android 多媒体输出,Android多媒体 - 使用 Android MediaRecorder 完成音视频的采集、编码、封包成 mp4 输出...

win7

Android Studio 3.0.1

概述

本文目的：使用 Android MediaRecorder API 完成音视频的采集、编码、封包成 mp4 输出

基于android.hardware.Camera，创建一个横屏应用，实时预览摄像头图像，实现录像并输出MP4的功能。

目前(2018年5月18日)android Camera2在国内各手机系统上的稳定性还不是很好。

申请权限

在activity中动态申请权限

private static final String[] VIDEO_PERMISSIONS = {

Manifest.permission.CAMERA,

Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO,

Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE

};

实现摄像头预览功能

使用SurfaceView来预览。新建CameraPreview类继承自SurfaceView并实现SurfaceHolder.Callback；

camera相关操作都放在这个View里。

surfaceCreated中获取Camera实例，启动预览；设置预览相关参数

surfaceDestroyed释放Camera

public class CameraPreview extends SurfaceView implements SurfaceHolder.Callback {

private static final String TAG = "rustAppCameraPreview";

private SurfaceHolder mHolder;

private Camera mCamera;

public static final int MEDIA_TYPE_IMAGE = 1;

public static final int MEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO = 2;

private static int mOptVideoWidth = 1920; // 默认视频帧宽度

private static int mOptVideoHeight = 1080;

private Uri outputMediaFileUri;

private String outputMediaFileType;

public CameraPreview(Context context) {

super(context);

mHolder = getHolder();

mHolder.addCallback(this);

}

private static Camera getCameraInstance() {

Camera c = null;

try {

c = Camera.open();

} catch (Exception e) {

Log.d(TAG, "camera is not available");

}

return c;

}

@Override

public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) {

mCamera = getCameraInstance();

try {

mCamera.setPreviewDisplay(holder);

mCamera.startPreview();

getCameraOptimalVideoSize(); // 找到最合适的分辨率

} catch (IOException e) {

Log.d(TAG, "Error setting camera preview: " + e.getMessage());

}

}

private void getCameraOptimalVideoSize() {

try {

Camera.Parameters parameters = mCamera.getParameters();

List mSupportedPreviewSizes = parameters.getSupportedPreviewSizes();

List mSupportedVideoSizes = parameters.getSupportedVideoSizes();

Camera.Size optimalSize = CameraHelper.getOptimalVideoSize(mSupportedVideoSizes,

mSupportedPreviewSizes, getWidth(), getHeight());

mOptVideoWidth = optimalSize.width;

mOptVideoHeight = optimalSize.height;

Log.d(TAG, "prepareVideoRecorder: optimalSize:" + mOptVideoWidth + ", " + mOptVideoHeight);

} catch (Exception e) {

Log.e(TAG, "getCameraOptimalVideoSize: ", e);

}

}

@Override

public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) {

mHolder.removeCallback(this);

mCamera.setPreviewCallback(null);

mCamera.stopPreview();

mCamera.release();

mCamera = null;

}

@Override

public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int w, int h) {

}

}

在Fragment中显示摄像头预览

预置一个FrameLayout，实例化一个CameraPreview添加进去

/**

* 视频录制界面

* Created by Rust on 2018/5/17.

*/

public class VideoRecordFragment extends Fragment {

private static final String TAG = "rustAppVideoFrag";

private Button mCaptureBtn;

private CameraPreview mCameraPreview;

public static VideoRecordFragment newInstance() {

return new VideoRecordFragment();

}

@Override

public void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

Log.d(TAG, "frag onCreate");

}

@Nullable

@Override

public View onCreateView(@NonNull LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup container, @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {

Log.d(TAG, "frag onCreateView");

return inflater.inflate(R.layout.frag_video_record, container, false);

}

@Override

public void onViewCreated(@NonNull View view, @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {

Log.d(TAG, "frag onViewCreated");

super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);

mCaptureBtn = view.findViewById(R.id.capture_btn);

