c语言添加信息,C语言数据结构之串插入操作

C语言数据结构之串插入操作

实例代码：

/* 串的堆分配存储表示 */

#include

#include

#include

#define OK 1

#define ERROR 0

#define TRUE 1

#define FALSE 0

#define OVERFLOW -2

typedef int Status;

typedef struct

{

char *ch; //如果是非空串，则按串长分配存储区，否则ch为NULL

int length; //串长度

}HString;

/*******************************声明部分****************************************/

Status StrAssign(HString *T,char *chars);

//生成一个其值等于串常量chars的串T

Status StrInsert (HString *S,int pos,HString T);

//1<=pos<=StrLength(S)+1.在串S的第pos个字符之前插入串T

int StrLength(HString S);

//返回S的元素个数，成为串的长度

int StrCompare(HString S,HString T);

//若S>T，则返回值>0,若S=T，则返回值 = 0，若S

Status ClearString(HString *S);

//将S清空

Status Concat(HString *T,HString S1,HString S2);

//用T返回由S1和S2连接而成的新串

Status SubString(HString *Sub,HString S,int pos,int len);

//用Sub返回串S的第pos个字符起长度为len的子串

//其中,1<= pos<= StrLength(S) 且 0<= len <= StrLength(S)-pos+1

Status StrCopy(HString *T, HString S);

/*******************************函数部分****************************************/

Status StrAssign(HString *T,char *chars)

{

if((*T).ch){ //释放旧空间

free((*T).ch);

}

int i = strlen(chars);

if(!i){ //若chars为空

(*T).ch = NULL;

(*T).length = 0;

}

else{ //chars不空

if(!((*T).ch = (char *)malloc(i * sizeof(char)))) //为T分配chars所需的存储空间

exit(OVERFLOW);

int count;

for(count = 0;count <= i-1;count++){ //把chars存入T中

(*T).ch[count] = chars[count];

(*T).length = i;

} //for

} //else

return OK;

}

int StrLength(HString S)

{

return S.length;

}

int StrCompare(HString S,HString T)

{

int count;

for(count = 0;count < S.length && count < T.length;count++){

if(S.ch[count] != T.ch[count])

return S.ch[count] - T.ch[count];

}

return S.length - T.length;

}

Status ClearString(HString *S)

{

if((*S).ch){

free((*S).ch);

(*S).ch = NULL;

}

(*S).length = 0;

return OK;

}

Status Concat(HString *T,HString S1,HString S2)

{

if((*T).ch){ //释放旧空间

free((*T).ch);

}

if(!((*T).ch = (char *)malloc((S1.length+S2.length)* sizeof(char))))

exit(OVERFLOW);

int count,cnt;

for(count = 0;count <= S1.length;count++){ //把S1存入T中

(*T).ch[count] = S1.ch[count];

}

(*T).length = S1.length + S2.length; //更改T的长度为两串之和

for(count = S1.length,cnt = 0;count <= (*T).length;count++,cnt++){

(*T).ch[count] = S2.ch[cnt]; //把S2存入T中

}

return OK;

}

Status SubString(HString *Sub,HString S,int pos,int len)

{

if(pos<1 || pos>S.length || len<0 || len >S.length-pos+1)

return ERROR;

if((*Sub).ch){ //释放旧空间

free((*Sub).ch);

}

if(!len){

(*Sub).ch = NULL;

(*Sub).length = 0; //空子串

}

else{ //完整子串

(*Sub).ch = (char *)malloc(len*sizeof(char));

int count,cnt;

for(count = 0,cnt = pos-1;count <= len-1;count++,cnt++){

(*Sub).ch[count] = S.ch[cnt];

}

(*Sub).length = len;

}//else

return OK;

}

Status StrInsert (HString *S,int pos,HString T)

{

if(pos<1 || pos >(*S).length+1)

return ERROR; //pos不合法

if(T.length){

if(!((*S).ch = (char*)realloc((*S).ch,((*S).length + T.length)*sizeof(char))))

exit(OVERFLOW);

int count,cnt;

for(count = (*S).length-1;count>= pos-1;count--){

(*S).ch[count+T.length-1] = (*S).ch[count]; //为插入T腾出位置

}

for(count = pos-1,cnt = 0;cnt<= T.length-1;count++,cnt++)

(*S).ch[count] = T.ch[cnt]; //插入T

(*S).length += T.length;

}//if

return OK;

}

Status StrCopy(HString *T, HString S){

int j;

if((*T).ch)

free((*T).ch);

(*T).ch = (char*)malloc(S.length * sizeof(char));

if(!(*T).ch)

exit(OVERFLOW);

for(j = 0; j < S.length; j++)

(*T).ch[j] = S.ch[j];

(*T).length = S.length;

return OK;

}

/*******************************主函数部分**************************************/

int main()

{

HString T,S,S1,S2,Sub;

char *charsT = "abcd";

char *chars1 = "abc";

char *chars2 = "AAAA";

StrAssign(&T,charsT);

StrAssign(&S,chars1);

StrAssign(&S1,chars1);

StrAssign(&S2,chars2);

int count;

printf("T的长度为：%d\n",T.length);

printf("T的内容为：");

for(count = 0;count

printf("%c",T.ch[count]);

}

printf("\n");

printf("\nStrCompare(S,T) = %d\n",StrCompare(S,T));

Concat(&T,S1,S2);

printf("\n链接S1，S2为T之后\n");

printf("T的长度为：%d\n",T.length);

printf("T的内容为：");

for(count = 0;count

printf("%c",T.ch[count]);

}

printf("\n");

printf("\nS的长度为：%d\n",S.length);

printf("S的内容为：");

for(count = 0;count

printf("%c",S.ch[count]);

}

printf("用Sub返回S的第1个字符起长度为2的子串\n");

SubString(&Sub,S,1,2);

printf("Sub的长度为：%d\n",Sub.length);

printf("Sub的内容为：");

for(count = 0;count

printf("%c",Sub.ch[count]);

}

printf("\n");

printf("\n在串S的第1个字符之前插入串T\n");

StrInsert(&S,1,T);

printf("S的长度为：%d\n",S.length);

printf("S的内容为：");

for(count = 0;count

printf("%c",S.ch[count]);

}

return 0;

}

实现效果:

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