pe安装红帽子Linux,RedHat yum安装配置

以前用fedora配置yum很方便,可是来到RHLE就不是那么顺手了,如果不做如下设置,经常出现不能通过yum安装软件的情况,下面是详细配置(网上找的)

首先，rhel5系统安装的时候其实已经有yum了，只是因为如果用官方的网站更新的话除非你是用钱买的rhel5.否则它会提示注册之类的。所以只要把 yum的更新地址改成开源的就行了。而限定yum更新地址的文件在/etc/yum.repos.d/里。先把它们改成备份文件，即在后面加.bak。

[root@killgoogle ~]# mv /etc/yum.repos.d/rhel-debuginfo.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/rhel-debuginfo.repo.bak

[root@killgoogle ~]# mv /etc/yum.repos.d/rpmforge.repo.rpmnew /etc/yum.repos.d/rpmforge.repo.rpmnew.bak

建立新的配置文件：

[root@killgoogle ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d

[root@killgoogle ~]# touch rhel-debuginfo.repo

[root@killgoogle ~]# touch mirrors-rpmforge

[root@killgoogle ~]# touch rpmforge.repo

往新的配置文件写东西：

[root@killgoogle ~]#vi rhel-debuginfo.repo

[base]

name=CentOS-5 - Base

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever5&arch=$basearch&

repo=os

#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/

baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5/os/$basearch/

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5

#released updates

[update]

name=CentOS-5 - Updates

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=4&arch=$basearch&repo=updates

baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5/updates/$basearch/

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5

#packages used/produced in the build but not released

[addons]

name=CentOS-5 - Addons

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=4&arch=$basearch&repo=addons

baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5/addons/$basearch/

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5

#additional packages that may be useful

[extras]

name=CentOS-5 - Extras

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=4&arch=$basearch&repo=extras

baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5/extras/$basearch/

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5

#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages

[centosplus]

name=CentOS-5 - Plus

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=4&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus

baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5/centosplus/$basearch/

gpgcheck=1

enabled=0

gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5

#contrib - packages by Centos Users

[contrib]

name=CentOS-5 - Contrib

#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=4&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib

baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5/contrib/$basearch/

gpgcheck=1

enabled=0

gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5

# vi dag.repo

[dag]

name=Dag RPM Repository for RHEL5

baseurl=http://ftp.riken.jp/Linux/dag/redhat/el5/en/$basearch/dag/

enabled=1

gpgcheck=1

gpgkey=http://ftp.riken.jp/Linux/dag/packages/RPM-GPG-KEY.dag.txt

修改第二个配置文件：

[root@killgoogle ~]vi mirrors-rpmforge

http://apt.sw.be/redhat/el5/en/$ARCH/dag

http://archive.cs.uu.nl/mirror/dag.wieers/redhat/el5/en/$ARCH/dag

http://ftp2.lcpe.uni-sofia.bg/freshrpms/pub/dag/redhat/el5/en/$ARCH/dag

#http://ftp.heanet.ie/pub/freshrpms/pub/dag/redhat/el5/en/$ARCH/dag

http://ftp-stud.fht-esslingen.de/dag/redhat/el5/en/$ARCH/dag

http://mirror.cpsc.ucalgary.ca/mirror/dag/redhat/el5/en/$ARCH/dag

http://mirrors.ircam.fr/pub/dag/redhat/el5/en/$ARCH/dag

http://rh-mirror.linux.iastate.edu/pub/dag/redhat/el5/en/$ARCH/dag

http://rpmfind.net/linux/dag/redhat/el5/en/$ARCH/dag

http://wftp.tu-chemnitz.de/pub/linux/dag/redhat/el5/en/$ARCH/dag

http://www.mirrorservice.org/sites/apt.sw.be/redhat/el5/en/$ARCH/dag

修改第三个配置文件：

[root@killgoogle ~]# vi rpmforge.repo

# Name: RPMforge RPM Repository for Red Hat Enterprise 5 - dag

# URL: http://rpmforge.net/

[rpmforge]

name = Red Hat Enterprise $releasever - RPMforge.net - dag

#baseurl = http://apt.sw.be/redhat/el5/en/$basearch/dag

mirrorlist = http://apt.sw.be/redhat/el5/en/mirrors-rpmforge

#mirrorlist = file:///etc/yum.repos.d/mirrors-rpmforge

enabled = 1

protect = 0

gpgkey = file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-rpmforge-dag

gpgcheck = 1

下面有2种方法：

这种我尝试过，在服务器上已搭建好 yum

参考 ： http://www.linuxdiyf.com/viewarticle.php?id=70630

这里注意

vi /etc/yum.conf

加上这么一句：timeout=120

和 CentOS-Base.repo 文件中的 5.0 都修改为 5.2 就可以了

如果通过上述配置出现类似以下错误信息：

Downloading Packages:

warning: rpmts_HdrFromFdno: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 6b8d79e6