//mCaptureBtn.setOnClickListener(mOnClickListener);// 录制键

mCameraPreview = new CameraPreview(getContext());

FrameLayout preview = view.findViewById(R.id.camera_preview);

preview.addView(mCameraPreview);

}

}

使用MediaRecorder录制

给MediaRecorder指定参数后，调用start()开始录制，stop()结束录制

录制开始前，获取camera，mCamera.unlock()解锁；录制完毕后，清除MediaRecorder，mCamera.lock()

private MediaRecorder mMediaRecorder;

public boolean startRecording() {

if (prepareVideoRecorder()) {

mMediaRecorder.start();

return true;

} else {

releaseMediaRecorder();

}

return false;

}

public void stopRecording() {

if (mMediaRecorder != null) {

mMediaRecorder.stop();

}

releaseMediaRecorder();

}

public boolean isRecording() {

return mMediaRecorder != null;

}

private boolean prepareVideoRecorder() {

if (null == mCamera) {

mCamera = getCameraInstance();

}

mMediaRecorder = new MediaRecorder();

mCamera.unlock();

mMediaRecorder.setCamera(mCamera);

mMediaRecorder.setAudioSource(MediaRecorder.AudioSource.DEFAULT);

mMediaRecorder.setVideoSource(MediaRecorder.VideoSource.CAMERA);

mMediaRecorder.setProfile(CamcorderProfile.get(CamcorderProfile.QUALITY_HIGH));

mMediaRecorder.setVideoSize(mOptVideoWidth, mOptVideoHeight);

mMediaRecorder.setOutputFile(getOutputMediaFile(MEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO).toString());

mMediaRecorder.setPreviewDisplay(mHolder.getSurface());

try {

mMediaRecorder.prepare();

} catch (IllegalStateException e) {

Log.d(TAG, "IllegalStateException preparing MediaRecorder: " + e.getMessage());

releaseMediaRecorder();

return false;

} catch (IOException e) {

Log.d(TAG, "IOException preparing MediaRecorder: " + e.getMessage());

releaseMediaRecorder();

return false;

}

return true;

}

private void releaseMediaRecorder() {

if (mMediaRecorder != null) {

mMediaRecorder.reset();

mMediaRecorder.release();

mMediaRecorder = null;

mCamera.lock();

}

}

private File getOutputMediaFile(int type) {

File mediaStorageDir = new File(Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(

Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES), TAG);

if (!mediaStorageDir.exists()) {

if (!mediaStorageDir.mkdirs()) {

Log.d(TAG, "failed to create directory");

return null;

}

}

String timeStamp = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMdd_HHmmss", Locale.CHINA).format(new Date());

File mediaFile;

if (type == MEDIA_TYPE_IMAGE) {

mediaFile = new File(mediaStorageDir.getPath() + File.separator +

"IMG_" + timeStamp + ".jpg");

outputMediaFileType = "image/*";

} else if (type == MEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO) {

mediaFile = new File(mediaStorageDir.getPath() + File.separator +

"VID_" + timeStamp + ".mp4");

outputMediaFileType = "video/*";

} else {

return null;

}

outputMediaFileUri = Uri.fromFile(mediaFile);

return mediaFile;

}

后台返回时预览黑屏的问题

CameraPreview是我们在Fragment创建时实例化并添加进去的。

应用退到后台后，CameraPreview已经被销毁。应用回到前台时，我们应该在onResume方法中进行操作。恢复CameraPreview。

在Fragment中，判断销毁和重建预览的时机。

@Override

public void onPause() {

super.onPause();

Log.d(TAG, "onPause: 销毁预览");

mCameraPreview = null;

}

@Override

public void onResume() {

super.onResume();

Log.d(TAG, "onResume: 回到前台");

if (null == mCameraPreview) {

initCameraPreview();

}

}

private void initCameraPreview() {

mCameraPreview = new CameraPreview(getContext());

FrameLayout preview = mRoot.findViewById(R.id.camera_preview);

preview.addView(mCameraPreview);

}

参考资料