oracle抓取异常显示行数,【DB笔试面试357】在Oracle数据库中，如何捕获存储过程中出现异常的行号？...

A

答案

使用函数DBMS_UTILITY.FORMAT_ERROR_BACKTRACE可以获取到出现异常时候的程序的行号，而函数DBMS_UTILITY.FORMAT_ERROR_STACK可以获取到出现异常时的错误信息，作用和SQLERRM一样。示例如下所示所示：

SYS@lhrdb> SET SERVEROUTPUT ON

SYS@lhrdb> DECLARE

2    N1 VARCHAR(10);

3  BEGIN

4    SELECT ENAME INTO N1 FROM SCOTT.EMP WHERE EMPNO = 2;

5  EXCEPTION

6    WHEN OTHERS THEN

7      DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('-------------------------------------');

8      DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(SUBSTR(SQLERRM, 1, 200));

9      DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('-------------------------------------');

10      DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(DBMS_UTILITY.FORMAT_ERROR_BACKTRACE);

11      DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('-------------------------------------');

12      DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(DBMS_UTILITY.FORMAT_ERROR_STACK);

13      DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('-------------------------------------');

14      DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(DBMS_UTILITY.FORMAT_CALL_STACK);

15  END;

16  /

-------------------------------------

ORA-01403: no data found

-------------------------------------

ORA-06512: at line 4

-------------------------------------

ORA-01403: no data found

-------------------------------------

----- PL/SQL Call Stack -----

object           line       object

handle           number     name

70001005a555eb8    14      anonymous block

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

根据“ORA-06512: at line 4”可以很容易的获取到错误的行号。所以，很多有经验的程序员都会在经常运行的存储过程或包中加入异常捕获，而在异常捕获中将错误信息记录在一个日志表中。如下所示：

DECLARE

N1 VARCHAR(10);

V_ERROR VARCHAR(4000);

BEGIN

SELECT ENAME INTO N1 FROM SCOTT.EMP WHERE ROWNUM<0; --报错：ORA-01403: no data found

EXCEPTION

WHEN OTHERS THEN

V_ERROR := SQLCODE || ',' || SQLERRM || CHR(13) ||DBMS_UTILITY.FORMAT_ERROR_BACKTRACE;

P_INSERT_LOG(V_ERROR);--记录日志的存储过程

END;

/