GPG key retrieval failed: [Errno 14] HTTP Error 404: Not Found

解决方法一：

下载并导入Key

cd /etc/pki/rpm-gpg

wget http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5

rpm --import /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY*

代码

-----BEGIN PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----

Version: GnuPG v1.2.6 (GNU/Linux)

mQGiBEWfB6MRBACrnYW6yKMT+MwJlCIhoyTxGf3mAxmnAiDEy6HcYN8rivssVTJk

CFtQBlBOpLV/OW2YtKrCO2xHn46eNfnMri8FGT8g+9JF3MUVi7kiV1He4iJynHXB

+F2ZqIvHf3IaUj1ys+p8TK64FDFxDQDrGQfIsD/+pkSGx53/877IrvdwjwCguQcr

Ioip5TH0Fj0OLUY4asYVZH8EAIqFHEqsY+9ziP+2R3/FyxSllKkjwcMLrBug+cYO

LYDD6eQXE9Mq8XKGFDj9ZB/0+JzK/XQeStheeFG75q3noq5oCPVFO4czuKErIRAB

qKbDBhaTj3JhOgM12XsUYn+rI6NeMV2ZogoQCC2tWmDETfRpYp2moo53NuFWHbAy

XjETA/sHEeQT9huHzdi/lebNBj0L8nBGfLN1nSRP1GtvagBvkR4RZ6DTQyl0UzOJ

RA3ywWlrL9IV9mrpb1Fmn60l2jTMMCc7J6LacmPK906N+FcN/Docj1M4s/4CNanQ

NhzcFhAFtQL56SNyLTCk1XzhssGZ/jwGnNbU/aaj4wOj0Uef5LRGQ2VudE9TLTUg

S2V5IChDZW50T1MgNSBPZmZpY2lhbCBTaWduaW5nIEtleSkgPGNlbnRvcy01LWtl

eUBjZW50b3Mub3JnPohkBBMRAgAkBQJFnwekAhsDBQkSzAMABgsJCAcDAgMVAgMD

FgIBAh4BAheAAAoJEKikR9zoViiXKlEAmwSoZDvZo+WChcg3s/SpNoWCKhMAAJwI

E2aXpZVrpsQnInUQWwkdrTiL5YhMBBMRAgAMBQJFnwiSBYMSzAIRAAoJEDjCFhY5

bKCk0hAAn134bIx3wSbq58E6P6U5RT7Z2Zx4AJ9VxnVkoGHkVIgSdsxHUgRjo27N

F7kBDQRFnwezEAQA/HnJ5yiozwgtf6jt+kii8iua+WnjqBKomPHOQ8moxbWdv5Ks

4e1DPhzRqxhshjmub4SuJ93sgMSAF2ayC9t51mSJV33KfzPF2gIahcMqfABe/2hJ

aMzcQZHrGJCEX6ek8l8SFKou7vICzyajRSIK8gxWKBuQknP/9LKsoczV+xsAAwUD

/idXPkk4vRRHsCwc6I23fdI0ur52bzEqHiAIswNfO521YgLk2W1xyCLc2aYjc8Ni

nrMX1tCnEx0/gK7ICyJoWH1Vc7//79sWFtX2EaTO+Q07xjFX4E66WxJlCo9lOjos

Vk5qc7R+xzLDoLGFtbzaTRQFzf6yr7QTu+BebWLoPwNTiE8EGBECAA8FAkWfB7MC

GwwFCRLMAwAACgkQqKRH3OhWKJfvvACfbsF1WK193zM7vSc4uq51XsceLwgAoI0/

9GxdNhGQEAweSlQfhPa3yYXH

=o/Mx

-----END PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----

解决方法二：

下载我已经配置成功的配置文件把相应的替换在执行导入key命令

yum其他：

三、用yum命令安装和卸载RPM包

#yum install dovecot //安装dovecot(邮件pop3协议)包

#yum remove dovecot //删除dovecot包

#yum clean all //清除yum缓存

#yum list //列出所有可安装的软件包

#yum list updates //列出所有可更新的软件包

重启动

service yum-updatesd restart

RHA5上用yum安装程序时候，出现下面的异常问题：

warning: rpmts_HdrFromFdno: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID e8562897

Is this ok [y/N]: y

Downloading Packages:

warning: rpmts_HdrFromFdno: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID e8562897

RHA5

解决办法：

如果是低版本，可以使用