ.[object_id]

AND IDXC.Column_id=IDXCUQ.Column_id

AND IDXC.index_id=IDXCUQ.index_id

) IDX

ON C.[object_id]=IDX.[object_id]

AND C.column_id=IDX.column_id

--WHERE O.name=N'geovindu' -- 如果只查詢指定表,加上此條件

ORDER BY O.name,C.column_id

SELECT * FROM sys.extended_properties

--顯示所有表和描述

SELECT * FROM sys.objects WHERE type='u' AND object_id=5575058

SELECT * FROM sys.extended_properties WHERE minor_id=0 AND major_id=5575058

SELECT obj.name AS [TableName],pro.value AS [Description] FROM sys.objects obj LEFT JOIN sys.extended_properties pro

ON obj.object_id=pro.major_id

WHERE obj.type='u'

--顯示所有表的字段描述

SELECT * FROM sys.extended_properties WHERE minor_id>0

SELECT * FROM sys.extended_properties WHERE major_id=789577851

SELECT * FROM sys.columns WHERE object_id=789577851

SELECT obj.name AS [TableName], col.name AS [ColumnName],pro.value AS [Description] FROM sys.columns col,sys.extended_properties pro,sys.objects obj

WHERE col.object_id=pro.major_id

AND col.column_id=pro.minor_id

AND obj.object_id=col.object_id

---LibraryDu BookInfoList

--一個表的備注信息

SELECT objtype, objname, [name], [value]

FROM fn_listextendedproperty (NULL, 'schema', 'dbo', 'table', 'BookInfoList', NULL, NULL);

GO

--所有表的備注信息

SELECT objtype, objname, [name], [value]

FROM fn_listextendedproperty (NULL, 'schema', 'dbo', 'table', null, NULL, NULL);

GO

SELECT objtype, objname, [name], [value]

FROM fn_listextendedproperty (NULL, 'user', 'dbo', 'table', null, NULL, NULL);

GO

Oracle:

--對表的說明

comment on table BookKindList is '書分類目錄';

--對表中列的說明

comment on column BookKindList.BookKindID is '目錄ID';

comment on column BookKindList.BookKindName is '目錄名稱';

comment on column BookKindList.BookKindParent is '目錄父ID';

comment on column BookKindList.BookKindCode is '目錄code';

declare

gg nvarchar2(500):='geovindu2';

dd nvarchar2(500):='d';

begin

select REPLACE(gg, chr(10), '') into dd from dual;

dbms_output.put_line(dd);

end;

select * from user_tab_comments;

select * from user_col_comments;

--

/*

user_tab_comments;表注釋

user_col_comments;表字段注釋

以上兩個只能獲取自己用戶的表的注釋信息，如果要訪問自己能夠訪問的其他用戶的表，則需要使用：

all_tab_comments;表注釋

all_col_comments;表字段注釋

當然，如果有DBA權限，則可以使用

dba_tab_comments;表注釋

dba_col_comments;表字段注釋

dba*和all*最好指定owner條件。user*沒有該字段

user_tab_comments;表注釋

user_col_comments;表字段注釋

以上兩個只能獲取自己用戶的表的注釋信息，如果要訪問自己能夠訪問的其他用戶的表，則需要使用：

all_tab_comments;表注釋

all_col_comments;表字段注釋

當然，如果有DBA權限，則可以使用

dba_tab_comments;表注釋

dba_col_comments;表字段注釋

*/